6006( 23) - 04/29/96 13:17 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 6006 Version: 23 Check-in Date: 29-Apr-1996 13:12:20 1.Proposal Title: Energy Inputs to the Narrow Line Regions of Active Galaxies ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Cycle AGN GO 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Investigators Contact? PI: Andrew Wilson University of Maryland CoI: John Mulchaey Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Gary Ferland University of Kentucky N CoI: Mark Whittle University of Virginia N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Abstract A program of spectroscopy of the narrow line regions (NLR's) of two Seyfert galaxies is proposed. We have obtained HST images in HAlpha, OIIILambda5007 and adjacent continua for both galaxies. We find that the brightest regions of line emission are extranuclear and associated with radio jets or lobes. A number of lines of evidence suggest that sources of heating additional to photoionization are operating in the NLR. Optical and ultraviolet spectra will be obtained of the bright, line-emitting regions associated with the radio components with a view to probing contributions of shock waves or relativistic particles to the heating of the gas. Unlike most previous work with nuclear apertures (which sum over several decades in radius and cloud properties), our off- nuclear spectra provide a significantly improved set of gas diagnostics. In particular, we obtain unambiguous temperature estimates (through OIIILambda4363/5007 in a low density regime), and UV line strengths predicted to be significantly enhanced in recent models of high velocity shocks (e.g. CIV Lambda1548). The data will then be analysed with photoionization and shock codes to derive the physical state of the gas, especially mass, kinetic energy, ionization state and abundances. These results will, in turn, be compared with models in which an outwardly moving radio jet or plasmoid drives radiative shocks into an ambient interstellar medium. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6006( 23) - 04/29/96 13:17 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We propose to obtain spectra of one region in each of NGC 2110 and NGC 5929. In NGC 2110 the aperture placement will be 0.7 arcsec NNW of the nucleus, on the inner emission knot which is associated with the inner part of the radio jet. In NGC 5929, the aperture will be placed over the brightest region of emission- line gas, associated with the SW radio lobe. (see Fig. 1). We shall cover the spectral range 3235 - 6818Angstrom with two gratings (G400H and G570H) using the red digicon of the FOS, the range 1590 - 2312Angstrom with G190H also using the red side, and the range 1140 - 1606Angstrom with the blue side. The galaxies are of sufficiently low redshift that the SIILambdaLambda6717,6731 doublet will be included. We need the spatial resolution of HST to isolate the regions associated with radio components with arc sec or sub arc sec separations from the rest of the NLR. As described in the Scientific Justification, the images already obtained and reduced will be used to guide the locations of the FOS apertures. We also need the UV capabilities for the UV spectra. Our exposure times with grating G400H are defined by the need to detect OIIILambda4363 with S/N = 5 for a temperature of 10^4K. The flux of this line at this temperature may be predicted from the known flux of OIIILambda5007 (directly from our PC images integrated over the FOS entrance aperture) and the theoretical ratio F(Lambda4959+Lambda5007)/F(Lambda4363) = 200 at 10^4K (Osterbrock 1989 ``Astrophysics of Gaseous Nebulae'', p 120). If the temperature is elevated by additional heating processes, the flux of Lambda4363 will be stronger. As an example, for the location of the spectrum of NGC 5929, F(Lambda5007) = 2.9times10^-14 erg cm^-2 s^-1 through a 0.4^ aperture. Thus F(Lambda4363) = 1.9times10^- 16 erg cm^-2 s^-1 for T_e = 10^4K and we require an exposure time of 7 mins for a S/N of 5. In order to measure densities to an accuracy of ~20\\ n_e = 10^3 cm^-3, we need to measure each SII line with a S/N ~eq 10 (see curve in Osterbrock 1989, p 134). For the brightest knot in NGC 5929, F(Lambda6717) ~eq 2.0times10^-15 (assumed equal to 0.15*F(HAlpha) giving an exposure time of 6 mins with grating G570H red side. For the theoretical emission line ratios given by Ferland & Osterbrock (1986) from pure photoionization models, we expect F(CIIILambda1909 = 5.5times10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1 from our region in NGC 5929. Detection of this line with a S/N of 10 will require a 4 min exposure with grating G190H, red side. Lastly, Ferland & Osterbrock's photoionization model predicts F(CIVLambda1548) = 4.2times10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1 from our region in NGC 5929. Detection of this line with a S/N of 10 will require only 2 mins exposure with G130H, blue side. However, in order to detect weaker lines (e.g. OIVLambda1401, SiIVLambdaLambda1397, CIILambda1335; see Table 9A of Sutherland et al. 1993) which are important diagnostics of high velocity shocks, and to search for broad wings on CIV, we shall integrate for a complete orbit (42 mins, after guide star reacquisition and instrumental overhead, see below). For the near-nuclear emission region in NGC 2110, F(Lambda5007) = 2times10^-14 erg cm^-2 s^-1 through a 0.4^ aperture, so similar, but slightly longer, exposure times will apply. For each galaxy, we request 3 orbits. The first orbit will involve guide star acquisition (12 mins) and acquisition of the target. We will either acquire the object through ACQ/BIN on a star in our WFPC1 images followed by offset to the region to be studied or through ACQ/PEAK on the galaxy followed by offset to the region of interest. The first method will require 9 + 12 + 25 mins. We expect it will be possible to achieve target acquisition in a little over 1 orbit; the remainder of the second orbit (after guide star reacquisition and instrumental overhead) will be devoted to our exposure with G130H on the blue side. During occultation between the second and third orbits, the FOS will be reconfigured to the red side. The third orbit will contain guide star reacquisition (6 mins), G570H exposure (~eq 10 mins), FOS overhead (6 mins), G400H exposure (~eq 10 mins), FOS overhead (6 mins), G190H exposure (~eq 10 mins), and FOS overhead (6 mins). We thus believe that our program can be efficiently packed into 6 orbits (3 per galaxy). Real Time Justification ----------------------- None VLA radio maps are available for both galaxies. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6006( 23) - 04/29/96 13:17 - [ 3] Data Distribution Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: UPS Email: , ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6006( 23) - 04/29/96 13:17 - [ 4] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC2110- GALAXY,SEYFERT,LINER,LE RA=05H 49M 46.379S +/- 0.02S, 1950.0 V=2311 SURF(V) = 17.6+/-1 OFFSET NTICULAR DEC=-07D 28' 01.9" +/- 0.2" B-V = 0.87 E(B-V) = 0.4 F-LINE(5007)=4.2+/-0.5e-14 W-LINE(5007)=8.3+/-0.5 Comments: Note that F-LINE is the total line flux (in erg cm**-2 s**-) through the science aperture, as recommended in table 5.13 (not the footnote), p5-25 of "Phase II Proposal Instructions". 2 NGC2110-JET GALAXY,SEYFERT,LINER,LE RA-OFF = -0.0128S +/- 0.0007S, 1950.0 V=2311 SURF(V) = 17.6+/-1 NTICULAR DEC-OFF = 0.46" +/- 0.01", FROM B-V = 0.87 1 E(B-V) = 0.4 F-LINE(5007)=2.2+/-0.5e-14 W-LINE(5007)=8.3+/-0.5 3 NGC5929 GALAXY, SEYFERT, RA = 15H 24M 18.92S +/- 0.04S, 1950.0 V=2504 SURF(V) = 17.5+/-1 SPIRAL, INTERACTING DEC = 41D 50' 41.0" +/- 0.5" B-V = 0.98 GALAXY E(B-V) = 0.4 F-LINE(5007)=2.0+/-0.5e-14 W-LINE(5007)=3.0+/-0.5 Comments: F-LINE refers to the science aperture. The equivalent width of [OIII]5007, the line being used for peakup, is 439 Angstroms through the science aperture (0.5). 4 NGC5929-LOBE GALAXY, SEYFERT, RA-OFF = -0.034S +/- 0.0001S, 1950.0 V=2504 SURF(V) = 17.5+/-1 SPIRAL, INTERACTING DEC-OFF = -0.41" +/- 0.01", FROM B-V = 0.98 GALAXY 3 E(B-V) = 0.4 F-LINE(5007)=2.0+/-0.5e-14 W-LINE(5007)=3.0+/-0.5 Comments: F-LINE refers to the science aperture. The equivalent width of [OIII]5007, the line being used for peakup, is 439 Angstroms through the science aperture (0.5). 6006( 23) - 04/29/96 13:17 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC2110- FOS/RD ACQ/PEA 4.3 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 0.4S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 2 OFFSET K X=1,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=3,SCAN-STEP- Y=1.23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC2110- FOS/RD ACQ/PEA 1.0 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 3.0S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 3 OFFSET K X=6,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=2,SCAN-STEP- X=0.61,SCAN- STEP-Y=0.61 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC2110- FOS/RD ACQ/PEA 0.5 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 10.0S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 4 OFFSET K X=3,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=3,SCAN-STEP- X=0.29,SCAN- STEP-Y=0.29 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 NGC2110- FOS/RD ACQ/PEA 0.3 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 10.0S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 5-8 OFFSET K X=4,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=4,SCAN-STEP- X=0.11,SCAN- STEP-Y=0.11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 NGC2110-JET FOS/RD ACQ 4.3 MIRROR 1 60S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 NGC2110-JET FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G570H 1 5M MAX DUR 5M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 NGC2110-JET FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G400H 1 10M MAX DUR 10M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 NGC2110-JET FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G190H 1 5M MAX DUR 5M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 NGC2110- FOS/BL ACQ/PEA 0.3 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 10.0S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 10-11 OFFSET K X=4,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=4,SCAN-STEP- X=0.11,SCAN- STEP-Y=0.11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 NGC2110-JET FOS/BL ACCUM 0.5 G130H 1 35M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 NGC2110-JET FOS/BL ACCUM 0.5 G130H 1 26M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6006( 23) - 04/29/96 13:17 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACQ/PEA 4.3 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 0.4S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 13 K X=1,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=3,SCAN-STEP- Y=1.23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACQ/PEA 1.0 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 3S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 14 K X=6,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=2,SCAN-STEP- X=0.61,SCAN- STEP-Y=0.61 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACQ/PEA 0.5 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 10.0S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 15 K X=3,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=3,SCAN-STEP- X=0.29,SCAN- STEP-Y=0.29 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACQ/PEA 0.3 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 10S ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 16-17 SAVE OFFSET K X=4,SEARCH-SIZE FRED -Y=4,SCAN-STEP- X=0.11,SCAN- STEP-Y=0.11 Comments: OFFSET FRED will be the distance from the given target coordinates to the final peakup position. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACQ 4.3 MIRROR 1 1200S SAVE OFFSET WILMA NO SPLIT Comments: OFFSET WILMA will be the calculated distance from the original target coordinates to the desired target. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACCUM 4.3 G190H 1 15M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6006( 23) - 04/29/96 13:17 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: SAME ORIENT AS 2 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Orient requirement chosen for use of SAVE & USE OFFSET during 96.099 SMS. If rescheduling is needed, orient can be changed. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G570H 1 5M USE OFFSET WILMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G400H 1 10M USE OFFSET WILMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 NGC5929 FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G190H 1 330S USE OFFSET WILMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 NGC5929 FOS/BL ACQ/PEA 0.3 MIRROR SEARCH-SIZE- 1 10.0S USE OFFSET FRED ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 22 K X=4,SEARCH-SIZE -Y=4,SCAN-STEP- X=0.11,SCAN- STEP-Y=0.11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 NGC5929 FOS/BL ACCUM 0.5 G130H 1 25M USE OFFSET WILMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6006( 23) - 04/29/96 13:17 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 6006 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOS/RD FOS/BL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/PEAK ACQ ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters SEARCH-SIZE-X=1 SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3 SCAN-STEP-Y=1.23 SCAN-STEP-Y=0.61 SCAN-STEP-Y=0.29 SCAN-STEP-Y=0.11 SCAN-STEP-X=0.11 SCAN-STEP-X=0.61 SCAN-STEP-X=0.29 SEARCH-SIZE-Y=4 SEARCH-SIZE-X=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category AGN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 2 ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 3 ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 4 ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 5-8 MAX DUR 5M MAX DUR 10M ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 10-11 ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 13 ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 14 ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 15 ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 16-17 SAVE OFFSET FRED SAVE OFFSET WILMA NO SPLIT SAME ORIENT AS 2 USE OFFSET WILMA USE OFFSET FRED ONBOARD ACQuisition FOR 22 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR G570H G400H G190H G130H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names NGC2110-OFFSET NGC2110-JET NGC5929 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------