! +====================+ ! | PED OUTPUT PRODUCT | ! +====================+ ! ! /yon/data1/nkede/proposals/6094.prop ! Generated by PREPROCESSOR, version 6.5f ! Date: Tue Nov 05 14:58:00 EST 1996 Proposal_Information Title: Kinematics of Nuclear Gas Disks in Nearby Radio Galaxies Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: AGN Cycle: 5 Investigators PI_Name: Gary Bower PI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute CoI_Name: Andrew Wilson CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: CoI_Name: Douglas Richstone CoI_Institution: University of Michigan Contact: CoI_Name: Timothy Heckman CoI_Institution: Johns Hopkins University Contact: Abstract: Detection of supermassive black holes (BHs) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is one of the grand challenges that HST was designed to meet. NGC 4374 = M84 = 3C272.1, as one of the three nearest radio galaxies, is an ideal object for a BH search. Ground-based imaging and spectroscopy have revealed a nuclear disk of ionized gas whose rotation axis is well- aligned with the radio jet axis. The velocity gradient across the central part of the disk is unresolved from the ground (> 100 km s^-1 arcsec^-1), suggesting the presence of > 2 * 10^8 M_odot within a radius of 75 pc. Combining ground-based data on the stellar dynamics with archival HST images also suggests a large mass-to-light ratio in the nucleus. In this proposal we request time to determine the kinematics of the nuclear disk in NGC 4374 within the central 0 sec point 5 in order to determine if a BH is present. Measurements such as these require only a modest investment of HST time and (when combined with more painstaking observations of the stellar dynamics in a few key AGNs) may ultimately allow us to use HST to measure the BH mass function in radio-loud and radio-quiet AGNs in the local universe. Knowing the BH distribution among these populations of AGNs may constrain models for the generation of energy in these enigmatic objects. Questions Observing_Description: Observations proposed include PC images (continuum and HAlpha + N II) and FOS spectroscopy in the nuclear region with the 0.3 (0sec point 26) aperture, whose physical size at NGC 4374 is 19 pc. Obtaining the PC images first would be necessary to confirm the position angle of the gas disk at very small radii and to obtain more accurate photometry. These are needed to determine the proper telescope pointing and exposure times for the FOS exposures, which are only approximated below. The continuum images would also provide the luminosity profile, which is needed to input into the kinematical models. Estimates of the PC count rate can be determined from N_e = 2.5 * 10^11 t <=ft int Q(Lambda)T(Lambda) d Lambda / Lambda right * 10^-0.4(V + AB_Nu), where V+AB_Nu can be related to F_Nu (Burrows et al. 1994). Although the archival HST V image provides a reliable estimate of the count rate in F547M, we assume that the emission-line intensity given in Table 1 is distributed uniformly over the central 1'' in order to estimate the emission-line count rates for both images and spectra. Thus although we express the count rate for F658N in e^- s^-1 pix^ -1, this is actually the average expected over this region. The F439W exposures are required to obtain color information needed to (1) constrain the mass to light ratio M/L of the stellar population; (2) correct for the presence of any obscuration; and (3) provide a more accurate measurement of the nuclear stellar density through improved removal of the weak AGN point source, which should be bluer than the stars. defundertext#1 smashvphantomy #1 = 5em plus5em minus5em vbox defssrule defmsrule medskip defmmrule medskip medskip Newdimen setbox0= 0 =wd0 `?=active def?kern Real_Time_Justification: Spectra of the internal wavelength calibration source would be obtained after each object spectrum, since the FOS instrument scientist informs us that the error in the grating position is significant compared to the small size of this aperture. We will measure the stellar kinematics from ground-based spectroscopy using the Michigan Dartmouth MIT (MDM) 2.4 m and long-slit spectrograph. We have already obtained long-slit spectra of M81 and NGC 4151 (in support of HST program GO- 5433) with this telescope during conditions of 1sec point 0 seeing. One of us (DOR) has guaranteed access to this telescope. Complimentary ground-based spectra are needed to provide the stellar kinematics with resolution of 1'' to compare to the gas kinematics measured by Baum et al. (1990). If the <= 50 km s^-1 stellar rotation rate measured by Davies & Birkinshaw (1988) (2''-3'' seeing) at R >= 2'' extends closer to the nucleus, this suggests that the gas and stellar distributions may have different geometries. Calibration_Justification: Spectra of the internal wavelength calibration source would be obtained after each object spectrum, since the FOS instrument scientist informs us that the error in the grating position is significant compared to the small size of this aperture. Additional_Comments: IMPORTANT: THE WFPC2 IMAGES IN THIS PROGRAM MUST BE Fixed_Targets Target_Number: 1 Target_Name: NGC4374 Alternate_Names: M84 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY, Position: RA=12H 25M 3.65S +/- 0.1S,DEC=12D 53' 14.2" +/- 0.5",PLATE-ID=00IY Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.2+/-0.2 B-V = 0.98+/-0.1 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 SURF-LINE(6563)=2.0+/-0.2e-16 W-LINE(6563)=10.0+/-1.0 SURF-LINE(6583)=3.7+/-0.4e-16 W-LINE(6583)=10.0+/-1.0 SURF-LINE(6548)=1.2+/-0.1e-16 W-LINE(6548)=10.0+/-1.0 SIZE=1.0+/-0.2 E(B-V) = 0.04+/-0.04 Comments: No flux information available for [O III] 5007. Target_Number: 2 Target_Name: NGC4374-NUC Alternate_Names: M84-NUC Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY Position: RA=12H 25M 3.73S +/- 0.1S,DEC=12D 53' 12.91" +/- 0.5",PLATE-ID=00IY Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 15.6+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 3 Target_Name: NGC4374-POS1 Alternate_Names: M84-POS1 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY Position: R=0.26",PA=59D,FROM 2 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.2+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 4 Target_Name: NGC4374-POS2 Alternate_Names: M84-POS2 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY Position: R=0.26",PA=239D,FROM 2 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.2+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 5 Target_Name: NGC4374-POS3 Alternate_Names: M84-POS3 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY Position: R=0.52",PA=59D,FROM 2 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.3+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 6 Target_Name: NGC4374-POS4 Alternate_Names: M84-POS4 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY Position: R=0.52",PA=239D,FROM 2 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.4+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 12 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-NUC Alternate_Names: M84-NUC Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY, Position: RA=12H 25M 3.73S +/- 0.1S,DEC=12D 53' 12.66" +/- 0.5",PLATE-ID=00IY Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 15.6+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 13 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-POS1 Alternate_Names: M84-POS1 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY, Position: R=0.26",PA=59D,FROM 12 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.2+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 14 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-POS2 Alternate_Names: M84-POS2 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY, Position: R=0.26",PA=239D,FROM 12 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.2+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 15 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-POS3 Alternate_Names: M84-POS3 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY, Position: R=0.52",PA=59D,FROM 12 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.3+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 16 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-POS4 Alternate_Names: M84-POS4 Description: GALAXY,ELLIPTICAL,RADIO GALAXY, Position: R=0.52",PA=239D,FROM 12 Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = 910 RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: SURF(V) = 16.4+/-0.2 V-I = 1.7+/-0.2 Comments: Target_Number: 20 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Alternate_Names: GSC0879-00415 Description: CALIBRATION,ASTROMETRIC, Position: RA=12H 24M 59.09S +/- 0.05S,DEC=12D 52' 40.2" +/- 0.3",PLATE-ID=00IY Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: RA_PM: 0.0 Dec_PM: 0.0 Epoch: Annual_Parallax: 0.0 Flux: V = 15.2+/-0.5 Comments: Solar_System_Targets Generic_Targets Scan_Data Visits Visit_Number: 01 Visit_Requirements: PCS MODE FINE On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Visit 1 will obtain the WFPC2 images. Exposure_Number: 1 Target_Name: NGC4374 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F547M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5,CR-TOLERANCE=0.0 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1200 S Special_Requirements: Comments: Expected count rate = 1.6 electrons/s/pix Exposure_Number: 2 Target_Name: NGC4374 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5,CR-TOLERANCE=0.0 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 520 S Special_Requirements: Comments: Expected count rate = 6.0 electrons/s/pix Exposure_Number: 3 Target_Name: NGC4374 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F658N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.5,CR-TOLERANCE=0.0 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2000 S Special_Requirements: EXPAND Comments: Expected count rate = 0.14 electrons/s/pix Visit_Number: 02 Visit_Requirements: PCS MODE FINE On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Visit 2 will obtain the FOS observations. Exposure_Number: 4 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: PRISM Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-Y=1.23,SEARCH-SIZE-X=1,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5-8 Comments: Exposure_Number: 5 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: PRISM Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.61,SCAN-STEP-X=0.61,SEARCH-SIZE-X=6,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.1 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6-8 Comments: Exposure_Number: 6 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: PRISM Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.29,SCAN-STEP-X=0.29,SEARCH-SIZE-X=3,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.2 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 7-8 Comments: Exposure_Number: 7 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: PRISM Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.11,SCAN-STEP-X=0.11,SEARCH-SIZE-X=4,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=4 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 8 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 8 Comments: This is a critical peak-up requiring 10000 total counts Exposure_Number: 8 Target_Name: NGC4374-NUC Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-X=0.11,SCAN-STEP-Y=0.11,SEARCH-SIZE-X=4,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=4 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 84 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 9 Comments: Exposure_Number: 9 Target_Name: NGC4374-NUC Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 60 S Special_Requirements: END ORBIT Comments: Exposure_Number: 10 Target_Name: NGC4374-NUC Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 900 S Special_Requirements: MIN DUR Comments: Exposure_Number: 11 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 12 Target_Name: NGC4374-POS1 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3600 S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 13 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 14 Target_Name: NGC4374-POS2 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3600 S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 15 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 16 Target_Name: NGC4374-POS3 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2700 S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 17 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 18 Target_Name: NGC4374-POS4 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2300 S Special_Requirements: EXPAND Comments: Exposure_Number: 19 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Visit_Number: 03 Visit_Requirements: PCS MODE FINE On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Visit 3 will obtain the FOS observations. This is a repeat for failed visit 2. Exposure_Number: 4 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: PRISM Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-Y=1.23,SEARCH-SIZE-X=1,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5-8 Comments: Exposure_Number: 5 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: PRISM Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.61,SCAN-STEP-X=0.61,SEARCH-SIZE-X=6,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.1 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6-8 Comments: Exposure_Number: 6 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: PRISM Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.29,SCAN-STEP-X=0.29,SEARCH-SIZE-X=3,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.2 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 7-8 Comments: Exposure_Number: 7 Target_Name: NGC4374-OFFSET Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: PRISM Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.11,SCAN-STEP-X=0.11,SEARCH-SIZE-X=4,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=4 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 8 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 8 Comments: This is a critical peak-up requiring 10000 total counts Exposure_Number: 8 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-NUC Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: SCAN-STEP-X=0.11,SCAN-STEP-Y=0.11,SEARCH-SIZE-X=4,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=4 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 84 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 9 Comments: Exposure_Number: 9 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-NUC Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: MIRROR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 60 S Special_Requirements: END ORBIT Comments: Exposure_Number: 10 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-NUC Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 900 S Special_Requirements: MIN DUR Comments: Exposure_Number: 11 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 12 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-POS1 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3600 S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 13 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 14 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-POS2 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3600 S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 15 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 16 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-POS3 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2700 S Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 17 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Exposure_Number: 18 Target_Name: CP1-NGC4374-POS4 Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2300 S Special_Requirements: EXPAND Comments: Exposure_Number: 19 Target_Name: WAVE Config: FOS/RD Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Comments: Data_Distribution ! 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