! Proposal 5833, submission 1 ! PI: James Lequeux ! Received Tue Mar 28 11:20:54 EST 1995 ! From: kunth@iap.fr Proposal_Information ! Section 4 Title: The nature of the Lyman alpha emission from galaxies Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: Galaxies & Clusters Cycle: 5 Investigators PI_name: James Lequeux PI_Institution: Observatoire de Paris CoI_Name: Angeles Diaz-Beltran CoI_Institution: Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Michael Fall CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Daniel Kunth CoI_Institution: Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Miguel Mas-Hesse CoI_Institution: Laboratorio de Astrofisica Espacial y Fisica Fundamental , Madrid Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Elena Terlevich CoI_Institution: Institute of Astronomy; University of Cambridge Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Roberto Terlevich CoI_Institution: Royal Greenwich Observatory Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) Abstract: ! Free format text (please update) Lyman alpha photons are produced in abundance in HII regions but their escape from galaxies is problematic. This is an important problem as the observed Lyman alpha emission is often used as a tracer of massive star formation in distant galaxies and in searches for protogalaxies. We have recently obtained a GHRS spectrum of the HII galaxy Haro 2 around Lyman alpha and OI 1302Angstrom . We found a neutral galactic wind which produces Lyman alpha and OI absorptions and expands at 150 kms. We also see Lyman alpha in emission but redshifted by 140 kms with respect to the HII region. Either this line peeps out through a hole in the neutral wind, or much more probably the high-velocity photons escape because there is little matter at this velocity, in any case after considerable scattering in the neutral hydrogen. This unique observation opens new insights into the emission of Lyman alpha by galaxies. We now propose to study the profile and measure the relative velocity of the (known) Lyman alpha emission in other HII galaxies with respect to that of the neutral gas in front of the HII region and to that of the HII region itself, using the same method as for Haro 2. Our sample contains 3 galaxies. The comparison between these results should yield a definitive understanding of how Lyman alpha radiation leaves galaxies. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: All the galaxies we are proposing have been observed with IUE, and their redshifts were high enough to separate the intrinsic Lyman alpha emission line from the geocoronal Lyman alpha. From the flux we have measured in the continuum we can easily compute the exposure time needed to reach a S/N=10 for the brighter objects in the 1215A range . Such a S/N in the continuum is necessary in order to be able to detect STRUCTURES such as the broad absorption in the blue wing of the Lyman alpha line in Haro 2 spectrum. A similar S/N of 10 is demanded to measure the position and the width of the OI position as explained above. We can achieve such a S/N by binning over 4 diodes without loosing much resolution since the objects are much more extended than the LSA. Our targets have IUE fluxes around 4E-14 erg/sec/cm**2/Angstrom at 1300Angstrom and have redshifts large enough to allow for a small correction going from IUE aperture to LSA aperture. We assume a correction factor of about 2 to estimate their continuum flux in the LSA, although it is clear that this procedure remains uncertain. Using Haro 2 as a reference target, as well as the figures given in the GHRS Instrument Handbook (for the efficiency of G160M and taking into account the dark noise) we come with the following results:, S/N=10 after binning over 4 diodes will be obtained in 1.8 H at 1216Angstrom, S/N=10 after binning over 4 diodes will be obtained in 1.4 H at 1300Angstrom. Due to guide star and target acquisitions and the necessary overheads these exposure times translate into 5 orbits per target. Real_Time_Justification: Calibration_Justification: ! Move appropriate text from Real_Time_Justification Additional_Comments: Fixed_Targets ! Section 5.1 Target_Number:1 Target_Name:ESO003426-3349 Alternate_Names:HARO11 Description:GALAXY ! Position:RA = 00H 36M 52.48S +/- 0.2", original Position:RA = 00H 36M 52.28S +/- 0.2", DEC = -33D 33' 18.19" +/- 0.2" Equinox:J2000 RV_or_Z: V = +6156 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: B=14.27 +/- 0.21 B-V = 0.0 +/- 0.2 F-CONT(1285)= 2.0 +/- 0.5 E-14 Comments:THIS IS THE EXPECTED FLUX IN THE LSA APERTURE Target_Number:2 Target_Name:ESO203431-3539 Alternate_Names:FAIRALL1165 Description:GALAXY Position:RA = 20H 37M 41.87S +/- 0.2", DEC = -35D 29' 06.4" +/- 0.2" Equinox:J2000 RV_or_Z: V = +5900 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: B=14.22 +/- 0.21 B-V = 0.0 +/- 0.2 F-CONT(1285)= 2.0 +/- 0.5 E-14 Comments:THIS IS THE EXPECTED FLUX IN THE LSA APERTURE Target_Number:3 Target_Name:IRAS08339+6517 Alternate_Names: Description:GALAXY Position:RA = 08H 38M 23.20S +/- 0.2", DEC = 65D 07' 15.0" +/- 0.2" Equinox:J2000 RV_or_Z: V = +5608 RA_PM: ! Units are seconds of time per year Dec_PM: ! Units are seconds of arc per year Epoch: Annual_Parallax: Flux: B=14.16 +/- 0.3 B-V = 0.0 +/- 0.2 F-CONT(1285)= 2.0 +/- 0.5 E-14 Comments:THIS IS THE EXPECTED FLUX IN THE LSA APERTURE ! This is a template for a single visit containing a single exposure ! Repeat exposure and visit blocks as needed Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number:1 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 On_Hold_Comments: Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number:1 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:ESO003426-3349 Config:HRS Opmode:ACQ Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:MIRROR-N2 Optional_Parameters:BRIGHT=RETURN, SEARCH-SIZE=5, LOCATE=EXTENDED Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:125S Special_Requirements:ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3 ! Section 7.2 Comments: STEP-TIME = 5 s Exposure_Number:2 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:ESO003426-3349 Config:HRS Opmode:ACCUM Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:G160M Wavelength:1241 Optional_Parameters:STEP-PATT=DEF, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations:6 Time_Per_Exposure:19.89M Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number:3 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:ESO003426-3349 Config:HRS Opmode:ACCUM Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:G160M Wavelength:1330 Optional_Parameters:STEP-PATT=DEF, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations:4 Time_Per_Exposure:19.6M Special_Requirements: Visit_Number:2 Exposure_Number:4 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:ESO203431-3539 Config:HRS Opmode:ACQ Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:MIRROR-N2 Optional_Parameters:BRIGHT=RETURN, SEARCH-SIZE=5, LOCATE=EXTENDED Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:125S Special_Requirements:ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5-6 ! Section 7.2 Comments: STEP-TIME = 5 s Exposure_Number:5 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:ESO203431-3539 Config:HRS Opmode:ACCUM Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:G160M Wavelength:1240 Optional_Parameters:STEP-PATT=DEF, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations:6 Time_Per_Exposure:20.07M Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number:6 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:ESO203431-3539 Config:HRS Opmode:ACCUM Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:G160M Wavelength:1330 Optional_Parameters:STEP-PATT=DEF, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations:4 Time_Per_Exposure:20M Special_Requirements: Visit_Number:3 Exposure_Number:7 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:IRAS08339+6517 Config:HRS Opmode:ACQ Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:MIRROR-N2 Optional_Parameters:BRIGHT=RETURN, SEARCH-SIZE=5, LOCATE=EXTENDED Number_of_Iterations:1 Time_Per_Exposure:125S Special_Requirements:ONBOARD ACQ FOR 8-9 ! Section 7.2 Comments: STEP-TIME = 5 s Exposure_Number:8 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:IRAS08339+6517 Config:HRS Opmode:ACCUM Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:G160M Wavelength:1239 Optional_Parameters:STEP-PATT=DEF, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations:6 Time_Per_Exposure:22.5M Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number:9 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name:IRAS08339+6517 Config:HRS Opmode:ACCUM Aperture:2.0 Sp_Element:G160M Wavelength:1327 Optional_Parameters:STEP-PATT=DEF, COMB=FOUR, DOPPLER=DEF Number_of_Iterations:4 Time_Per_Exposure:20M Special_Requirements: Comments: Data_Distribution ! Defaults indicated; change if desired Medium: 8MM ! 8MM or 6250BPI or 1600BPI Blocking_Factor: 10 ! 10 or 1 ! 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