6016( 0) - 07/18/95 19:21 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 6016 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: Entrainment and Hotspots in the HH 47 Protostellar Jet ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Cycle Interstellar Medium GO 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Investigators Contact? PI: Patrick Hartigan Department of Space Physics and Astronomy CoI: Jon A. Morse Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Bo Reipurth European Southern Observatory N CoI: Steve Heathcote Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory N CoI: John C. Raymond Harvard-Smithsonian CfA N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Abstract We propose to obtain FOS spectra of the HH 47 protostellar jet to (1) investigate how entrainment exchanges mass between collimated outflows and the surrounding medium and (2) separate the line emission of the Mach disk from that of the bow shock for the first time in the hotspot of a jet. Our proposed spectra will target emission line structures resolved in our Cycle 4 WFPC images. HH 47 is optimal for study of entrainment and hotspot formation, processes common to most astrophysical flows, because this jet is well-resolved spatially, originates from a single, isolated dark globule with a relatively simple geometry, and the shocks in the flow are all radiative. The proposed observations will provide the fundamental data needed to model both the energy transfer occurring in entrained astrophysical flows, and the formation of shocks in hotspots. Only HST observations achieve the spatial resolution necessary to clearly resolve the entrained material and to separate the Mach disk emission from that of the bow shock in the hotspot. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6016( 0) - 07/18/95 19:21 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ The N II Lambda6583 line is the faintest of the important diagnostic lines within the wavelength region covered by G570H, so the counts in this line determine the length of the exposures. We need adequate S/N in this line because the N II Lambda6583 line flux provides the best diagnostic for estimating the shock velocity -- the N II Lambda6583/ O I Lambda6300 line ratio varies from about 0.02 to 0.8 over the range of shock velocities (20kms\ to 60kms ) expected along the jet (Figure 4; Hartigan, Morse and Raymond 1994). In low velocity shocks, N IILambda6583 / HAlpha is ~ 0.1. The surface brightness at HAlpha measured in our WFPC images for the entrainment region near HH 47B is about 10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1 arcsec^-1. Hence, we expect to see 2.5* 10^-16 erg cm^-2 s^-1 at HAlpha through the 0.21^ * 1.7^ slit imaged onto the 1.2^ diodes. Using a flux of 2.5* 10^-17 erg cm^-2 s^-1 for N II and the formula in Table 1.2.1 of the FOS user handbook we obtain 0.0038 counts s^-1 diode^-1. A S/N of 4 for N II can be achieved in 70 minutes. The region of entrainment in HH 47B targeted in this proposal spans a distance of about 1.2^ perpendicular to the jet. We will align the slit parallel to the axis of the jet and step the slit perpendicular to the jet to measure the excitation gradient. The WFPC images indicate that 5 slit positions will sample the observed excitation gradient, which, taking into account acquisition and overhead, translates into 8 orbits. A similar calculation in the hotspot (HH 47A) for the apex of the bow shock and the sharp linear feature we identify as the Mach disk yields 2 orbits, for a total of 10 orbits requested. For both the entrainment and hotspot positions we will use the binary acquisition mode on a field star and perform a blind offset to the target position. We will use our WFPC images to measure the correct offsets. The 0.21^ * 1.7^ slit has the perfect dimensions to capture the emission from the Mach disk, and is equally suited for observation of entrainment in the jet. Real Time Justification ----------------------- None. In addition to the WFPC-2 images of HH47, we also have an extensive set of ground based NTT images, 4-m images, Fabry- Perot data, and long slit spectroscopy of this object. We do not anticipate obtaining any additional supporting observations at this time, but should the need arise, two of us (SH, BR) reside at major ground based observatories in the southern hemisphere, and the remaining members of the team have been successful in the past in obtaining time at CTIO and other facilities. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6016( 0) - 07/18/95 19:21 - [ 3] Data Distribution Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: UPS Email: , ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6016( 0) - 07/18/95 19:21 - [ 4] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HH47-OFFSET STAR, G V-IV RA = 8H 25M 50.02S +/- 0.03S, 2000 V=16.40 B-V=0.4 DEC = -51D 00' 09.58" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=00AI Comments: OFFSET STAR FOR BINARY/ACQ 2 HH47A-MD ISM, HERBIG-HARO OBJECT RA-OFF = +0.1693S +/- 0.1S, DEC- 2000 F-LINE(6563) = 7 +/- 3 E-16 OFF = +17.613" +/- 0.1", FROM 1 Comments: MACH DISK IN HERBIG-HARO OBJECT HH47A 3 HH47A-BS ISM, HERBIG-HARO OBJECT RA-OFF = +0.3544S +/- 0.1S, DEC- 2000 F-LINE(6563) = 8 +/- 3 E-16 OFF = +18.879" +/- 0.1", FROM 1 Comments: BOW SHOCK IN HH47A 4 HH46-JET ISM, HERBIG-HARO OBJECT RA-OFF = -5.8649S +/- 0.1S, DEC- 2000 F-LINE(6563) = 5 +/- 2 E-16 OFF = -19.653" +/- 0.1", FROM 1 Comments: BALMER JET IN HH46 5 HH46-RN ISM, REFLECTION NEBULA RA-OFF = -5.8951S +/- 0.1S, DEC- 2000 F(6563) = 3 +/- 1.5 E-16 OFF = -19.191" +/- 0.1", FROM 1 Comments: REFLECTION IN HH46 6 HH47B-EDGE ISM, HERBIG-HARO OBJECT RA-OFF = -3.3583S +/- 0.1S, DEC- 2000 F-LINE(6563) = 1.0 +/- 0.3E-16 OFF = -3.993" +/- 0.1", FROM 1 Comments: HH47B JET EDGE 7 HH47B-OUT ISM, HERBIG-HARO OBJECT RA-OFF = -3.4101S +/- 0.1S, DEC- 2000 F-LINE(6563) = 1.0 +/- 0.3E-16 OFF = -3.624" +/- 0.1", FROM 1 Comments: HH47B JET OUTER PORTION 8 HH47B-IN ISM, HERBIG-HARO OBJECT RA-OFF = -3.3280S +/- 0.1S, DEC- 2000 F-LINE(6563) = 1.0 +/- 0.3E-16 OFF = -4.665" +/- 0.1", FROM 1 Comments: HH47B JET INNER PORTION 6016( 0) - 07/18/95 19:21 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 46.7D TO 48.7D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Acquire offset star with BIN/ACQ, offset to HH47A-MD and run through exposures, then offset to HH47A-BS and run through exposures. Take WAVEs during occultation. The coords for HH47A-MD and HH47A-BS have been computed assuming the observations occur during the ORIENT 46.7D TO 48.7D window. An ORIENT which is 180D different than specified (i.e., ORIENT 226.7D TO 228.7D) is OK if this helps the schedulability. However, if the observations are scheduled at a different time than the ORIENT 46.7D TO 48.7D window, new coordinates for the targets will have to be computed due to proper motions. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 101 HH47-OFFSET FOS/RD ACQ/BIN 4.3 MIRROR 1 16S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 102-110 ARY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 102 HH47A-MD FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 640S 0 6820 Comments: Acquire position by blind offset from HH47- OFFSET. Position for Fall 1995. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 103 HH47A-MD FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G400H 3238- 1 600S 0 4781 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 104 WAVE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G400H 3238- 1 DEF 0 4781 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 105 HH47A-MD FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G270H 2223- 1 850S 0 3278 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 106 HH47A-BS FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G270H 2223- 1 1420S 0 3278 Comments: Acquire position by blind offset from HH47- OFFSET. Position for Fall 1995. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 107 WAVE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G270H 2223- 1 DEF 0 3278 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 108 HH47A-BS FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G400H 3238- 1 1220S 0 4781 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 109 HH47A-BS FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 1000S 0 6820 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 110 WAVE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 DEF 0 6820 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6016( 0) - 07/18/95 19:21 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 151.0D TO 153.0D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Acquire offset star with BIN/ACQ, offset to HH47B-IN and run through exposures, then offset to HH47B-OUT and run through exposures, etc.. Take WAVEs during occultation. The coords for the offset targets have been computed assuming the observations occur during the July 1995 window. An ORIENT which is 180D different than specified (i.e., ORIENT 331.0D TO 333.0D) is OK if this helps the schedulability. However, if the observations are scheduled at a different time than the July window, new coordinates for the targets will have to be computed due to proper motions. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 201 HH47-OFFSET FOS/RD ACQ/BIN 4.3 MIRROR 1 16S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 202-211 ARY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 202 HH46-JET FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 2200S 0 6820 Comments: Acquire position by blind offset from HH47- OFFSET. Position for Fall 1995. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 203 HH46-RN FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 1670S 0 6820 Comments: Acquire position by blind offset from HH47- OFFSET. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 204 WAVE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 DEF 0 6820 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 207 HH47B-IN FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 5080S 0 6820 Comments: Acquire position by blind offset from HH47- OFFSET. Position for Fall 1995. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 208 WAVE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 DEF 0 6820 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 209 HH47B-OUT FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 3600S 0 6820 Comments: Acquire position by blind offset from HH47- OFFSET. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 210 HH47B-EDGE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 3800S 0 6820 Comments: Acquire position by blind offset from HH47- OFFSET. Position for Fall 1995. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 211 WAVE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.25x2. G570H 4571- 1 DEF 0 6820 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6016( 0) - 07/18/95 19:21 - [ 7] Summary Form for Proposal 6016 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOS/RD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/BINARY ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category Interstellar Medium ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 46.7D TO 48.7D ONBOARD ACQ FOR 102-110 ORIENT 151.0D TO 153.0D ONBOARD ACQ FOR 202-211 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR G570H G400H G270H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HH47-OFFSET HH47A-MD WAVE HH47A-BS HH46-JET HH46-RN HH47B-IN HH47B-OUT HH47B-EDGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------