! Proposal 6581, submission 2 ! PI: Marc Postman ! Received Wed Mar 20 11:43:06 EST 1996 ! From: sleiman@stsci.edu ! +====================+ ! | PED OUTPUT PRODUCT | ! +====================+ ! ! /landru/data3/hstcyc6/hizclus/6581.prop ! Generated by PREPROCESSOR, version 6.0e ! Date: Wed Jan 31 14:33:34 EST 1996 Proposal_Information Title: Morphology and Photometry of Galaxies in Optically Selected High Redshift Clusters Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: GALAXIES & CLUSTERS Cycle: 6 Investigators PI_Name: Marc Postman PI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute CoI_Name: James E. Gunn CoI_Institution: Princeton University Contact: CoI_Name: John G. Hoessel CoI_Institution: University of Wisconsin Contact: CoI_Name: Lori Lubin CoI_Institution: Observatories of the Carnegie Institute of Washington Contact: CoI_Name: J. Beverley Oke CoI_Institution: Dominion Astrophysical Observatory Contact: CoI_Name: Donald Schneider CoI_Institution: Penn State University Contact: Abstract: We are requesting deep, broad-band red WFPC2 images of eight distant clusters (0.55 < z ~less 1.1) to analyze the morphological characteristics of the cluster members. The high angular resolution imagery of HST, combined with our extensive ground based u,v,B,g,V,R,I,z photometry and spectroscopy, will allow the measurement of the morphological fractions in distant clusters as functions of redshift, color, spectral features, galaxy density, and global cluster properties such as core radius and ellipticity. We will study the spectral and rest-frame UV properties of the cluster galaxies as a function of morphological type in order to constrain the evolution of structural parameters of the cluster galaxies, the origin of the morphological segregation of galaxies, and the epoch of galaxy and cluster formation. The cluster sample has been selected objectively from large area optical/near IR ground based surveys. The proposal team has committed a significant amount of time on ground based telescopes for on--going spectroscopic data acquisition that will compliment the HST observations. We have developed and tested algorithms for performing objective measurements of galaxy morphology that will be applied to the data. Questions Observing_Description: def\\rt#1 #1 def\\lft#1#1 def #1 #1 def\\mid#1 -20pt plus 1000pt#1 -20pt plus 1000pt 20pt centerline #& #& #& # noalign\\medskip \\medskip Cluster & midz & HST Cycle & Exposures noalign\\medskip \\medskip CL0230+0036 & 0.75 & 6 & 16800 sec (7 orbits) CL0943+4805 & 0.70 & 6 & 16800 sec (7 orbits) CL1325+3009 & 1.06 & 6 & 16800 sec (7 orbits) CL2157+0348 & 0.69 & 6 & 16800 sec (7 orbits) CL0029+0509 & 0.55 & 7 & 14400 sec (6 orbits) CL0226+0118 & 0.80 & 7 & 16800 sec (7 orbits) CL0951+4741 & 0.65 & 7 & 16800 sec (7 orbits) CL1325+3024 & 0.60 & 7 & 14400 sec (6 orbits) noalign\\medskip \\medskip The F702W filter is the most efficient choice for imaging z > 0.6 clusters given the typical spectral energy distribution of the cluster galaxies combined with the relatively high QE and broad bandpass of this filter. We opt against using F814W because the sky background is slightly higher, the QE is slightly lower, and one does not gain a significant signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) improvement given a passively evolving elliptical spectral energy distribution (with significant color evolution or a high spiral fraction, the drive to observe much redward of 8000Angstrom\\ is negated). We will rely on our ground based data for integrated color information. Our exposure time estimates are based on a direct analysis of the WFPC2+F702W HST data of the z = 1.2 3C324 cluster observed by Dickinson (who kindly provided us access to these data). Our desire is to reach a S/N ratio of at least ~5 within the half-light radius of 0.50 L^* galaxies at z ~ 1.0. This requirement is based jointly on the desire to have quality data for a significant number of cluster members and on our estimates of the minimum signal needed to perform reliable measurement of basic morphological characteristics such as the effective radius, compactness parameter, asymmetry, and radial profile. After 16,800 seconds of exposure time, the relationship between S/N ratio and AB magnitude within the half-light radius of galaxies in the 3C324 WFC data is hboxlog_10( S/N)_0.5 ~ -0.413 hboxAB_0.5 + 10.827. Thus, galaxies with AB_0.5 <= 24.52 will typically have S/N >= 5 over their central 80 WFC pixels. This corresponds to the flux a passively evolving 0.50 L^* elliptical galaxy at z = 1.0 would have within its half-light radius (assuming an effective radius of 3h^-1 kpc). Color evolution aids S/N considerations but we want to be conservative to avoid biasing our results. We will, thus, require 7 orbits to perform our analysis on our most distant clusters; 6 orbits for the clusters at z ~less 0.7. These S/N computations are relatively independent of the assumed Hubble constant. We will request offsets of a few WFC-pixels after every 2 orbits to improve rejection of residual hot pixels and other CCD defects. We propose to split our observations over two HST cycles given the expected shorter duration of cycle 6. Real_Time_Justification: No special requirements needed. We have acquired and reduced multiband photometry ( u,v,B, g,V,R,I, z) for the clusters in our HST target list. The photometric data were obtained using the Hale 5m and Keck 10m telescopes. Spectroscopic data for galaxies the clusters are being obtained with the Low-Resolution Imaging Spectrograph at the Keck 10m telescope (Oke & Postman have already had 8 nights of Keck time for this survey). Slit masks are used to obtain between 70 - 100 spectra per cluster field. Schneider and Hoessel will commit significant blocks of their GTO time on the Hobby-Eberly 8m telescope and on the WIYN telescope, respectively, for additional spectroscopic data acquisition. All members of the proposal team have expertise in the fields of galaxy and cluster formation and evolution. Postman and Gunn have developed and tested software for measuring structural parameters and performing morphological classification of galaxies. Calibration_Justification: Additional_Comments: Fixed_Targets Target_Number: 1 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-094339+480446 Alternate_Names: GHO-KP-GAMMA-BETA Description: CLUSTER OF GALAXIES, Position: RA=09H 43M 38.57S +/- 1",DEC=48D 04' 45.5" +/- 1",PLATE-ID=00T8 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.70 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: V = 23 Comments: Gunn, Hoessel, Oke Cluster Target_Number: 2 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-215752+034806 Alternate_Names: GHO-KP-IOTA Description: CLUSTER OF GALAXIES, Position: RA=21H 57M 52.22S +/- 1",DEC=03D 48' 06.3" +/- 1",PLATE-ID=0511 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.70 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: V = 23 Comments: Gunn, Hoessel, Oke Cluster ! Target_Number: 3 ! Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-102402+521419 !Alternate_Names: DR-GRID-098 ! Description: CLUSTER OF GALAXIES, ! Position: RA=10H 24M 2.53S +/- 1",DEC=52D 14' 18.7" +/- 1",PLATE-ID=01RP ! Equinox: J2000 ! RV_or_Z: Z = 0.80 ! RA_PM: 0.0 ! Dec_PM: 0.0 ! Epoch: !Annual_Parallax: 0.0 ! Flux: ! V = 23.5 ! Comments: Postman I-band survey cluster ! ! Target_Number: 3 ! Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-160418+430431 !Alternate_Names: GHO-KPN-DELTA ! Description: CLUSTER OF GALAXIES, ! Position: RA=16H 04M 18.64S +/- 1",DEC=43D 04' 30.7" +/- 1",PLATE-ID=01RZ ! Equinox: J2000 ! RV_or_Z: Z = 0.90 ! RA_PM: 0.0 ! Dec_PM: 0.0 ! Epoch: !Annual_Parallax: 0.0 ! Flux: ! V = 23.5 ! Comments: Gunn, Hoessel, Oke cluster Target_Number: 3 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-160429+432135 Alternate_Names: GHO-KPN-EPSILON Description: CLUSTER OF GALAXIES, Position: RA=16H 04M 29.45S +/- 1",DEC=43D 21' 35.4" +/- 1",PLATE-ID=01RZ Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.90 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: V = 23.5 Comments: Gunn, Hoessel, Oke cluster Target_Number: 4 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-132518+300939 Alternate_Names: PDCS-SUPCL-014 Description: CLUSTER OF GALAXIES, Position: RA=13H 25M 18.22S +/- 1",DEC=30D 09' 38.5" +/- 1",PLATE-ID=009L Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: Z = 1.06 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: V = 23.8 Comments: Gunn, Hoessel, Oke Cluster Solar_System_Targets Generic_Targets Scan_Data Visits Visit_Number: 01 Visit_Requirements: ORIENT 185D TO 10D On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Rotate U3 axis between 185D and 10D east of north Exposure_Number: 101 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-094339+480446 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2800S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 102 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-094339+480446 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 3 Time_Per_Exposure: 2900S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 103 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-094339+480446 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 3 Time_Per_Exposure: 2900S Special_Requirements: POS TARG 0.50,0.50 Comments: Visit_Number: 02 Visit_Requirements: ORIENT 215D TO 275D On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Rotate U3 axis between 215D and 275D east of north Exposure_Number: 201 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-215752+034806 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2600S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 202 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-215752+034806 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 3 Time_Per_Exposure: 2700S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 203 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-215752+034806 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 3 Time_Per_Exposure: 2700S Special_Requirements: POS TARG 0.50,0.50 Comments: Visit_Number: 03 Visit_Requirements: ORIENT 200D TO 20D On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Rotate U3 axis between 200D and 20D east of north Exposure_Number: 301 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-160429+432135 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2700S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 302 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-160429+432135 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 3 Time_Per_Exposure: 2800S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 303 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-160429+432135 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F702W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 3 Time_Per_Exposure: 2800S Special_Requirements: POS TARG 0.50,0.50 Comments: ! Visit_Number: 03 !Visit_Requirements: ! ORIENT 220D TO 250D ! On_Hold_Comments: ! Visit_Comments: Rotate U3 axis between 220D and 250D east of north ! ! Exposure_Number: 301 ! Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-102402+521419 ! Config: WFPC2 ! Opmode: IMAGE ! Aperture: WFALL-FIX ! Sp_Element: F702W ! Wavelength: ! Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO !Number_of_Iterations: 1 ! Time_Per_Exposure: 2800S !Special_Requirements: ! Comments: ! ! Exposure_Number: 302 ! Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-102402+521419 ! Config: WFPC2 ! Opmode: IMAGE ! Aperture: WFALL-FIX ! Sp_Element: F702W ! Wavelength: ! Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO !Number_of_Iterations: 3 ! Time_Per_Exposure: 2900S !Special_Requirements: ! Comments: ! ! Exposure_Number: 303 ! Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-102402+521419 ! Config: WFPC2 ! Opmode: IMAGE ! Aperture: WFALL-FIX ! Sp_Element: F702W ! Wavelength: ! Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO !Number_of_Iterations: 3 ! Time_Per_Exposure: 2900S !Special_Requirements: ! POS TARG 0.50,0.50 ! Comments: Visit_Number: 04 Visit_Requirements: ORIENT 295D TO 340D On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Rotate U3 axis between 295D and 340D east of north Exposure_Number: 401 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-132518+300939 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2600S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 402 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-132518+300939 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 3 Time_Per_Exposure: 2700S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 403 Target_Name: GAL-CLUS-132518+300939 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: WFALL-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 3 Time_Per_Exposure: 2700S Special_Requirements: POS TARG 0.50,0.50 Comments: Data_Distribution ! 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