! Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 5 (1995) Phase II Proposal Template ! $Id: 5941,v 9.1 1995/10/19 21:07:38 pepsa Exp $ ! ! Refer to the HST Phase II Proposal Instructions to fill this out ! ! Anything after a "!" is ignored, and may be deleted ! ! All keywords with multiple entries are comma delimited except the ! Visit_Requirements and Special_Requirements keywords which can be ! delimited with carriage returns or semi-colons, but not commas ! ! For help call your Program Coordinator: Debra Wallace ! Phone: 410 338-4506 , E-mail: wallace@stsci.edu ! ! This partially completed template was generated from a Phase I proposal. ! Date generated: Sat Dec 17 11:02:16 EST 1994 ! ! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ! ! 95 May 23 : FOC target positions revised to incorporate POS TARGs inside ! RA and Dec. since FOC IS R. Jedrzejewski concerned about combination of ! INT ACQ and POS TARG. Peg Stanley concurs that there might be a problem. ! - John Biretta ! Proposal_Information ! Section 4 Title: Secular Changes in the Jet of M87 Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: AGN Cycle: 5 Investigators PI_name: John Biretta PI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute CoI_Name: William Sparks CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Duccio Macchetto CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) Abstract: ! Free format text (please update) As part of our ongoing investigation of the M87 jet, we have obtained unprecedented high resolution images of the jet using the FOC. These data show structures with a FWHM as small as 0.03", and provide a unique opportunity to study proper motions and structural changes of the jet. We will compare Cycle 5 FOC and WFPC2 images with Cycle 4 observations to search for secular changes and motions in the jet and nucleus. Typical speeds found with VLA observations range from 0.5c to 3c, well within current HST measurement capabilities. Since the optical emission is more concentrated near the jet axis than the radio emission, the optical data will give velocity information on a different physical volume closer to the jet axis, and show whether there are strong velocity gradients across and within the jet. Secular changes in luminosity and polarization are also likely as the knots move, which will provide information on the evolution of the electron energy distribution and magnetic fields. For the first time, we propose to make polarization measurements and determine the magnetic field structure within the first few pc of the jet near the ``central engine.'' We propose to repeat this sequence of observations as the foundation of an annual monitoring program, and hence request time for Cycles 6 and 7. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: FOC: Images of the jet using 3 pointings (nucleus + knots D&E; knots E,F,I; and knots I,A,B,C) in the 512x512 format with the F342W filter. At the bright nucleus exposures are also made utilizing F2ND and F4ND. Polarization sensitive images (+POL0, +POL60, +POL120) will be taken for the nucleus and knot A regions. The ``face-on" COSTAR reflections do not significantly hinder polarization measurements, especially if polarization levels are as high as here, tens of percent. RESEAU images are taken to allow correction of time-variable distortion, since accurate relative astrometry is extremely important. WFPC2: Images of the nucleus and jet with the PC through F814W filter. Images are obtained at six different POS TARGs to aid in removal of CCD artifacts, and to allow sub-pixel image restoration. The proper motions measured by the VLA would easily be detected by the F342W FOC observations. For example, VLA results for a bright feature in knot D, which is 3" from the nucleus, show speeds up to 3c or 0.012" per year. The F342W image would contain about 10000 counts in this region which has a scale size 0.1". From signal-to-noise considerations a velocity accuracy of about (0.1")SQRT(2)/SQRT(10000)/3 = 0.0015" per year would be obtained between just the Cycle 4 and 5 observations, giving a velocity accuracy of ~0.3c for this feature in just one year. For Knot A the velocity accuracy would be about ten times better, due to larger total counts while the sharp ``edge" of knot A has a similar thickness ~0.1", and even finer internal structures. Alignment of images from different epochs will be aided by stars and globular clusters which are readily visible in the Cycle 4 FOC images (in contrast to the pre-COSTAR images where these features are invisible). The F814W WFPC2 observations will give spectral information and provide an independent motion measurement. Systematic uncertainties due to distortion will be largely eliminated by placing the jet on the same detector area for all epochs. We propose to extend these observations to future cycles in order to provide a longer time baseline for velocity measurements, and to monitor future brightness changes in the jet. The essence of our proposal is monitoring. We have chosen a subset of the Cycle 4 program which gives optimal SNR for a given exposure time, in the blue with the FOC, and in the far-red with WFPC2, and uses the most straightforward imaging polarimetry. Therefore we propose to repeat this identical sequence in each of Cycles 6 and 7. Real_Time_Justification: Interactive acquisitions and real-time uplinks are requested for the FOC observations, since the nominal pointing accuracy (2 arcsec.) is a large fraction of the FOC field-of-view (7 x 7 arcsec.). The jet is 20 arcseconds long, so that three accurately placed FOC fields will be needed to image the entire target. It would be advantageous if the FOC observations were scheduled close to our M87 ROSAT/HRI observations in July 1995 (80ksec awarded). Our HST Cycle 4 scheduling experience and ROSAT pointing constraints suggest this should be easy to accommodate. Calibration_Justification: ! Move appropriate text from Real_Time_Justification Additional_Comments: ! Target positions 1-3 revised to incorporate INT ACQ offsets used in Cycle 4 ! - JB (95 May 23) Fixed_Targets Target_Number: 1 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Alternate_Names: NGC4486 Description: GALAXY, RADIO GALAXY, NUCLEUS, JET Position: RA = 12H 28M 17.503S +/- 0.01S, DEC = 12D 40' 02.44" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=00IY Equinox: 1950 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.0043 Flux: V=16.7 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: NUCLEUS+D+E Target_Number: 2 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS2 Alternate_Names: NGC4486 Description: GALAXY, RADIO GALAXY, JET Position: RA = 12H 28M 17.077S +/- 0.1S, DEC = 12D 40' 04.68" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=00IY Equinox: 1950 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.0043 Flux: V=16.7 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: E+F+I Target_Number: 3 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS3 Alternate_Names: NGC4486 Description: GALAXY, RADIO GALAXY, JET Position: RA = 12H 28M 16.593S +/- 0.1S, DEC = 12D 40' 07.09" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=00IY Equinox: 1950 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.0043 Flux: V=16.7 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: I+A+B+C Target_Number: 4 Target_Name: M87-NUC Alternate_Names: NGC4486 Description: GALAXY, RADIO GALAXY, NUCLEUS, JET Position: RA = 12H 28M 17.57S +/- 0.01S, DEC = 12D 40' 01.749" +/- 0.01", PLATE-ID=00IY Equinox: 1950 RV_or_Z: Z = 0.0043 Flux: V=16.7 ! Include at least V and B-V Comments: ! This is a template for a single visit containing a single exposure ! Repeat exposure and visit blocks as needed ! Removed all POS TARGs from FOC exposures, ! since offsets incorporated in target co-ords. ! - JB (95 May 23) Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 1 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 PCS MODE Fine ORIENTation 95D TO 115D ! Cycle 4 observed at 102.0D to 109.3D BETWEEN 1-MAY-1995 AND 30-AUG-1995 GROUP 1-3 WITHIN 30D On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: FOC M87-JET-POS1; THIS VISIT REQUIRES 6 ORBITS WHEN INTERNAL EXPOSURES ARE PROPERLY SCHEDULED DURING OCCULTATIONS Exposure_Number: 109 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 110 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 16M Special_Requirements: INT ACQ FOR 120-169; Exposure_Number: 119 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 110,119 NON-INT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 110 Exposure_Number: 120 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,F4ND Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 16M Special_Requirements: EXPAND; MAX DUR 300% Exposure_Number: 129 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 120,129 NON-INT; END ORBIT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 120 Exposure_Number: 130 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,F2ND Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 20M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 120 Exposure_Number: 131 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,F2ND Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 20M Special_Requirements: EXPAND; MIN DUR 80%; MAX DUR 200% SAME POS AS 120 Exposure_Number: 139 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 131,139 NON-INT; END ORBIT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 131 Exposure_Number: 150 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 20M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 120 Exposure_Number: 151 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 20M Special_Requirements: EXPAND; MIN DUR 80%; MAX DUR 150% SAME POS AS 120 Exposure_Number: 159 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 151,159 NON-INT; END ORBIT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 151 Exposure_Number: 160 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,POL0 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 27M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 120 Exposure_Number: 161 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,POL60 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 27M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 120 Exposure_Number: 162 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS1 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,POL120 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 27M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 120 Exposure_Number: 169 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 162,169 NON-INT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 162 Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 2 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 PCS MODE Fine SAME ORIENT AS 1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: FOC M87-JET-POS2; THIS VISIT REQUIRES 3 ORBITS WHEN INTERNAL EXPOSURES ARE PROPERLY SCHEDULED DURING OCCULTATIONS Exposure_Number: 209 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 210 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS2 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 16M Special_Requirements: INT ACQ FOR 220-239 Exposure_Number: 219 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 210,219 NON-INT; END ORBIT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 210 Exposure_Number: 220 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS2 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 16M Special_Requirements: EXPAND; MAX DUR 300% Exposure_Number: 229 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 220,229 NON-INT; END ORBIT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 220 Exposure_Number: 230 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS2 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 20M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 220 Exposure_Number: 231 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS2 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 20M Special_Requirements: EXPAND; MIN DUR 80%; MAX DUR 140% SAME POS AS 220 Exposure_Number: 239 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 231,239 NON-INT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 231 Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 3 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 PCS MODE Fine SAME ORIENT AS 1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: FOC M87-JET-POS3; THIS VISIT REQUIRES 5 ORBITS WHEN INTERNAL EXPOSURES ARE PROPERLY SCHEDULED DURING OCCULTATIONS Exposure_Number: 309 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 310 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS3 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 16M Special_Requirements: INT ACQ FOR 320-349 Exposure_Number: 319 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: END ORBIT; SEQ 310,319 NON-INT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 310 Exposure_Number: 320 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS3 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 16M Special_Requirements: EXPAND; MAX DUR 300% Exposure_Number: 329 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 320,329 NON-INT; END ORBIT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 320 Exposure_Number: 330 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS3 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 20M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 320 Exposure_Number: 331 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS3 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 20M Special_Requirements: EXPAND; MIN DUR 80%; MAX DUR 150% SAME POS AS 320 Exposure_Number: 339 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 331,339 NON-INT; END ORBIT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 331 Exposure_Number: 340 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS3 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,POL0 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 27M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 320 Exposure_Number: 341 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS3 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,POL60 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 27M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 320 Exposure_Number: 342 Target_Name: M87-JET-POS3 Config: FOC/96 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: F342W,POL120 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 27M Special_Requirements: SAME POS AS 320 Exposure_Number: 349 Target_Name: INTFLAT Config: FOC/96 Opmode: RESEAU Aperture: 512X512 Sp_Element: CLEAR Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: DEF Special_Requirements: SEQ 342,349 NON-INT Comments: INTERNAL EXPOSURE DURING OCCULTATION IMMEDIATELY AFTER 342 Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 4 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 PCS MODE Fine ORIENTation 294D TO 304D ! Cycle 4 data at orient 299 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: WFPC2 M87-NUC; THIS VISIT REQUIRES 2 ORBITS Exposure_Number: 400 Target_Name: M87-NUC Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.05660, CR-TOLERANCE=0.0, Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 531S Special_Requirements: POS TARG -10.501,-10.000; MIN DUR; MAX DUR Comments: THIS IS A 30 SEC. AND A 500 SEC. EXPOSURE Exposure_Number: 401 Target_Name: M87-NUC Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 500S Special_Requirements: POS TARG -10.000,-9.499; MIN DUR; MAX DUR 125% Exposure_Number: 402 Target_Name: M87-NUC Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 500S Special_Requirements: POS TARG -9.499,-10.000; MIN DUR; MAX DUR 125%; END ORBIT Exposure_Number: 451 Target_Name: M87-NUC Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=0.04762, CR-TOLERANCE=0.0, Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 631S Special_Requirements: POS TARG -10.251,-9.749; MIN DUR; MAX DUR; Comments: THIS IS A 30 SEC. AND A 600 SEC. EXPOSURE Exposure_Number: 452 Target_Name: M87-NUC Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 600S Special_Requirements: POS TARG -9.749,-9.248; MIN DUR; MAX DUR 125% Exposure_Number: 453 Target_Name: M87-NUC Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 600S Special_Requirements: POS TARG -9.248,-9.749; MIN DUR; MAX DUR 125%; END ORBIT Comments: Data_Distribution ! Defaults indicated; change if desired Medium: 8MM ! 8MM or 6250BPI or 1600BPI Blocking_Factor: 10 ! 10 or 1 ! Only astronomers with very old 9- ! track tape drives should consider ! a blocking factor of 1 Ship_To: PI_Address ! STSCI or PI_Address or ! PI Address from Phase I is: ! ! 3700 San Martin Drive , ! Baltimore, MD 21218 ! ! Ship_Via: UPS ! UPS (2-day) or OVERNIGHT ! Overnight shipping done at PI expense Recipient_Email: ! Needed if Ship_To: is not PI_Address ! ! Let us know what you think of this template and software! ! Please send a list of your likes and dislikes to your Program Coordinator