! Proposal 6593, submission 1 ! PI: Dr. John Stocke ! Received Mon Feb 5 19:43:01 EST 1996 ! From: spenton@casa.Colorado.EDU ! Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 6 (1996) Phase II Proposal Template ! $Id: 6593,v 6.1 1996/08/09 18:08:04 pepsa Exp $ ! Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 6 (1996) Phase II Proposal Template ! $Id: 6593,v 6.1 1996/08/09 18:08:04 pepsa Exp $ ! ! Refer to the HST Phase II Proposal Instructions to fill this out ! ! Anything after a "!" is ignored, and may be deleted ! ! All keywords with multiple entries are comma delimited except the ! Visit_Requirements and Special_Requirements keywords which can be ! delimited with carriage returns or semi-colons, but not commas ! ! For help call your Program Coordinator: Taylor ! Phone: 410-338-4824 , E-mail: dctaylor@stsci.edu ! ! This partially completed template was generated from a Phase I proposal. ! Name of Phase I Proposal: archive-0522.stocke.prop ! Date generated: Fri Dec 22 18:36:44 EST 1995 ! Proposal_Information ! Section 4 Title: ORIGIN AND PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN THE LOCAL Ly-alpha FOREST Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: QSO ABSORPTION LINES Cycle: 6 Investigators PI_name: Dr. John Stocke PI_Institution: University of Colorado, Boulder CoI_Name: Dr. Michael Shull CoI_Institution: University of Colorado, Boulder Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Mr. Steven Penton CoI_Institution: University of Colorado, Boulder Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Dr. Ray Weymann CoI_Institution: Carnegie Observatories Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Dr. Simon Morris CoI_Institution: Dominion Astrophysical Observatory Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) Abstract: ! Free format text (please update) We propose to use the GHRS+G160M grating to study the local Ly -alpha forest at high spectral resolution to better understand the origin and physical conditions of these clouds and their relationship (if any) to galaxies. Our targets are 7 very bright AGN with cz ~ 10,000 kms. Our program on Ly-alpha clouds differs in 3 important respects from the Absorption- Line Key Project and subsequent GHRS and FOS low-resolution projects: (1) It probes the very low column-density regime of Ly-alpha clouds, which may represent the low-redshift analogs of the very low metallicity high-redshift Ly-alpha clouds; (2) It is restricted to cz < 20,000 kms, allowing detailed ground- based studies of nearby galaxies with spectroscopy, H Alpha imaging, and 21 cm maps to very low luminosities; (3) It yields line profiles (Doppler widths, ionH1 columns, multiple components) at a resolution of ~15 kms (~10 times the FOS resolution) for cloud model discrimination. Our previous GHRS/G160M work showed that, unlike the high column density clouds, the low-N_H Ly-alpha clouds cluster only weakly with galaxies. However, there is no convincing case, among 24 GHRS clouds at cz < 20,000 kms examined thus far, for a cloud/galaxy association within 200 kpc. We detect 3--4 clouds in voids but our current statistics suggest that Ly-alpha clouds ``avoid the voids''. Our proposal will nearly double the number of high S/N Ly-alpha lines, double the number of nearby galaxy halos probed at D <= 750 kpc for weak Ly-alpha lines, and nearly double the pathlength through voids. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: We propose to use the GHRS + G160M to obtain single spectra of 6 bright AGN with moderate redshift and sufficient flux >2 * 10^-14 ergs cm^-2 s^-1 Angstrom to obtain high-quality spectra in <= 10 orbits. The exposure times for these targets required to obtain S/N = 20 (4 Sigma limiting Ly-alpha equivalent width of 40 mAngstrom), range from 2--9 orbits for a total request of 32 orbits. The AGN targets have been chosen on the basis of mean fluxes from the Colorado IUE-AGN database of SWP spectra (Penton, Shull, & Edelson 1994) -- they are the brightest AGN with cz_em > 8000 kms in the sky. We winnowed the list of 10 such targets to the current 7 to maximize the pathlength, minimize the number of HST orbits, and to observe only those targets which STIS will not be more efficient in observing. Since STIS's primary advantage is a much broader wavelength coverage, we propose here only those targets for which the entire pathlength, or the remaining pathlength for Ly-alpha, can be observed with one GHRS/G160M setting. Three of our targets are in the high-efficiency ``continuous viewing zone''. For 5 targets, we will obtain one G160M exposure at ``setting 1'' (1222--1258 Angstrom). The higher AGN redshifts of PKS 2155-304 and Fairall 9 allow us to push out farther in wavelength, with an additional 36 Angstrom setting. PKS 2155-304 and Fairall 9 already have scheduled or completed observations for our program in ``setting 1''. The target Mrk 279 (7 orbits) was chosen because of its extraordinary long pathlength available for Ly -alpha searches through a local void. In Cycles 2 and 4, we chose 4 targets behind voids defined by galaxy survey data, in strips limited in solid angle. For Cycle 6, we will relax the condition that the targets lie behind galaxy redshift survey areas and will conduct our own pencil-beam surveys around each sightline, as was done for 3C 273 (Morris et al. 1993). Real_Time_Justification: None. We will conduct a 1degrees-radius pencil-beam survey of galaxy redshifts around each sightline, at Las Campanas for southern targets and at either CFHT or the WIYN telescope in the north. Each telescope has efficient multi-object spectroscopy capability to allow prompt sensitive surveys. We will also conduct sensitive 21 cm searches for ionH1 potentially associated with the Ly-alpha clouds using the VLA. Although we are aware that the 21 cm transition cannot detect the low column densities detected by our Ly-alpha survey, it is possible to detect higher column density material associated with tidal tails, low surface brightness galaxies, or intergalactic ionH1 clouds (as we have already done in some cases; Carilli et al. 1996). These very nearby systems are the only ones for which ionH1 21 cm emission mapping is feasible for detecting normal or dwarf galaxies; the FOS detected Ly-alpha lines are just too distant. Using Fabry-Perot or narrow-band filters, we can also search for H Alpha emission associated with incipient star formation in related low-surface brightness objects. Calibration_Justification: ! Move appropriate text from Real_Time_Justification Additional_Comments: Fixed_Targets ! Section 5.1 Target_Number: 1 Target_Name: MARK817 Alternate_Names: 1434+590 Description: Galaxy, Seyfert Position: RA=14H 36M 22.068S +/- 0.1S, DEC=58D 47' 39.386" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=01RR Equinox: 2000 RV_or_Z: Z=0.033 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: V=13.79+/-0.1,B-V=0.40+/-0.1 Comments: Target_Number: 2 Target_Name: ESO141-G55 Alternate_Names: 1916-584 Description: Galaxy, Seyfert Position: RA=19H 21M 14.287S +/- 0.1S, DEC=-58D 40' 14.869" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=03D3 Equinox: 2000 RV_or_Z: Z=0.037 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: V=13.64+/-0.1,B-V=0.19+/-0.1 Comments: Target_Number: 3 Target_Name: MARK279 Alternate_Names: 1351+69 Description: Galaxy, Seyfert Position: RA=13H 53M 03.447S +/- 0.1S, DEC=69D 18' 29.567" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=0001 Equinox: 2000 RV_or_Z: Z=0.031 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: V=14.46+/-0.1,B-V=0.69+/-0.1 Comments: Target_Number: 4 Target_Name: FAIRALL9 Alternate_Names: Q0121-590 Description: Galaxy, Quasar Position: RA=01H 23M 45.705S +/- 0.1S, DEC=-58D 48' 21.580" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=02IB Equinox: 2000 RV_or_Z: Z=0.047 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: V=13.83+/-0.1,B-V=0.43+/-0.1 Comments: Target_Number: 5 Target_Name: PKS2155-304 Alternate_Names: 2155-304 Description: Galaxy, BL Lac Position: RA=21H 58M 52.02S +/- 0.3S, DEC=-30D 13' 32.300" +/- 3.0", PLATE-ID=02J3 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z=0.1165 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: V=13.09+/-0.1,B-V=0.27+/-0.1 Comments: Target_Number: 6 Target_Name: AKN120 Alternate_Names: MARK1095 Description: Galaxy, Seyfert Position: RA=05H 16M 11.421S +/- 0.1S, DEC=-00D 08' 59.377" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=01O3 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z=0.033 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: V=13.92+/-0.1,B-V=0.38+/-0.1 Comments: Target_Number: 7 Target_Name: MARK509 Alternate_Names: Q2041-310 Description: Galaxy, Quasar Position: RA=20H 44M 9.759S +/- 0.1S, DEC=-10D 43' 24.500" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=00E1 Equinox: 2000 RV_or_Z: Z=0.035 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: V=13.12+/-0.1,B-V=0.23+/-0.1 Comments: ! This is a template for a single visit containing a single exposure ! Repeat exposure and visit blocks as needed Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 1 Visit_Requirements: CVZ ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: MARK817-CVZ-5 ORBITS Exposure_Number: 10 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK817 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 13.5S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 11-13 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.5S Exposure_Number: 11 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK817 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 14 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, Part I, 14 x 680S, 31S unused Exposure_Number: 12 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK817 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 13 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1,Part II, 13 x 680S, 31s unused Exposure_Number: 13 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK817 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 12 Time_Per_Exposure: 707.2S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1,Part III, 12 x 707.2S Visit_Number: 2 Visit_Requirements: CVZ ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: E141-G55_CVZ-3_ORBITS Exposure_Number: 20 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: ESO141-G55 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 13.5S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 21-22 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.5S Exposure_Number: 21 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: ESO141-G55 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 11 Time_Per_Exposure: 707.2S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, 3 CVZ orbits , complete , 39s unused Exposure_Number: 22 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: ESO141-G55 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 11 Time_Per_Exposure: 707.2S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, 3 CVZ orbits , complete , 39s unused Visit_Number: 3 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: MARK279_7ORBITS Exposure_Number: 30 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK279 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 13.5S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 31-34 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.5S Exposure_Number: 31 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK279 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 9 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, 7 orbits, Part I, 9 x 680 S, 33S unused Exposure_Number: 32 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK279 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 9 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, Part II, 9x680S, 33S unused Exposure_Number: 33 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK279 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 9 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, Part III, 9x680S, 33S unused Exposure_Number: 34 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK279 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 2 Time_Per_Exposure: 761.6S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, Part IV, 2 x 761.6, 33S unused Visit_Number: 4 Visit_Requirements: CVZ ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: FAIRALL9_4_CVZ_ORBITS Exposure_Number: 40 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: FAIRALL9 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 13.5S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 41-42 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.5S Exposure_Number: 41 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: FAIRALL9 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1237.0 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 23 Time_Per_Exposure: 625.6S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#0, 4 CVZ orbits, 23x23 (10.42m), 56s unused Exposure_Number: 42 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: FAIRALL9 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1257.5 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 11 Time_Per_Exposure: 625.6S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1.5, 4 CVZ orbits, 11x23 (10.42m), 56s unused Visit_Number: 5 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: PKS2155-304_3_ORBITS Exposure_Number: 50 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: PKS2155-304 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 13.5S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 51-52 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.5S Exposure_Number: 51 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: PKS2155-304 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1276.0 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 6 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#2, 3 orbits, Part I, 6 x 680 S, 24S unused Exposure_Number: 52 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: PKS2155-304 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1276.0 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 5 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#2, 3 orbits, Part II, 5 x 680 S, 24S unused Visit_Number: 6 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: AKN120_8ORBITS Exposure_Number: 60 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: AKN120 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 13.5S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 61-64 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.5S Exposure_Number: 61 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: AKN120 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240.0 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 9 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, Part I, 9*680, 8 orbits, 17s unused Exposure_Number: 62 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: AKN120 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240.0 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 9 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, Part II, 9x680, 8 orbits, 17s unused Exposure_Number: 63 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: AKN120 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 9 Time_Per_Exposure: 680S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, Part III, 9*680S, 8 orbits Exposure_Number: 64 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: AKN120 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1240.0 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 4 Time_Per_Exposure: 652.8S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#1, Part IV, 4*652.8, 8 orbits Visit_Number: 7 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: MARK509_2ORBITS Exposure_Number: 70 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK509 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 13.5S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 71 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.5S Exposure_Number: 71 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARK509 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: G160M Wavelength: 1237.0 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=NO,DOPPLER=ON,STEP-PATT=5 Number_of_Iterations: 7 Time_Per_Exposure: 652.8S Special_Requirements: Comments: SETTING#0, 2 orbits, complete, 45 sec unused Data_Distribution ! Defaults indicated; change if desired Medium: 8MM ! 8MM or 6250BPI or 1600BPI Blocking_Factor: 10 ! 10 or 1 ! Only astronomers with very old 9- ! track tape drives should consider ! a blocking factor of 1 Ship_To: PI_Address ! STSCI or PI_Address or ! PI Address from Phase I is: ! ! CASA--Campus Box 389 ! Boulder ! 80309-0389 ! ! Ship_Via: UPS ! UPS (2-day) or OVERNIGHT ! Overnight shipping done at PI expense Recipient_Email: ! Needed if Ship_To: is not PI_Address ! ! Let us know what you think of this template and software! ! Please send a list of your likes and dislikes to your Program Coordinator