! Proposal 5875, submission 1
! PI: Gibor Basri
! Received Tue Feb 28 22:47:35 EST 1995
! From: fwalter@hrssun.gsfc.nasa.gov
! Hubble Space Telescope Cycle 5 (1995) Phase II Proposal Template
! $Id: 5875,v 7.1 1995/08/04 18:41:54 pepsa Exp $
!
!   Refer to the HST Phase II Proposal Instructions to fill this out
!
!   Anything after a "!" is ignored, and may be deleted
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!   All keywords with multiple entries are comma delimited except the
!   Visit_Requirements and Special_Requirements keywords which can be
!   delimited with carriage returns or semi-colons, but not commas
!
! For help call your Program Coordinator: Alice Berman
!             Phone: 410 338-4462    , E-mail: aberman@stsci.edu
!
! This partially completed template was generated from a Phase I proposal.
!

Proposal_Information                           ! Section 4
              Title:  Hot Winds in T Tauri Stars?
  Proposal_Category:  GO
Scientific_Category:  Cool Stars
             Cycle:    5

Investigators
     PI_name:         Gibor Basri
     PI_Institution:  University of California

          CoI_Name:   Frederick Walter
   CoI_Institution:   State University of New York at Stony Brook
           Contact:   Y         ! Y or N (designate at most one contact)

          CoI_Name:   Lee Hartmann
   CoI_Institution:   Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
           Contact:             ! Y or N (designate at most one contact)

          CoI_Name:   Christopher Johns
   CoI_Institution:   University of Texas
           Contact:             ! Y or N (designate at most one contact)


Abstract:                                ! Free format text (please update)
    Interest in T Tauri stars is high because they are surrounded
    by accretion disks like the solar nebula, and because they
    provide the best view of the mass loss mechanism responsible
    for bipolar outflows, protostellar jets, and the winds which
    play a big role in fixing the angular momentum and possibly
    the mass of the newly formed star.  In Cycle 2 we obtained the
    first good high resolution observations of the ultraviolet
    emission lines formed in the interface between star and disk.
    These demonstrated that emission arises both in narrow
    components likely confined by the stellar magnetic field, and
    in broad components diagnostic of the accretion disk
    interaction with the star.  There were several surprises; we
    did not expect material at 10^5K to so closely resemble the
    optical profiles.  Especially tantalizing are hints that the
    wind itself may contain such hot material, possibly even
    optically thick.  This has strong implications for the
    mechanism driving the outflow.  In particular it may be
    difficult to produce such material in the magnetocentifugally
    driven winds which currently hold favor.  We propose a program
    aimed specifically at the question of to what extent hot
    material exists in T Tauri winds.  We will examine stars
    selected specifically for their wind diagnostics, and expand
    our coverage of stellar masses.  We will also examine for the
    first time pre--main sequence stars without disks, to
    disentangle purely stellar phenomena.

Questions                       ! Free format text (please update)

     Observing_Description:
         Our observing program is constructed to look at stars in
         which the suggestion of a wind is strong, and which have
         strong UV emission lines. We expand the coverage of stellar
         spectral types; one might expect real differences if the star
         has a lot to do with the wind, and minimal differences if the
         disk is primarily responsible.  DG Tau is a target with a
         strong P Cygni profile in H Alpha.  A recent HST imaging
         experiment^14 has shown that a highly collimated jet can be
         seen already in place down to a few AU from this star.  It is
         an even stronger wind case than DR Tau.  If our fundamental
         premise is correct, the evidence for blueshifted absorption
         in hot lines should be strongest in this target.  We would
         also like to repeat DR Tau for two reasons (see Duplications
         section). Another bright target is T Tau
         itself (K1).  It (naturally) shows a ``classical'' H Alpha
         profile with blueshifted absorption (not down to the
         continuum), and we have good optical coverage of it.  Despite
         the complexities of the system in the infrared, the UV
         emission is likely to come almost entirely from the primary
         star. Finally, we can no longer
         put off observing examples of pre--main sequence stars
         without a disks.  This is particularly important in light of
         the Si IV anomaly described in the section on Related HST
         Programs; it is important to understand whether it can have a
         stellar origin. In general we must know what young stars can
         produce on their own, before interpreting the profiles from
         disk systems.  A good example of this is the report^15 of low
         broad wings in AU Mic (dMe) which are ascribed to
         microflaring; such wings in CTTS would be interpreted as due
         to turbulent accretion.  We will observe a diskless star
         analogous to our low mass Taurus CTTS (HBC 388).
         In all cases we propose to observe the
         C IV, Si IV, and Mg II spectral regions as before.  The main
         science is obvious from the description of our previous program.
         We have estimated exposure times based on our previous
         exposures for DR Tau and IUE measurements of line flux for
         the other stars.  The orbit requirements given should yield
         spectra of the quality of our RW Aur spectra in almost all
         cases.  We have allowed for the fact that there are broad
         components in most lines.  It is clear from the required
         exposures that HST/GHRS is the only instrument capable of
         doing this project.  We will again take WAVECAL exposures;
         the need for this is graphically demonstrated by the odd
         velocity structure in Si IV described below.

   Real_Time_Justification:

         As in our last program, we will make every attempt to obtain
         supporting ground--based observations.  These will preferably
         be high dispersion spectra, although low dispersion spectra
         or photometry are also valuable.  While impossible to insure
         pre--scheduled observatory time, we were able to make coude
         auxillary observations on short notice, and prevail upon our
         friends to make supporting observations.  The same facilities
         at Lick Observatory will be available again, and additionally
         CJ has access to the spectroscopes at McDonald Observatory.
         Automated photometric telescopes owned by UC Berkeley will be
         available for photometric monitoring.  Finally, we have an
         ongoing monitoring program for most of the targets that will
         place them in a longer term context.


Calibration_Justification:  We will obtain WAVE observations prior to the
        Si IV spectra, in order to confirm the anomalous wavelengths we
        observed last time.

      Additional_Comments:


Fixed_Targets                           ! Section 5.1

! Updated target section 7/12/95

  Target_Number: 1
    Target_Name: DG-Tau
Alternate_Names: GSC1820-00330
    Description: STAR
       Position: RA=4H 27M 4.71S +/- 0.02S,
                 DEC=26D 06' 16.78" +/- 0.2",
                 PLATE-ID=000L
        Equinox: J2000
        RV_or_Z:
          RA_PM:                        ! Units are seconds of time per year
         Dec_PM:                        ! Units are seconds of arc per year
          Epoch: 1983.020
Annual_Parallax:
           Flux: V=12.01+/-0.3,
                 B-V=0.93+/-0.1
       Comments: Coordinates are from GSC

  Target_Number: 2
    Target_Name: DR-Tau
Alternate_Names: GSC1271-01233
    Description: STAR
       Position: RA=4H 47M 6.22S +/- 0.02S,
                 DEC=16D 58' 43.39" +/- 0.1",
                 PLATE-ID=00FI
        Equinox: J2000
        RV_or_Z:
          RA_PM:                        ! Units are seconds of time per year
         Dec_PM:                        ! Units are seconds of arc per year
          Epoch: 1982.959 
Annual_Parallax:
           Flux: V=11.2+/-0.2,
                 B-V=0.64+/-0.1
       Comments: Coordinates are from GSC

  Target_Number: 3
    Target_Name: T-Tau
Alternate_Names: HD284419,GSC1272-00470
    Description: STAR
       Position: RA=4H 21M 59.40S +/- 0.1S,
                 DEC=19D 32' 7.5" +/- 0.3",
                 PLATE-ID=000O
        Equinox: J2000
        RV_or_Z:
          RA_PM:                        ! Units are seconds of time per year
         Dec_PM:                        ! Units are seconds of arc per year
          Epoch: 1982.959
Annual_Parallax:
           Flux: V=10.30+/-0.7,
                 B-V=1.20+/-0.2
       Comments: Coordinates are from GSC

  Target_Number: 4
    Target_Name: HBC388
Alternate_Names: GSC1269-00913
    Description: STAR
       Position: RA=4H 27M 10.57S +/- 0.01S,
                 DEC=17D 50' 42.40" +/- 0.2",
                 PLATE-ID=000P
        Equinox: J2000
        RV_or_Z:
          RA_PM:                        ! Units are seconds of time per year
         Dec_PM:                        ! Units are seconds of arc per year
          Epoch: 1982.962 
Annual_Parallax:
           Flux: V=10.34+/-0.2,
                 B-V=0.79+/-0.05
       Comments: Coordinates are from GSC


Visits                                  ! Section 6
      Visit_Number: 1
Visit_Requirements:                     ! Section 7.1
    Visit_Comments:

     Exposure_Number: 10                 ! Section 6.5
         Target_Name: DG-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACQ
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2
 Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN,SEARCH-SIZE=3
Number_of_Iterations: 1
   Time_Per_Exposure: 18.0S
!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 11
Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 12-18
            Comments: STEP-TIME=2.0S

!     Exposure_Number: 11                 ! Section 6.5
!         Target_Name: DG-Tau
!              Config: HRS
!              Opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP
!            Aperture: 2.0
!          Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2
! Optional_Parameters: 
!Number_of_Iterations: 1
!   Time_Per_Exposure: 204S
!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 12-18
!            Comments: STEP-TIME=2.0S

     Exposure_Number: 12
         Target_Name: DG-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G270M
          Wavelength: 2799
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 4    !5
   Time_Per_Exposure: 163.2S
Special_Requirements:
 
!     Exposure_Number: 13
!         Target_Name: DG-Tau
!              Config: HRS
!              Opmode: ACCUM
!            Aperture: 2.0
!          Sp_Element: G160M
!          Wavelength: 1342
! Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
!Number_of_Iterations: 4
!   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
!Special_Requirements:
 
     Exposure_Number: 14
         Target_Name: DG-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1552
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 18      !21
   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
Special_Requirements:
 
     Exposure_Number: 15
         Target_Name: WAVE
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: SC2
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1400
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=3
Number_of_Iterations: 1
   Time_Per_Exposure: 28.8S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 16
         Target_Name: DG-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1400
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 19     !21
   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
Special_Requirements:
 
     Exposure_Number: 17
         Target_Name: DG-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1400
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 18     !20
   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
Special_Requirements:
 
     Exposure_Number: 18
         Target_Name: DG-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G270M
          Wavelength: 2799
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 3
   Time_Per_Exposure: 190.4S
Special_Requirements:

Visits                                  ! Section 6
      Visit_Number: 2
Visit_Requirements:                     ! Section 7.1
    Visit_Comments:

     Exposure_Number: 20                 ! Section 6.5
         Target_Name: DR-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACQ
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2
 Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN,SEARCH-SIZE=3
Number_of_Iterations: 1
   Time_Per_Exposure: 18.0S
!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 21
Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 22-28
            Comments: STEP-TIME=2.0S

!     Exposure_Number: 21
!         Target_Name: DR-Tau
!              Config: HRS
!              Opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP
!            Aperture: 2.0
!          Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2
! Optional_Parameters: 
!Number_of_Iterations: 1
!   Time_Per_Exposure: 204S
!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 22-28
!            Comments: STEP-TIME=2.0S

     Exposure_Number: 22
         Target_Name: DR-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G270M
          Wavelength: 2799
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 7
   Time_Per_Exposure: 163.2S

     Exposure_Number: 23
         Target_Name: WAVE
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: SC2
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1552
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=3
Number_of_Iterations: 1
   Time_Per_Exposure: 28.8S
Special_Requirements: 

     Exposure_Number: 24
         Target_Name: DR-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1552
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 20     !23
   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 25
         Target_Name: DR-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1342
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 5
   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 28
         Target_Name: DR-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G270M
          Wavelength: 2799
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 4     !5
   Time_Per_Exposure: 163.2S
Special_Requirements:

Visits                                  ! Section 6
      Visit_Number: 3
Visit_Requirements:                     ! Section 7.1
    Visit_Comments:

     Exposure_Number: 30                 ! Section 6.5
         Target_Name: T-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACQ
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2
 Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN,SEARCH-SIZE=3
Number_of_Iterations: 1
   Time_Per_Exposure: 9.0S
!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 31-38
Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 32-38
            Comments: STEP-TIME=1.0S

!     Exposure_Number: 31
!         Target_Name: T-Tau
!              Config: HRS
!              Opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP
!            Aperture: 2.0
!          Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2
! Optional_Parameters: 
!Number_of_Iterations: 1
!   Time_Per_Exposure: 102S
!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 34-38
!            Comments: STEP-TIME=1.0S

     Exposure_Number: 32
         Target_Name: T-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G270M
          Wavelength: 2799
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 4
   Time_Per_Exposure: 108.8S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 34
         Target_Name: T-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1342
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 5
   Time_Per_Exposure: 272S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 35
         Target_Name: T-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1497
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 5
   Time_Per_Exposure: 272S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 36
         Target_Name: T-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1552
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 4
   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
Special_Requirements:
 
     Exposure_Number: 37
         Target_Name: WAVE
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: SC2
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1400
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=3
Number_of_Iterations: 1
   Time_Per_Exposure: 28.8S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 38
         Target_Name: T-Tau
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1400
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 9
   Time_Per_Exposure: 272S
Special_Requirements:

Visits                                  ! Section 6
      Visit_Number: 4
Visit_Requirements:                     ! Section 7.1
    Visit_Comments:

     Exposure_Number: 40                 ! Section 6.5
         Target_Name: HBC388
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACQ
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2
 Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN,SEARCH-SIZE=3
Number_of_Iterations: 1
   Time_Per_Exposure: 9.0S
!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 41
Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 44-48
            Comments: STEP-TIME=1.0S

!     Exposure_Number: 41
!         Target_Name: HBC388
!              Config: HRS
!              Opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP
!            Aperture: 2.0
!          Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2
! Optional_Parameters: 
!Number_of_Iterations: 1
!   Time_Per_Exposure: 102S
!!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 42-48
!Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 44-48
!            Comments: STEP-TIME=1.0S

!     Exposure_Number: 45
!         Target_Name: WAVE
!              Config: HRS
!              Opmode: ACCUM
!            Aperture: SC2
!          Sp_Element: G160M
!          Wavelength: 1552
! Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=3
!Number_of_Iterations: 1
!   Time_Per_Exposure: 28.8S
!Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 44
         Target_Name: HBC388
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1552
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 18    !17
   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 45
         Target_Name: WAVE
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: SC2
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1400
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=3
Number_of_Iterations: 1
   Time_Per_Exposure: 28.8S
Special_Requirements:

     Exposure_Number: 46
         Target_Name: HBC388
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G160M
          Wavelength: 1400
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 20
   Time_Per_Exposure: 299.2S
Special_Requirements:
 
     Exposure_Number: 48
         Target_Name: HBC388
              Config: HRS
              Opmode: ACCUM
            Aperture: 2.0
          Sp_Element: G270M
          Wavelength: 2799
 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=5
Number_of_Iterations: 5      !4
   Time_Per_Exposure: 217.6S
Special_Requirements:

Data_Distribution                       ! Defaults indicated; change if desired

         Medium:        8MM             ! 8MM or 6250BPI or 1600BPI
Blocking_Factor:        10              ! 10 or 1

        Ship_To:  Fred Walter                      ! STSCI or PI_Address or <free-text>
                  Astronomy Program, Z=2100
                  Earth and Space Sciences Department
                  SUNY
                  Stony Brook NY 11794-2100
                                        !
       Ship_Via:        UPS             ! UPS (2-day) or OVERNIGHT
                                        ! Overnight shipping done at PI expense

Recipient_Email: fwalter@astro.sunysb.edu ! Needed if Ship_To: is not PI_Address
                                        ! <free-text>

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