! Proposal 5895, submission 2 ! PI: Peter Wannier ! Received Sun Mar 19 15:21:55 EST 1995 ! From: bg@mega.Jpl.Nasa.Gov ! Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 5 (1995) Phase II Proposal Template ! $Id: 5895,v 9.1 1995/07/18 17:22:52 pepsa Exp $ ! ! Refer to the HST Phase II Proposal Instructions to fill this out ! ! Anything after a "!" is ignored, and may be deleted ! ! All keywords with multiple entries are comma delimited except the ! Visit_Requirements and Special_Requirements keywords which can be ! delimited with carriage returns or semi-colons, but not commas ! ! For help call your Program Coordinator: Alice Berman ! Phone: 410 338-4462 , E-mail: aberman@stsci.edu ! ! This partially completed template was generated from a Phase I proposal. ! Proposal_Information ! Section 4 Title: The Cool Atomic and Molecular Medium: Spectroscopy of the B5 Molecular Cloud Halo Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: Interstellar Medium Cycle: 5 Investigators PI_name: Peter Wannier PI_Institution: Jet Propulsion Laboratory CoI_Name: B-G Andersson CoI_Institution: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Steve Federman CoI_Institution: University of Toledo Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: David Lambert CoI_Institution: University of Texas Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Jason Cardelli CoI_Institution: University of Wisconsin Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) Abstract: ! Free format text (please update) The cool atomic and molecular medium (CAMM) plays a pivotal role in the evolution of the ISM, shielding dense clouds from ionizing radiation and providing formation sites for simple molecules. Yet, observations of this component have been hampered by observational difficulties. For optical and UV absorption line studies, the problem is one of sampling: lines of sight to the brightest stars often miss the CAMM, usually found near dense, obscuring clouds. The present proposal uses the GHRS to target three stars near B5, a quiescent molecular cloud lying well below the Galactic Plane. We have carried out a program of supporting observations of B5, including full maps of radio wavelength CO and HI, and absorption line studies at HI (21 cm) and at optical wavelengths (CH, CH+ and CaII). Even in the quiescent B5, velocity offsets between the lines of different molecular and atomic species suggest that the atomic medium participates in (or is a result of?) active flows. The GHRS will provide the spectral resolution necessary to resolve the kinematics, along with the sensitivity required to target stars lying near B5. Wavelength settings are for CI, CO and C2. Together these spectral lines will yield gas pressure and density and information needed to understand the cloud structure, kinematics and chemical processes. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: ! Updated 6/23/95 - AFB We have chosen 3 stars in B5 to study with the GHRS, representing a subset of those already observed by us at optical wavelengths. The stars are picked to lie at different distances from the boundary of the CO cloud, their displacements from cloud center given in units of the CO cloud size. The 3 stars sample material is from 2 to 8 times the CO cloud size, providing complete coverage of possible stratification in the halo. The visual extinctions for all 3 stars all lie between 0.8 and 1.0, so that the same choice of spectral lines has been used for each star. We have chosen to use three wavelength settings, centered at 1272, 1279 and 1344 Angstroms. A wide range of line strengths is crucial in order to construct curves of growth and from these settings we can obtain complete information from a minimum of separate exposures. For CI the lines span (in terms of log(f- lamda)) -0.307 to 2.09; for CI*: -1.08 to 1.97; for CI**: -2.87 to 2.02 and for CO -0.08 to 1.29. The 1272A wavelength interval has weak CI lines for all three fine structure levels, important for establishing curves of growth. These are the only low f-value lines easily accessible to ECH-A (for the lines at ~ 1613A ECH-A has less than half the sensitivity). The 1279A wavelength interval provides stronger CI lines (for all three states) and the weak 12CO[A- X] (10-0) line, to establish its abundance in the lower rotational levels. The 1344A wavelength interval has 12CO and 13CO[A-X] (7-0) bands, ten times stronger than 10-0 band, and providing an intermediate point on the CO curve of growth. In addition, this band contains the C2 (F-X) band, providing a measure of rotational excitation in regions of somewhat higher density (cf., Federman et al., 1994). The integration times have been calculated assuming use of the Large Science Aperture (FP-SPLIT=4), taking account of the measured stellar fluxes, of the sensitivity of ECH-A, and of the blaze function. We have chosen to use the LSA to take advantage of its larger throughput, accepting a slight degradation in resolution. The stellar fluxes (at 1365A) were taken from TD1 satellite observations. The proposed S/N is in column 4, calculated per diode (rather than per pixel) although we expect to use the full spectral information for stronger lines (and the brighter stars). We will use STEP-PATT=7, four pixels per diode. After a thorough review of the available spectral lines, we feel that the best information is available by choosing comparable total integration times for each star, rather than by aiming for a fixed S/N ratio and identical spectral coverage. For a fixed number of orbits, the improved information available from the weaker features in the brighter stars more than offsets the loss in S/N in the weaker objects. From the complete information set, we will be able not only to derive the required pressures and temperatures and abundances, but we will also have enough redundancy in the brightest two stars to provide internal checks on our analysis, especially in terms of assumed homogeneity of the CAMM. Real_Time_Justification: None Calibration_Justification: None Additional_Comments: Fixed_Targets ! Target coordinates updated from Hipparcos 6/13/95 - AFB Target_Number: 1 Target_Name: HD22951 Alternate_Names: 40-PER, GSC2363-02185 Description: ISM, HI CLOUD, STAR, B0-B2 V-IV, Position: RA = 03H 42M 22.56S +/- 0.01S, DEC = 33D 57' 53.6" +/- 0.1" Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = +19.6 RA_PM: -0.0017 Dec_PM: -0.019 Epoch: 2000.000 Annual_Parallax: Flux: V = 5.00 B-V = -0.02 E(B-V) = 0.27 F-CONT(1365) = 7.78 E-10 Comments: Updated target data from Hipparcos INCA ! Original values: ! Position: RA = 3H 39M 11.98S +/- 0.01S, ! DEC = +33D 48' 22.4" +/- 0.1", ! Equinox: 1950.0 ! Epoch: 1950.0 ! Flux: V = 4.97 ! RA_PM: -0.0012 ! Dec_PM: -0.016 Target_Number: 2 Target_Name: HD23180 Alternate_Names: OMI-PER, 38-PER, GSC2359-01258 Description: ISM, HI CLOUD, STAR, B0-B2 III-I, Position: RA = 03H 44M 19.06S +/- 0.01S, DEC = 32D 17' 16.6" +/- 0.1" Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = +18.5 RA_PM: +0.0006 Dec_PM: -0.009 Epoch: 2000.000 Annual_Parallax: Flux: V = 3.78 B-V = +0.08 E(B-V) = 0.35 F-CONT(1365) = 7.83 E-10 Comments: Updated target data from Hipparcos INCA ! Original values: ! Position: RA = 3H 41M 10.597S +/- 0.001S, ! DEC = +32D 07' 53.46" +/- 0.01", ! Equinox: 1950.0 ! Epoch: 1950.0 ! Flux: V = 3.82 ! RA_PM: +0.002 ! Dec_PM: -0.002 Target_Number: 3 Target_Name: HD23625 Alternate_Names: HE1163, GSC2360-01926 Description: ISM, HI CLOUD, STAR, B0-B2 V-IV Position: RA = 03H 47M 52.61S +/- 0.02S, DEC = 33D 35' 59.6" +/- 0.2" Equinox: J2000 RV_or_Z: V = +20.0 RA_PM: +0.0003 Dec_PM: -0.012 Epoch: 2000.000 Annual_Parallax: Flux: V = 6.90 B-V = +0.08 E(B-V) = 0.31 F-CONT(1365) = 7.60 E-11 Comments: Updated target data from Hipparcos INCA ! Original values: ! Position: RA = 3H 44M 41.95S +/- 0.01S, ! DEC = +33D 26' 48.0" +/- 0.1", ! Equinox: 1950.0 ! Epoch: 1950.0 ! Flux: V = 6.57 ! RA_PM: +0.0004 ! Dec_PM: -0.007 Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 1 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 10 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD22951 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N1 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN, SEARCH-SIZE=3 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.8S ! Changed from 5.0S 6/13/95 Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 11-13 Comments: CENTER IN LSA, BRIGHTEST STAR IN FIELD TIME-STEP=0.2S Exposure_Number: 11 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD22951 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1272.13 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 7.29M Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 12 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD22951 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1279.17 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 7.29M Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 13 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD22951 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1344.69 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.65M Special_Requirements: Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number:2 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 20 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD23180 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N1 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN, SEARCH-SIZE=3 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.8S ! Changed from 5.0S 6/13/95 Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 21-23 Comments: CENTER IN LSA, BRIGHTEST STAR IN FIELD TIME-STEP=0.2S Exposure_Number: 21 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD23180 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1272.13 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 7.29M Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 22 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD23180 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1279.17 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 7.29M Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 23 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD23180 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1344.69 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.65M Special_Requirements: Comments: Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 3 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 30 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD23625 Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N1 Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN, SEARCH-SIZE=3 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.8S ! Changed from 5.0S 6/13/95 Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 31-33 Comments: CENTER IN LSA, BRIGHTEST STAR IN FIELD TIME-STEP=0.2S Exposure_Number: 31 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD23625 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1272.13 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 2 Time_Per_Exposure: 10.9M Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 32 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD23625 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1279.17 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 2 Time_Per_Exposure: 12.7M Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 33 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: HD23625 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: ECH-A Wavelength: 1344.69 Optional_Parameters: FP-SPLIT=STD, STEP-PATT=7, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 18.16M Special_Requirements: Data_Distribution ! 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