5896( 7) - 11/28/95 16:40 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 5896 Version: 7 Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: Detailed Studies of High-Velocity Ionized Gas in the Galactic Disk ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Cycle Interstellar Medium GO 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Investigators Contact? PI: Daniel Welty University of Chicago CoI: Lewis Hobbs University of Chicago N CoI: Donald Morton Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics N CoI: Lyman Spitzer Princeton University N CoI: Donald York University of Chicago N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Abstract The study of high-velocity gas can provide significant information on such topics as the structure and evolution of interstellar shocks, the transfer of energy from stars to the ISM, and the processing of interstellar dust grains. We propose to obtain sensitive new GHRS echelle spectra toward three stars known to exhibit absorption due to high-velocity ionized gas. The goals of the proposed work are to determine the detailed properties of the individual subcomponents in the high- velocity gas and to identify characteristics of this gas useful for distinguishing it from ionized gas arising in other physical environments (e.g., photoionized H II regions, circumstellar shells). Accurate individual component column densities, line widths, and velocities for C II, C II*, C IV, Mg II, Al II, Al III, Si II, Si III, Si IV, S II, S III, and Fe II (essentially all the potentially detectable species) will yield estimates of the temperatures, densities, sizes, ionization characteristics, and depletions for the individual clouds. An understanding of both the prevalence and the detailed physical properties of high- velocity gas in our own Galaxy will aid in understanding the abundances and physical processes characterizing the absorption-line systems seen at various redshifts in the spectra of background QSOs, and thus in understanding crucial aspects of the evolution of galaxies. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5896( 7) - 11/28/95 16:40 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We will need sufficient resolution (to get N, b, v for individual components) and sensitivity (to get weak lines due to S II, S III, Fe II, Al III, C II*) for as many of the accessible, potentially significant ionization states as possible (Table 1) - in order to obtain adequate diagnostics for evaluating shock models and to obtain accurate total abundances for as many elements as possible. Thus we will use ECH-A and ECH-B, and aim for S/N ~ 100 (where practical), which will yield 2-sigma equivalent width limits of 0.7-1.6 mAngstrom\ over the range of wavelengths to be observed. We will use 23 Ori as an example for calculation of exposure times and orbits (see Table 1, where exposure time calculation includes a factor 2 for proper diode sampling and a factor 0.54 for background time and use of SSA). Some settings will be omitted for stars where the lines are expected to be too weak; some strong lines will be observed at slightly reduced S/N. Table 1 Wave Primary Flux inst. blaze count t_exp (min) Species sens. rate S/N=100 1190 SiII,SIII 1.2e-09 0.46e11 0.93 28 12 1206 SiIII 1.2e-09 0.46e11 0.82 24 14 1259 SII,SiII 1.2e-09 0.92e11 0.89 60 6 1335 CII,CII* 1.0e-09 1.34e11 0.98 71 5 1400 SiIV 7.8e-10 1.47e11 0.96 59 6 1550 CIV 6.0e-10 0.64e11 0.86 18 19 1670 AlII 6.8e-10 0.44e11 0.86 12 27 1858 AlIII 4.8e-10 1.62e11 0.78 33 10 2600 FeII 2.2e-10 13.0e11 0.48 74 5 2800 MgII 1.6e-10 12.8e11 0.96 106 3 2852 MgI 1.4e-10 12.8e11 0.60 58 6 For 23 Ori, we have 52 min visibility per orbit; acquisition can be with mirror N1. For orbit 1, we have 12 min guide star + 19 min SSA acq + 3 min spybal + 18 min for two ECH-A spectra (10 min exposure, two 4 min overhead). For orbit 2, we have 6 min guide star + 46 min for 3 ECH-A spectra (34 min exp + three 4 min OH). We switch to ECH-B during occultation. For orbit 3, we have 6 min guide star + 3 min spybal + 42 min for 3 ECH-B spectra (30 min exp + three 4 min OH). The line of sight to Zeta Ori will be particularly useful, as shorter wavelength data for C III, N II, N III, and H I are available from Copernicus; Fe III may be available for Zeta Ori from recent IMAPS observations. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Data Distribution Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: UPS Email: , ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5896( 7) - 11/28/95 16:40 - [ 3] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD35149 STAR, B0-B2 V-IV RA = 05H 22M 49.87S +/- 0.01S, J2000 V = +18 V=5.00 +/- 0.02 DEC = +03D 32' 39.8" +/- 0.1" B-V=-0.15 +/- 0.02 TYPE=B1V E(B-V)=0.11 F(1400) = 7.8 +/- 0.2 E-10 F(2800) = 1.6 +/- 0.2 E-10 Comments: Coordinates from Hipparcos INCA Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000 0.0000 0.0000 0.002 2 HD37742 STAR, SUPERGIANT O RA = 05H 40M 45.52S +/- 0.01S, J2000 V = +18 V=2.05 +/- 0.02 DEC = -01D 56' 33.5" +/- 0.1" B-V=-0.21 +/- 0.02 TYPE=O9Ibe E(B-V)=0.07 F(1400) = 2.0 +/- 0.2 E-08 F(2800) = 4.2 +/- 0.2 E-09 Comments: Coordinates from Hipparcos INCA Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000 0.0000 0.0000 0.002 3 HD57061 STAR, SUPERGIANT O RA = 07H 18M 42.50S +/- 0.01S, J2000 V = +40 V=4.40 +/- 0.02 DEC = -24D 57' 16.0" +/- 0.1" B-V=-0.15 +/- 0.02 TYPE=O9Ib E(B-V)=0.13 F(1400) = 1.0 +/- 0.2 E-09 F(2800) = 3.5 +/- 0.2 E-10 Comments: Coordinates from Hipparcos INCA Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000 0.0000 0.0000 0.001 5896( 7) - 11/28/95 16:40 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 101 HD37742 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-A1 SEARCH- 1 1.8S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 102 SIZE=3,BRIGHT=R ETURN,LOCATE=YE S Comments: STEP-TIME=0.2S; EXPECT 3000 COUNTS IN STEP- TIME ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 102 HD37742 HRS ACQ/PEA 0.25 MIRROR-A1 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 5S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 103 KUP Comments: STEP-TIME=0.2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 103 HD37742 HRS ACQ/PEA 0.25 MIRROR-A1 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 5S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 104-126 KUP Comments: STEP-TIME=0.2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 104 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1402.5 FP- 1 217.6S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Si IV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 105 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1550.2 FP- 2 108.8S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: C IV(2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 106 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1191.8 FP- 1 326.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: S III, Si II(2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 107 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1204.5 FP- 1 217.6S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Si III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 108 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1261.15 FP- 1 217.6S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: S II, Si II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 109 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1303.75 FP- 1 217.6S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: P II, O I, Si II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5896( 7) - 11/28/95 16:40 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 110 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1334.5 FP- 1 326.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: C II, C II* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 111 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1671.5 FP- 1 217.6S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Al II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 120 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-B 1807.0 FP- 1 326.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=9 Comments: Si II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 121 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-B30 1854.1 FP- 1 326.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Al III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 123 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-B 2060.0 FP- 1 326.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Zn II, Cr II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 124 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-B 2260.0 FP- 1 217.6S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Fe II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 125 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-B 2598.0 FP- 1 217.6S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Fe II, Mn II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 126 HD37742 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-B 2799.5 FP- 1 217.6S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Mg II(2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5896( 7) - 11/28/95 16:40 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 201 HD57061 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N1 SEARCH- 1 1.8S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 202 SIZE=3,BRIGHT=R ETURN,LOCATE=YE S Comments: STEP-TIME=0.2S; EXPECT 89000 COUNTS IN STEP- TIME ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 202 HD57061 HRS ACQ/PEA 0.25 MIRROR-N1 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 5S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 203-209 KUP Comments: STEP-TIME=0.2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 203 HD57061 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1334.5 FP- 1 544S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: C II, C II* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 204 HD57061 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1402.5 FP- 1 326.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Si IV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 205 HD57061 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1204.5 FP- 1 435.2S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Si III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 206 HD57061 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1261.15 FP- 1 326.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: S II, Si II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 207 HD57061 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1191.8 FP- 1 518.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=6 Comments: S III, Si II(2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 209 HD57061 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1671.5 FP- 1 870.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: Al II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5896( 7) - 11/28/95 16:40 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 301 HD35149 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N1 SEARCH- 1 1.8S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 302 SIZE=3,BRIGHT=R ETURN,LOCATE=YE S Comments: STEP-TIME=0.2S; EXPECT 74000 COUNTS IN STEP- TIME ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 302 HD35149 HRS ACQ/PEA 0.25 MIRROR-N1 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 5S ONBOARD ACQ FOR 305-306 KUP Comments: STEP-TIME=0.2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 305 HD35149 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1261.15 FP- 1 435.2S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: S II, Si II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 306 HD35149 HRS ACCUM 0.25 ECH-A 1334.5 FP- 1 326.4S SPLIT=DSFOUR,ST EP-PATT=7 Comments: C II, C II* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5896( 7) - 11/28/95 16:40 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 5896 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations HRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ ACQ/PEAKUP ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters SEARCH-SIZE=3 BRIGHT=RETURN LOCATE=YES SEARCH-SIZE=5 STEP-PATT=7 FP-SPLIT=DSFOUR STEP-PATT=9 STEP-PATT=6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category Interstellar Medium ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ONBOARD ACQ FOR 102 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 103 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 104-126 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 202 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 203-209 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 302 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 305-306 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR-A1 ECH-A ECH-B ECH-B30 MIRROR-N1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HD37742 HD57061 HD35149 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------