! Proposal 5922, submission 1 ! PI: Lennox L. Cowie ! Received Tue Mar 14 19:09:47 EST 1995 ! From: cowie@mach.IFA.Hawaii.Edu Proposal_Information ! Section 4 Title: HST Observations of Hawaii Deep Survey Fields Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: Galaxies & Clusters Cycle: 5 Investigators PI_name: Lennox L. Cowie PI_Institution: Institute for Astronomy CoI_Name: Antoinette Cowie CoI_Institution: Institute for Astronomy Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Esther M. Hu CoI_Institution: Institute for Astronomy Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) Abstract: ! Free format text (please update) Detailed morphological classification of galaxies at high redshifts requires angular resolution of around 0.1^ \ FWHM and cannot be carried out from the ground. We propose to use the WFPC2 to observe the Hawaii deep survey fields SSA4 and SSA17 in the wide I\ band. These 2^ * 2^ \ fields have been observed at wavelengths, 3400 Angstrom, 4500 Angstrom, 5500 Angstrom, 8400 Angstrom and 2.1 micron to $5 Sigma galaxy detection limits of a microJy or below (K = 22, V = 27). All galaxies with B <= 24, I <= 22\ and K <= 19 now have determined redshifts and have been typed on the basis of their spectra, as have 65\ 19\ and 20. The proposed WFPC2 observations will be used to type the K <= 20\ galaxy sample and to study the evolution of the galaxy type mix, surface brightness profiles, and merger rates as a function of absolute magnitude and redshift. This program is a continuation of an approved Cycle 4 proposal, where the fields SSA22 and SSA13 are being imaged to the same depth. This data set has not yet been obtained. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: For a `typical' I = 23\ galaxy, the central surface brightness in a wide-field pixel is 27, and the measured typical value at 1^ \ is approximately I = 29\ in a WFC pixel. The latter value produces a count rate of 1.0 * 10^-2 e^-/sec/pixel\ through the F814W filter. By comparison the sky background at the field ecliptic latitudes is I = 27.2\ per WFC pixel giving 4 * 10^-2 e^-/sec/pixel. Assuming 1800s sub-exposures to provide clean cosmic ray rejection and sky cleaning, and 5e^-/pixel read noise, the sky-dominated noise/exposure/pixel becomes 11e^-\ and the S/N = 1.3 in 0.5 hrs. Requiring a S/N = 5/pixel then implies an eight-hour exposure. Simulations made using the ground-based observations of Fig. 2, faded and shrunk as they would appear at the appropriate redshifts, show that this S/N should be adequate for classification. The proposed WFPC2 observations for the I < 23\ galaxies should in fact be very similar in resolution and S/N to the galaxies shown in Fig. 2. We request observations on two fields since, because of clustering effects, each field is dominated by a small number of velocity groupings. The WFC regions contain 34 galaxies at K <= 20\ in the two fields, 31 of which have I\ magnitudes less than 23 and should be classifiable. This sample size should be large enough to discern gross trends in the type mix and surface brightness profiles and to determine if there is enhanced merger activity in the high-z\ population. The data analysis will be carried out on an existing Sparc 10 workstation belonging to the P.I. Existing IDL programs will be used to process the frames using median sky generation and cosmic ray rejection routines. Image enhancement will be performed on subsampled data using the Lucy-Richardson algorithm and these images used for final taxonomic classification. Surface brightness fits will be carried out on both the unsharpened and the sharpened data using iterative fits to obtain deconvolved disk and bulge profiles. Comparison with an existing wide-field (1.5 deg^2) K <= 15, z < 0.2\ sample observed with 0.5^ \ FWHM ground-based imaging will be used to analyze the evolution of type mix, surface brightness and merger rates as a function of z. The data will also provide the deepest images for point sources and compact objects with a 5 Sigma\ detection limit of I = 28, and we will analyze the number density of these objects as well as attempt to determine their colors by cross correlating with the ground-based data. Real_Time_Justification: None. None. Calibration_Justification: ! Move appropriate text from Real_Time_Justification Additional_Comments: Fixed_Targets ! Section 5.1 Target_Number:1 Target_Name:SSA4 Alternate_Names: Description:UNIDENTIFIED, BLANK FIELD Position: RA=3H 54M 57.3S +/- 0.01S, DEC=01D 01' 00.0" +/- 0.01" Equinox:B1950 RV_or_Z:Z=0.0 Dec_PM:0. Epoch:1950 Annual_Parallax:0.0 Flux: V=20 B-V=0.4 Comments: Target_Number:2 Target_Name:SSA17 Alternate_Names: Description:UNIDENTIFIED, BLANK FIELD Position: RA=17H 04M 59.8S +/- 0.01S, DEC=43D 59' 34.7" +/- 0.01" Equinox:B1950 RV_or_Z:Z=0.0 Dec_PM:0. Epoch:1950 Annual_Parallax:0.0 Flux: V=20 B-V=0.4 Comments: ! This is a template for a single visit containing a single exposure ! Repeat exposure and visit blocks as needed Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number:1 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number:1 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA4 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2300S Special_Requirements:POS TARG 0,0 LOW-SKY Comments: Exposure_Number:2 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA4 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2600S Special_Requirements:POS TARG 0,5 LOW-SKY Comments: Exposure_Number:3 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA4 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2600S Special_Requirements:POS TARG 5,0 LOW-SKY Comments: Exposure_Number:4 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA4 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2600S Special_Requirements:POS TARG 0,-5 LOW-SKY Comments: Exposure_Number:5 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA4 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2600S Special_Requirements:POS TARG -5,0 LOW-SKY Comments: Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number:2 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number:1 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA17 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2300S Special_Requirements:POS TARG 0,0 LOW-SKY Comments: Exposure_Number:2 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA17 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2600S Special_Requirements:POS TARG 0,5 LOW-SKY Comments: Exposure_Number:3 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA17 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2600S Special_Requirements:POS TARG 5,0 LOW-SKY Comments: Exposure_Number:4 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA17 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2600S Special_Requirements:POS TARG 0,-5 LOW-SKY Comments: Exposure_Number: 5 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:SSA17 Config:WFPC2 Opmode:IMAGE Aperture:WFALL-FIX Sp_Element:F814W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters:CR-SPLIT=NO Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:2600S Special_Requirements:POS TARG -5,0 LOW-SKY Comments: Data_Distribution ! Defaults indicated; change if desired Medium: 8MM ! 8MM or 6250BPI or 1600BPI Blocking_Factor: 10 ! 10 or 1 ! Only astronomers with very old 9- ! track tape drives should consider ! a blocking factor of 1 Ship_To: PI_Address ! STSCI or PI_Address or ! PI Address from Phase I is: ! ! 2680 Woodlawn Drive,Honolulu, ! HI USA 96822 ! ! Ship_Via: OVERNIGHT ! UPS (2-day) or OVERNIGHT ! Overnight shipping done at PI expense Recipient_Email: ! Needed if Ship_To: is not PI_Address ! ! Let us know what you think of this template and software! ! Please send a list of your likes and dislikes to your Program Coordinator