! Proposal 6673, submission 2 ! PI: Dr. Stefi Baum ! Received Tue Dec 17 11:07:37 EST 1996 ! From: odea@stsci.edu ! Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 6 (1996) Phase II Proposal Template ! $Id: 6673,v 8.1 1997/01/24 22:37:39 pepsa Exp $ ! Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 6 (1996) Phase II Proposal Template ! $Id: 6673,v 8.1 1997/01/24 22:37:39 pepsa Exp $ ! ! Refer to the HST Phase II Proposal Instructions to fill this out ! ! Anything after a "!" is ignored, and may be deleted ! ! All keywords with multiple entries are comma delimited except the ! Visit_Requirements and Special_Requirements keywords which can be ! delimited with carriage returns or semi-colons, but not commas ! ! For help call your Program Coordinator: Sleiman ! Phone: 410-338-4753 , E-mail: sleiman@stsci.edu ! ! This partially completed template was generated from a Phase I proposal. ! Name of Phase I Proposal: archive-0726.baum.prop ! Date generated: Fri Dec 22 18:19:01 EST 1995 ! Proposal_Information ! Section 4 Title: Black Holes and Gas Disks in a Complete Sample of Radio Loud UGC Ellipticals Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: AGN Cycle: 6 Investigators PI_name: Dr. Stefi Baum PI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute CoI_Name: Dr. Jacqueline van Gorkom CoI_Institution: Columbia University Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Dr. Tim de Zeeuw CoI_Institution: Leiden University Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Dr. Chris O'Dea CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Dr. John Hutchings CoI_Institution: Dominion Astrophyiscal Observatory Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Dr. James Condon CoI_Institution: National Radio Astronomy Observatory Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Dr. Joan Wrobel CoI_Institution: National Radio Astronomy Observatory Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) Abstract: ! Free format text (please update) We propose to obtain WFPC2 images in HAlpha and two broad-band colours of a complete sample of very nearby (d ~ 50 Mpc) radio--loud galaxies. With these data, we will be able to (1) determine the luminosity profiles and stellar populations on the tens of parsec scale; (2) detect nuclear regions or disks of gas and dust. Our data will be compared with the wealth of similar data on nearby normal elliptical galaxies in the HST archive. Existing HST images of nearby normal and powerful 3CR galaxies suggest that we should detect central gas and disks in the majority (>50\%) of our sample. We will later use STIS for efficient mapping of the kinematics and excitation state of the gaseous disks identified in our imaging study. Such kinematic followup observations should allow us both to `weigh' the central black hole masses in our sample and to look for kinematic clues as to why some central objects are active. The excellent comparisons possible between our radio- -loud sample and similar studies of nearby radio--quiet ellipticals and lenticulars should provide a powerful statistical means for separating the processes associated with normal galaxy evolution from those responsible for the nuclear activity. Large statistical studies of this kind are crucial to understanding central black holes and their relationship with nuclear activity and galaxy evolution. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: We have established a complete sample of 21 nearby powerful radio galaxies. Our complete sample is defined as all E/So galaxies with recessional velocities less than 7000 km/sec in the Condon and Broderick sample (1989). The median redshift of distance of the sources in our HST sample is only ~ 50 MPC, allowing us to resolve structures on the tens of parsec scale. Five of these sources (M84, M87, NGC 4621, 3C264, and NGC7052) have been observed already by or will be observed by HST (in Cycle 5) in narrow band and broad band images with sufficient sensitivity to obtain the goals of this proposal. We note the amazingly successful results from the existing HST observations on these objects; our project is to extend this kind of work to an additional 16 objects to fill out the complete sample of 21 sources. The Condon & Broderick sample from which our sample has been selected is defined as follows; all UGC galaxies with (1) optical major axis diameter > 1', (2) flux density > 25 mJy at 1.4 GHz, (3) 5 < dec. < 75 deg, and (4) ``monster'' rather than ``starburst'' energy source as discerned from the IRAS/radio flux ratio, as described in Condon & Broderick (1989). Our sources have total emission line fluxes in HAlpha plus NII in the range 5 * 10^-15 - 10^-14 erg/s/cm^2, and typical peak emission line surface brightnesses (at 1" resolution) of a few times 10^- 15 ergs/s/cm^2/arcs^2. Assuming 57 minute visibility for our targets, we plan to structure the two orbits in each target visit as follows. First orbit: 7.5 min GS acq, 10 min V band exposure (CR-SPLIT) + 5 min overhead, 10 min I band exposure (CR-SPLIT) + 5 min overhead, 14 min Narrow band exposure (not CR-SPLIT) + 3 min overhead. Second orbit: 6 min GS reacq, three 14 min narrow band or LRF exposures (not CR-SPLIT) + 9 min overhead. This gives total exposures of 10 min each in the broad band filters and 56 minutes in the narrow band or LRF filter. The redshift range of our sample puts the H Alpha\ line in either the linear ramp filter FR680P15 or the narrow band filters F658N and F673N which have similar throughput. A sample signal-to-noise calculation is as follows for H Alpha\ in the F673N filter on the WFC. Sky counts are 0.002 e- s\mone\ pixel\mone. Dark counts are 0.005 e- s\mone\ pixel\mone. Galaxy continuum counts are 0.21 e- s\mone\ pixel\mone\ for a surface brightness at V of 18 mag arcsec\mtwo. Thus the galaxy continuum dominates the background rather than readnoise or dark current. The counts from HAlpha + NII are 0.058 e- s\mone\ pixel\mone\ for an H Alpha\ + NII surface brightness of 3.0* 10^-15 ergs s\mone cm\mtwo arcsec\mtwo. The signal-to-noise ratio in 56 minutes is 6.3. Since the wavelength range of interest falls on the PC1 for the linear ramp filter, the signal-to-noise per pixel is initially lower than for the WFC observations. However since the noise is dominated by the galaxy continuum we can rebin post-observation to recover the same sensitivity as for the F673N observations in the WFC. We note that such long integration times are necessary to image the emission line `disks' in the centers of even active galaxies; snapshot observations such as those obtained of the 3CR through LRF filters are more than a factor of 6 less sensitive than these observations, and while they can detect very bright regions photo-ionized by the very active AGN or jet/gas interaction regions, they are not sufficiently sensitive for the work proposed here. For the galaxy continuum we plan observations in the F555W and F804W. These filters were chosen to enable comparisons with the existing and planned data on normal galaxies in the HST archive (which predominantly utilize these filters). These filters give good, sensitive coverage at two colours and we will use the images both for direct science and to subtract the continuum from the narrow band filter. A sample calculation through the F555W filter for our galaxies predicts that the count rate will be 5.4 e- s\mone\ pixel\mone. The sky in the F555W filter gives 0.051 e- s\mone\ pixel\mone. Thus the galaxy continuum completely dominates the sky, dark counts, and read noise. The signal-to -noise in 10 minutes is 56. Real_Time_Justification: None. Since our HST subsample is a statistical subset of the complete sample, we should be able to use ground based data on the complete sample to aid in the interpretation of the HST data. Thus we discuss both the supporting data/planned observations for our HST redshift limited sample and for the more complete sample. We have imaged all these sources using the VLA at 1.5 GHz with 1-2'' resolution. All 21 source in our complete subsample have clearly defined jets. The compact VLA cores of about about half of the larger sample and and even larger fraction of our HST sample are sufficiently strong that they can be easily imaged with the VLBA at 1.7 GHz with about 5 milliarcsecond resolution. We have initiated and are continuing such observations (Wrobel et al., 1996, in preparation); they should allow us to establish the instanteous jet axis on the sub-parsec scale, and, in combination with the VLA images, we can then trace the behaviour and stability of the jet axis to the many kpc scale (or equivalently over timescales of 10^6-7 years). This will provide important new constraints on the physical properties of the dust/gas disks in elliptical galaxies which cannot be obtained from studies of normal galaxies. We have also completed targeted VLA A array HI absorption studies directed at detection of cold gas on the hundred parsec scale which may be fueling the central engine. Such studies will provide important constraints on the mass inflow rate and the disk inclination geometries. In addition to the radio data, there is a wealth of ground-- and space--based data available on the greater sample, and of course, therefore, on the complete HST subsample. Since the sample is composed of bright and nearby galaxies, the vast majority of them were detected by IRAS (Condon Etal\ 1991) and ROSAT. Ground--based optical data on the sample abounds, and we are planning additional ground--based optical data as part of our study, including CFHT emission line images at ~ 0.4" of the complete sample and near-IR CFHT images (Hutchings). Ground based optical data on a well matched comparison sample of radio quiet elliptical galaxies with R, V, and deep H Alpha\ images (Macchetto Etal\ 1994) are already available. Further, and perhaps most importantly, a wealth of similar HST data on normal, radio quiet early type galaxies is being acquired during Cycles 4 and 5 (e.g., proposals 6099 and 5512 (PI Faber), 5419 (Sargent), 4772 (Jaffe), 5375 (Rubin)). The data on nearby ellipticals is already in the archive and becoming public, and making its way into the published literature. In addition, there are a number of programs looking at late type active (and inactive) galaxies as part of Cycle 4 and 5 (e.g., 5375 (Rubin), 5411 (PI Wilson)). We will utilize these data as control samples against which to analyze our own HST data on active early type galaxies. Proposal 5927 (PI Ford) will have obtained narrow band imaging data of comparable sensitivity to the observations here proposed for a small set ( 6) of radio galaxies which have distances typically twice that of our sample during cycle 5; there is no overlap with our proposed program, and, as appropriate, we will use the results from their observations to supplement our findings. Calibration_Justification: ! Move appropriate text from Real_Time_Justification Additional_Comments: Fixed_Targets ! Section 5.1 Target_Number:1 Target_Name:UGC12531 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=23H 20M 42.55S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=8D 13' 0.9" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=0100 ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01139 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=12.16 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:2 Target_Name:UGC09058 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=14H 09M 57.30S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=17D 32' 44.0" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=019M ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01670 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=13.07 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:3 Target_Name:UGC08419 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=13H 23M 45.03S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=31D 33' 56.8" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=009L ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01610 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=14.37 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:4 Target_Name:UGC08433 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=13H 24M 51.44S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=36D 22' 42.5" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=01QW ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01769 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=13.8 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:5 Target_Name:UGC07629 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=12H 29M 46.82S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=08D 00' 01.8" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=01UQ ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.00333 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=09.37 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:6 Target_Name:UGC07455 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=12H 23M 01.91S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=58D 26' 40.5" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=01R1 ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01539 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=13.4 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:7 Target_Name:UGC00408 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=00H 39M 18.57S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=03D 19' 52.4" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=04YC ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01448 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=13.25 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:8 Target_Name:UGC00597 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=00H 57M 48.89S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=30D 21' 08.9" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=02HD ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01653 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=12.2 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:9 Target_Name:UGC00689 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=01H 07M 24.97S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=32D 24' 45.1" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=02HD ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01692 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=13.2 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:10 Target_Name:UGC01004 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=01H 25M 44.27S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=-01D 22' 46.3" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=00WT ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01807 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=13.03 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:11 Target_Name:UGC01413 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=01H 56M 20.99S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=05D 37' 44.1" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=04YF ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01852 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=12.29 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:12 Target_Name:UGC03695 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=07H 09M 08.02S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=48D 36' 55.8" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=036L ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01909 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=13.48 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:13 Target_Name:UGC04862 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=09H 14M 05.10S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=40D 06' 49.6" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=021G ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.00851 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=12.30 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:14 Target_Name:UGC06635 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=11H 40M 16.83S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=17D 43' 41.3" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=019N ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.01085 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=12.96 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:15 Target_Name:UGC01841 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=02H 23M 11.41S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=42D 59' 31.4" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=01WN ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.02121 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=13.96 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: Target_Number:16 Target_Name:UGC05073 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY, Radio Galaxy, Elliptical Position:RA=09H 32M 52.96S +/-0.1S, ! Most common specification format is DEC=67D 37' 02.7" +/- 1", ! RA=0H 0M 0.00S +/- 0S, PLATE-ID=02RH ! DEC=0D 0' 0.0" +/- 0", ! PLATE-ID=0000 Equinox:J2000.0 RV_or_Z:z=0.02272 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux:V=14.05 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: ! This is a template for a single visit containing a single exposure ! Repeat exposure and visit blocks as needed Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number:1 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 ! Uncomment or copy visit level special requirements needed ! Most of these requirements (including ORIENT) will limit scheduling ! PCS MODE [Fine | Gyro] ! GUIDing TOLerance ! DROP TO GYRO IF NECESSARY [NO REACQuisition] ! ORIENTation TO ! ORIENTation TO FROM ! ORIENTation TO FROM NOMINAL ! SAME ORIENTation AS ! CVZ ! PARallel ! SCHEDulability ! AFTER [BY [TO ]] ! AFTER ! BEFORE ! BETWEEN AND ! GROUP WITHIN