! Proposal 6845, submission 1 ! PI: David Soderblom ! Received Thu Feb 8 16:24:42 EST 1996 ! From: noll@stsci.edu ! Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 6 (1996) Phase II Proposal Template ! $Id: 6845,v 12.1 1997/05/21 15:10:06 pepsa Exp $ ! ! Refer to the HST Phase II Proposal Instructions to fill this out ! ! Anything after a "!" is ignored, and may be deleted ! ! All keywords with multiple entries are comma delimited except the ! Visit_Requirements and Special_Requirements keywords which can be ! delimited with carriage returns or semi-colons, but not commas ! ! For help call your Program Coordinator: Christian Ready ! Phone: 410-338-4546 , E-mail: ready@stsci.edu ! ! This partially completed template was generated from a Phase I proposal. ! Name of Phase I Proposal: archive-0001.foo.prop ! Date generated: Tue Jan 2 15:18:11 EST 1996 ! Proposal_Information ! Section 4 Title: 51 Pegasi X? Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: COOL STARS Cycle: 6 Investigators PI_name: David Soderblom PI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute CoI_Name: Keith Noll CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Michel Mayor CoI_Institution: Observatoire de Geneve Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Didier Queloz CoI_Institution: Observatoire de Geneve Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) Abstract: ! Free format text (please update) Mayor & Queloz have recently discovered a companion to the G dwarf 51 Pegasi, a companion that is likely to have a mass comparable to Jupiter's. There is also evidence for at least one more companion, a 51 Peg X, because the residuals in the radial velocities after the orbit of 51 Peg B are subtracted are large. This program will obtain WFPC2 images of 51 Pegasi at two different orientations with the goal of detecting additional low-mass companions. WFPC2 observations would be capable of detecting faint stellar companions very close to the primary star, a region inaccessible from the ground and to radial velocity searches. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: The most important issue for observing 51 Peg is removal of the effects of the PSF because we are looking for a faint companion in the immediate vicinity of the star (more distant objects can be found from the ground). We have therefore selected a well-characterized filter for our observations, F814W, and we will place 51 Peg near the center of the PC chip. To give an idea of what we might hope to detect, note that Jupiter at the distance of 51 Peg (13.5 pc) would have an apparent magnitude of about V = 32. That is clearly beyond the realm of the possible, even before we consider it lying next to a bright star. Any companion to 51 Peg is not isolated and is swamped by the stellar signal. We estimate that 51 Peg itself will be overexposed at even the shortest WFPC2 exposure time (0.11 sec), producing about 50 saturated pixels. At a 60-second exposure time, about 30,000 pixels will be saturated, meaning that we will wish to use CLOCKS=YES. This is equivalent to about 38 saturated columns. Therefore our strategy is to use two orbits of exposures, with a roll angle of 67.5 degrees between them. Rolling 90 degrees takes a companion object out of the saturated columns, and the additional +/-22.5 degrees is needed to get out from behind the diffraction spikes. Each orbit will consist of exposures of 0.11, 1.0, 10, 100, and 300 seconds in F814W\@. The 100 and 300 second exposures will be repeated to eliminate cosmic rays. This stepped series of expoures allows us to sample well out into the wings of the PSF. Also F814W is a well-characterized filter for this type of observation. 51 Peg A is 5.5 in V or about 4.5 in I. By subtracting the PSF of the central star we expect to be able to reach 10 magnitudes fainter at 1 arcsec and 12 mag at 3 arcsec. These correspond to 14.5 and 16.5 in I, or approximately 14 and 16 in M_I. This corresponds to a spectral type of about M5 on the main sequence. Thus this program should be able to detect very-low-mass stars. Clearly we cannot detect a Jupiter, as such, but other classes of low-mass companions are detectable. Real_Time_Justification: Some scheduling limitations to achieve desired roll angles. None Calibration_Justification: ! Move appropriate text from Real_Time_Justification Additional_Comments: Fixed_Targets ! Section 5.1 Target_Number: 1 Target_Name: 51Peg Alternate_Names: BS8729 Description: STAR,G V-IV Position: RA=22H 57M 27.965S +/- 0.01S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=+20D 46' 7.10" +/- 0.1" ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox: 2000 RV_or_Z: RA_PM: 0.0135 ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: 0.043 ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: J2000 Annual_Parallax: 0.074 Flux: V=5.5,B-V=0.67 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: ! This is a template for a single visit containing a single exposure ! Repeat exposure and visit blocks as needed Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 1 Visit_Requirements: !ORIENT 115D TO 115D ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 10 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: SEQ 10-19 NON-INT Exposure_Number: 11 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F555W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 12 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F555W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.0S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 13 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.0S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 14 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 10S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 15 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F439W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 10S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 16 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F555W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 10S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 17 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F555W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-TOLERANCE=0 CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 18 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-TOLERANCE=0 CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 19 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-TOLERANCE=0 CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 600S Special_Requirements: Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 2 Visit_Requirements: ORIENT 60D TO 75D FROM 1 !ORIENTation 175D TO 190D On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 20 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: SEQ 20- 29 NON-INT Exposure_Number: 21 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F555W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 22 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F555W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.0S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 23 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.0S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 24 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 10S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 25 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F439W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 10S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 26 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F555W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 10S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 27 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F555W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-TOLERANCE=0 CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 28 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-TOLERANCE=0 CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 29 Target_Name: 51Peg Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-TOLERANCE=0 CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 600S Special_Requirements: Comments: Data_Distribution ! Defaults indicated; change if desired Medium: 8MM ! 8MM or 6250BPI or 1600BPI Blocking_Factor: 10 ! 10 or 1 ! Only astronomers with very old 9- ! track tape drives should consider ! a blocking factor of 1 Ship_To: PI_Address ! STSCI or PI_Address or ! PI Address from Phase I is: ! 3700 San Martin Drive Baltimore 21218 ! ! Ship_Via: UPS ! UPS (2-day) or OVERNIGHT ! Overnight shipping done at PI expense Recipient_Email: ! Needed if Ship_To: is not PI_Address ! ! Let us know what you think of this template and software! ! Please send a list of your likes and dislikes to your Program Coordinator