! +====================+ ! | PED OUTPUT PRODUCT | ! +====================+ ! ! /cosmos/data2/goodrich/cycle6/imsey/rps2/6704.prop ! Generated by PREPROCESSOR, version 6.0e ! Date: Fri Jan 5 16:10:42 EST 1996 Proposal_Information Title: Dust in the Broad-Line Regions of Seyfert Galaxies Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: AGN Cycle: 6 Investigators PI_Name: Robert Goodrich PI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute CoI_Name: Anuradha Koratkar CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: CoI_Name: Michael Eracleous CoI_Institution: University of California, Berkeley Contact: Abstract: The classes of objects called Seyfert 1.8 and Seyfert 1.9 galaxies show weak broad Balmer lines and a weak nonstellar continuum. Two theories have been proposed to explain their characteristics: (1) dust along the line of sight to the broad -line region (BLR) and the continuum reddens and weakens the nuclear spectrum, and (2) low optical depth and low ionization parameter in the BLR, which has been shown to give large Balmer decrements. These competing theories can be critically tested by observing both LyAlpha and HAlpha and comparing their strengths. In the reddening hypothesis LyAlpha should be reduced by a factor of ~ 10^-4 from its intrinsic value, while in the other hypothesis the LyAlpha/HAlpha ratio should be similar to that seen in Seyfert 1 galaxies. We will use the GHRS and ground-based spectroscopy to obtain nearly simultaneous LyAlpha and HAlpha spectra of eight Seyfert 1.8 and 1.9 galaxies. This will provide a clear and unambiguous test of the two theories discussed above. Questions Observing_Description: The primary goal of the project is to measure LyAlpha lines in eight Seyfert 1.8 and 1.9 galaxies using the GHRS and the G140L grating. At LyAlpha the GHRS is several times more sensitive than the FOS. While sensitivity measurements of STIS are not yet available, preliminary estimates from New Instruments for Second Servicing Mission indicate that it will not be greatly higher in sensitivity than GHRS at LyAlpha. Since our project does not require any of the unique capabilities of STIS, such as long-slit coverage, or large wavelength coverage, and since we obtain adequate data with one orbit per target using the GHRS, there is no reason to postpone this project until STIS becomes available. As a sample exposure calculation we assume the following: (a) a broad HAlpha flux of 100 * 10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1, (b) a LyAlpha/HAlpha ratio of 3, (c) a line width of 5000 km s^-1, and (d) a redshift of 0.04. These parameters are close to the actual parameters of, e.g., Mrk 883, and are typical of our targets, all of which are listed in Table 1. The line width corresponds to 21 Angstrom = 37 diodes. The sensitivity of the instrument is 150 * 10^11 ct s^-1 diode^-1 per incident erg cm^-2 s^-1 AA^-1, leading to an average count rate of 0.21 ct s^-1 diode^-1. This is well above the dark count of 0.008 ct s^-1 diode^-1, which we can safely ignore. The total count rate in LyAlpha is 7.9 ct s^-1, yielding ~ 14,000 total counts in a 30-minute exposure. The optical continuum flux in Seyfert 1.8s and 1.9s is lower than is typical for Seyfert 1 galaxies, and little is known about their UV continua. However, since broad LyAlpha dominates the continuum in Seyfert 1s, it seems safe to ignore the continuum noise in the above calculation. Our targets will be acquired by the FOS, the usual procedure for observing faint objects with the GHRS. After an 8-minute guide star acquisition we will require a 9 minute binary acquisition with the FOS/BL side, allowing ~ 35 minutes for the GHRS exposure. This will allow us to reach a limiting sensitivity of 10^-14 erg cm^-2 s^-1, perfectly adequate for our project. Real_Time_Justification: None. When the appropriate application deadlines arrive we will propose to one or two ground-based optical telescopes for supporting optical spectroscopy. They key here is to get good HAlpha line fluxes at nearly the same time as the GHRS LyAlpha spectroscopy. The Lick spectrographs we plan to use allow coverage of HBeta as well as HAlpha. Goodrich (1995) used the 1.5-m Palomar reflector to produce high-quality spectra in one or two-hour exposures. Calibration_Justification: Additional_Comments: Instead of ground-based H-alpha spectroscopy we can instead take a quick (~5 minute) exposure with the FOS/RD and G780H grating, since we are performing FOS-assisted acquisitions anyway. However, we must check whether we can find a guide star or guide stars available which is visible when the target is centered in both the FOS/RD and GHRS apertures. The area of overlap in the FGS pickles is roughly 50% of the total FGS area, so this is not an unreasonable hope. We must check each object individually, however, to be sure. Obtaining H-alpha and Ly-alpha in the same orbit has two added advantages over obtaining H-alpha separately from the ground. First, scheduling ground-based observations within a couple of months of the HST observations is all that can be hoped for, rather than within minutes as using FOS/RD will achieve. Secondly, the superior spatial resolution of HST will produce a spectrum with much less starlight contamination than a ground-based spectrum would have, making the broad H-alpha flux measurement more accurate. Fixed_Targets Target_Number: 1 Target_Name: MRK1018 Alternate_Names: UM393,UGC1597 Description: GALAXY,SEYFERT, Position: RA=02H 06M 16.01S +/- 0.5", DEC=-00D 17' 29.6" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=0086 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.04237 RA_PM: Dec_PM: Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: F(4500) = 2.3e-15 F(6800) = 1.3e-15 V = 15.75+/-0.15 B-V = 0.00+/-0.15 E(B-V) = 0.00 F-LINE(6563)=412+/-80e-15 W-LINE(6563)=100+/-20 Comments: The continuum fluxes at 4500 and 6800 are starlight- subtracted, and are what we used to estimate BIN/ACQ exposures, using starmag=15.75, power=0.62. We do *not* use the V and B-V magnitudes, since they are integrated over the whole galaxy profile, and are starlight-dominated. Target_Number: 2 Target_Name: NGC2622 Alternate_Names: MRK1218 Description: GALAXY,SEYFERT, Position: RA=08H 38M 10.98S +/- 0.5", DEC=+24D 53' 43.0" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=0388 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.02851 RA_PM: Dec_PM: Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: F(4500) = 1.16e-15 F(6800) = 1.22e-15 B = 16.20+/-0.19 E(B-V) = 0.01 F-LINE(6563)=451+/-90e-15 W-LINE(6563)=100+/-20 Comments: The continuum fluxes at 4500 and 6800 are starlight- subtracted, and are what we used to estimate BIN/ACQ exposures, using starmag=16.2, power=2.12. Target_Number: 3 Target_Name: MRK728 Alternate_Names: Description: GALAXY,SEYFERT, Position: RA=11H 01M 01.78S +/- 0.5", DEC=+11D 02' 48.4" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=0258 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.03565 RA_PM: Dec_PM: Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: F(4500) = 0.27e-15 F(7400) = 0.3e-15 V = 17.7+/-0.02 B-V = -0.63+/-0.60 E(B-V) = 0.00 F-LINE(6563)=164+/-30e-15 W-LINE(6563)=100+/-20 Comments: The continuum fluxes at 4500 and 7400 are starlight- subtracted, and are what we used to estimate BIN/ACQ exposures, using starmag=17.7, power=2.21. Target_Number: 4 Target_Name: MRK423 Alternate_Names: Description: GALAXY,SEYFERT, Position: RA=11H 26M 48.52S +/- 0.5", DEC=+35D 15' 03.1" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=01PU Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.03217 RA_PM: Dec_PM: Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: F(4500) = 1.65e-15 F(7400) = 1.25e-15 V = 15.95+/-0.02 B-V = 0.49 E(B-V) = 0.00 F-LINE(6563)=188+/-40e-15 W-LINE(6563)=100+/-20 Comments: The continuum fluxes at 4500 and 7400 are starlight- subtracted, and are what we used to estimate BIN/ACQ exposures, using starmag=15.95, power=1.44. Target_Number: 5 Target_Name: NGC3786 Alternate_Names: UGC6621 Description: GALAXY,SEYFERT, Position: RA=11H 39M 42.57S +/- 0.5", DEC=+31D 54' 33.4" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=01TE Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.00891 RA_PM: Dec_PM: Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: F(4500) = 16.8e-15 F(6800) = 1.05e-15 V = 13.6+/-0.02 B-V = -0.50+/-0.18 E(B-V) = 0.00 F-LINE(6563)=1080+/-40e-15 W-LINE(6563)=100+/-20 Comments: These are *not* starlight-subtracted, and to account for this we increased the estimated BIN/ACQ exposure times by a factor of two. The parameters used were starmag=13.6, power=0.86 (before increasing the exposure by x2). Target_Number: 6 Target_Name: UGC7064 Alternate_Names: Description: GALAXY,SEYFERT, Position: RA=12H 04M 43.36S +/- 2", DEC=+31D 10' 38.1" +/- 2", PLATE-ID=00DJ Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.02498 RA_PM: Dec_PM: Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: F(4500) = 1.45e-15 F(6800) = 1.05e-15 B = 16.1+/-0.19 E(B-V) = 0.00 F-LINE(6563)=78+/-15e-15 W-LINE(6563)=100+/-20 Comments: The continuum fluxes at 4500 and 6800 are starlight- subtracted, and are what we used to estimate BIN/ACQ exposures, using starmag=16.1, power=1.22. Target_Number: 7 Target_Name: MRK883 Alternate_Names: VV807 Description: GALAXY,SEYFERT, Position: RA=16H 29M 52.85S +/- 0.5", DEC=+24D 26' 38.2" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=02BA Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.03750 RA_PM: Dec_PM: Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: F(4500) = 1.2e-15 F(6800) = 0.7e-15 V = 16.5+/-0.2 E(B-V) = 0.03 F-LINE(6563)=187+/-40e-15 W-LINE(6563)=100+/-20 Comments: The continuum fluxes at 4500 and 6800 are starlight- subtracted, and are what we used to estimate BIN/ACQ exposures, using starmag=16.5, power=0.69. Target_Number: 8 Target_Name: MRK516 Alternate_Names: Description: GALAXY,SEYFERT, Position: RA=21H 56M 22.26S +/- 0.5", DEC=+07D 22' 00.4" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=02BV Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.02913 RA_PM: Dec_PM: Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: F(4800) = 0.55e-15 F(6800) = 0.5e-15 B = 17.1+/-0.3 E(B-V) = 0.04 F-LINE(6563)=32+/-6e-15 W-LINE(6563)=100+/-20 Comments: The continuum fluxes at 4800 and 6800 are starlight- subtracted, and are what we used to estimate BIN/ACQ exposures, using starmag=17.1, power=1.73. Solar_System_Targets Generic_Targets Scan_Data Visits Visit_Number: 01 Visit_Requirements: On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: MRK1018 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/BINARY Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 Comments: Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: MRK1018 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G780H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 240S Special_Requirements: MAX DUR 100% Comments: H-alpha exposure Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: MRK1018 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G140L Wavelength: 1290 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1033.6S Special_Requirements: Comments: Ly-alpha exposure. Note that the 9M charged to acquiring a new GS for the HRS is a bug...this will actucally go into the HRS exposure. REQUIRES manual merge in TRANS Visit_Number: 02 Visit_Requirements: On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: NGC2622 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/BINARY Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 10S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 Comments: Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: NGC2622 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G780H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 240S Special_Requirements: MAX DUR 100% Comments: H-alpha exposure Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: NGC2622 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G140L Wavelength: 1290 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1033.6S Special_Requirements: Comments: Ly-alpha exposure. Note that the 9M charged to acquiring a new GS for the HRS is a bug...this will actucally go into the HRS exposure. REQUIRES manual merge in TRANS Visit_Number: 03 Visit_Requirements: On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: MRK728 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/BINARY Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 36S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 Comments: Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: MRK728 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G780H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 240S Special_Requirements: MAX DUR 100% Comments: H-alpha exposure Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: MRK728 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G140L Wavelength: 1290 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 924.8S Special_Requirements: Comments: Ly-alpha exposure. Note that the 9M charged to acquiring a new GS for the HRS is a bug...this will actucally go into the HRS exposure. REQUIRES manual merge in TRANS. Visit_Number: 04 Visit_Requirements: On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: MRK423 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/BINARY Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 6S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 Comments: Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: MRK423 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G780H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 240S Special_Requirements: MAX DUR 100% Comments: H-alpha exposure Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: MRK423 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G140L Wavelength: 1290 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1033.6S Special_Requirements: Comments: Ly-alpha exposure. Note that the 9M charged to acquiring a new GS for the HRS is a bug...this will actucally go into the HRS exposure. REQUIRES manual merge in TRANS. Visit_Number: 05 Visit_Requirements: On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: NGC3786 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/BINARY Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 Comments: Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: NGC3786 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G780H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 240S Special_Requirements: MAX DUR 100% Comments: H-alpha exposure Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: NGC3786 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G140L Wavelength: 1290 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1060.8S Special_Requirements: Comments: Ly-alpha exposure. Note that the 9M charged to acquiring a new GS for the HRS is a bug...this will actucally go into the HRS exposure. REQUIRES manual merge in TRANS. Visit_Number: 06 Visit_Requirements: On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: UGC7064 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/BINARY Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 6S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 Comments: Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: UGC7064 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G780H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 240S Special_Requirements: MAX DUR 100% Comments: H-alpha exposure Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: UGC7064 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G140L Wavelength: 1290 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1060.8S Special_Requirements: Comments: Ly-alpha exposure. Note that the 9M charged to acquiring a new GS for the HRS is a bug...this will actucally go into the HRS exposure. REQUIRES manual merge in TRANS. Visit_Number: 07 Visit_Requirements: On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: MRK883 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/BINARY Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 7S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 Comments: Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: MRK883 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G780H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 240S Special_Requirements: MAX DUR 100% Comments: H-alpha exposure Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: MRK883 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G140L Wavelength: 1290 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1033.6S Special_Requirements: Comments: Ly-alpha exposure. Note that the 9M charged to acquiring a new GS for the HRS is a bug...this will actucally go into the HRS exposure. REQUIRES manual merge in TRANS. Visit_Number: 08 Visit_Requirements: On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: MRK516 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/BINARY Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 18S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 Comments: Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: MRK516 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G780H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 240S Special_Requirements: MAX DUR 100% Comments: H-alpha exposure Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: MRK516 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G140L Wavelength: 1290 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 924.8S Special_Requirements: Comments: Ly-alpha exposure. Note that the 9M charged to acquiring a new GS for the HRS is a bug...this will actucally go into the HRS exposure. REQUIRES manual merge in TRANS. Data_Distribution ! 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