! $Id: 5679,v 11.1 1994/07/27 20:19:18 pepsa Exp $ coverpage: title_1: SOFT X-RAY TRANSIENTS: OUTBURSTS IN BLACK HOLE ACCRETION DISKS sci_cat: HOT STARS sci_subcat: X-RAY BINARIES proposal_for: GO/CAR cont_id: 4377 targ_of_opp: Y pi_fname: KEITH pi_lname: HORNE pi_inst: UTRECHT pi_country: NL hours_pri: 9.33 num_pri: 1 fos: Y funds_length: 12 off_fname: HERVEY off_mi: P. off_lname: STOCKMAN off_title: DEPUTY DIRECTOR off_inst: 3470 off_addr_1: 3700 SAN MARTIN DRIVE off_city: BALTIMORE off_state: MD off_zip: 21218 off_country: USA off_phone: 410-338-4730 ! end of coverpage abstract: line_1: We will observe soft X-ray transients (SXTs) as targets of opportunity line_2: using the FOS at UV wavelengths. This is part of an extensive line_3: multiwavelength campaign to monitor newly discovered SXTs in outburst line_4: and throughout the subsequent decline. Recent work establishes that a line_5: high proportion of SXTs harbor black holes, so these observations provide line_6: an unrivalled opportunity to obtain high quality data from an accreting line_7: black hole. UV data is a keystone of the multiwavelength campaign because line_8: the disk regions of interest radiate predominantly in the UV. Emission line_9: lines will allow us to probe the kinematics of the inner disk region. line_10: We will examine the reprocessed X-ray flux emitted in the UV, and the line_11: UV flux generated by viscous heating in the accretion flow. line_12: Multiwavelength observations will probe the changing morphology of the line_13: accretion flow throughout the outburst. The observations will yield a line_14: detailed quantitative test of the thermal disk instability model for line_15: SXT outbursts. The interpretation of FOS observations of the SXT Nova line_16: Muscae 1991 demonstrated the critical importance to this test of line_17: recording the UV and optical spectrum during the decline. ! ! end of abstract general_form_proposers: lname: HORNE fname: KEITH title: PI inst: UTRECHT UNIVERSITY country: NL ! lname: CHENG fname: FUHUA inst: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND country: USA ! lname: SHRADER fname: CHRIS mi: R. inst: NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER country: USA ! lname: HASWELL fname: CAROLE mi: A. inst: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY country: USA ! lname: CHEN fname: WAN inst: NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER country: USA ! lname: LIVIO fname: MARIO inst: STSCI country: USA ! ! end of general_form_proposers block general_form_text: question: 3 section: 1 line_1: We plan 1 visit to the target in quiescence. Details of the line_2: timing of the visit and the exposure times are given in section 4b. line_3: We plan to observe the target SXT with the FOS in each of the line_4: following modes: line_5: Blue digicon / G160L, PRISM line_6: Red digicon / G270H, G400H, PRISM line_7: to obtain spectral coverage from 1100A to 6000A. These exposures line_8: will operate in RAPID mode, with READ-TIME=6.18s. This allows line_9: us to monitor short timescale variability, with good spectral line_10: resolution (SUB-STEP=4). The exposures are interleaved to allow line_11: coverage of variations around the binary orbit cycle. ! question: 5 section: 1 line_1: We plan 1 visit to the target at quiescence. The following table line_2: gives details of the observing strategy, aiming to record the line_3: spectrum and light curve of GROJ0422+32. line_4: FOS/RD TA1, TA2, PRISM, G270H, PRISM, G400H line_5: . 8 35 8 35 line_6: FOS/BL TA1, TA2, PRISM, G160L, PRISM, G160L, PRISM, G160L, PRISM line_7: . 8 82 8 82 8 82 8 line_8: The numbers in the table above give exposure times in minutes. line_9: All observations are in RAPID mode with READ-TIME=6.18s. line_10: Interleaved prism exposures aid in combining spectra of variable line_11: target, and serve to monitor binary orbit variations. line_12: At Peg Stanley's request we've broken the proposal into 2 scheduling line_13: units to make it easier to schedule. This compromises science line_14: unless the two units are scheduled close together in time. ! question: 5 section: 2 line_1: The planned observations are now reduced to one visit because HST line_2: scheduling delays have allowed GROJ0422+32 to fade considerably, line_3: essentially back to its quiescent level. Cycle 1 HST observations line_4: of the SXT A0620-00, taken 14 years after its 1975 outburst, showed line_5: very low ultraviolet flux, indicating that accretion to the black line_6: hole had essentially halted. The present observations of GROJ0422+32 line_7: will test whether accretion is similarly halted, or whether it line_8: continues to occur in the early quiescent phase following its line_9: Aug 1992 outburst. The observations should therefore line_10: be made as soon as possible, subject to the Cycle 3 TAC line_11: requirement that this TOO proposal must not unduely disrupt line_12: the normal scheduling process. ! question: 8 section: 1 line_1: There is a significant likelihood of a major SXT occurring during the line_2: duration of this proposal. Recurrence times of an individual sources line_4: vary greatly, but there has been over the last 4 years about one line_5: major event per year. line_6: These events are readily detectable by the Burst and Transient Source line_7: Experiment (BATSE) onboard Compton GRO. For example, several recent, line_8: much less dramatic events were discovered: a recurrent outbursts of 4U 1543-47 line_9: in April 1992 (Harmon, B.A. et al. 1992 IAU Circular no. 5504) and EXO 1846-031 line_10: (Shrader,C.R. and Wagner,R.M. in preparation). At the time of this writing line_11: (phase I), a new transient event has been discovered, and localized to an line_12: accuracy of 0.2 degrees similarities (Harmon, et al. 1992 IAU circ. 5584). line_13: Since the distance, the intrinsic brightness,and the galactic line_14: extinction are all totally unknown prior to an outburst, we will need to line_15: update our detailed observation plan prior to activation of the program. As line_16: discussed in other sections of the proposal, our complementary target of line_17: opportunity programs on IUE and Compton GRO will supply us with the necessary line_18: information. As discussed in section 4, we will then use information obtained line_19: through our IUE target of opportunity program to assess the feasibility and line_20: scientific value of HST observations. ! ! !end of general form text general_form_address: lname: Horne fname: Keith category: PI inst: University of Utrecht addr_1: Astronomical Institute addr_2: Postbus 80000 addr_3: Princetonplein 5 city: Utrecht state: zip: 3508-TA country: NL phone: 31-30-535234 ! ! end of general_form_address records fixed_targets: targnum: 1 name_1: GROJ0422+32 name_2: NOVA-PERSEI-1992 descr_1: A,161,162,164,165 pos_1: RA-OFF = +0.218S +/- 0.002S, pos_2: DEC-OFF = -22.27" +/- 0.2", pos_3: FROM 2 equinox: 2000 comment_1: OFFSET FROM 2 (MOVE E AND S) comment_2: FLUXVALS ARE FROM OUTBURST DATA. comment_3: WE EXPECT SOURCE TO BE FAINTER, comment_4: ASSUME FNU=NU**1/3, V=20.0, comment_5: E(B-V)=0.4 FOR EXP. CALCS. comment_6: OBJECT NOT APPARENT ON GASP PLATES comment_7: POSN FROM MARK WAGNER ASTROMETRY comment_8: RA = 04H 21M 42.787S +/- 0.2", comment_9: DEC = +32D 54' 27.09" +/- 0.2" fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V = 15.1 +/- 0.2 fluxnum_2: 2 fluxval_2: E(B-V) = 0.4 +/- 0.07 fluxnum_3: 3 fluxval_3: F-CONT(1500)= 1.0 +/- 0.25 E-14 ! targnum: 2 name_1: GROJ0422-OFFSET descr_1: I,603 pos_1: RA = 04H 21M 42.618S +/- 0.2", pos_2: DEC =+32D 54' 48.91" +/- 0.2", pos_3: PLATE-ID=0051 equinox: 2000 comment_1: OFFSET STAR comment_2: POSN FROM GASP comment_3: OFFSET STAR IS NORTH AND SLIGHTLY comment_4: WEST OF GRO J0422. CLOSE ENOUGH comment_5: THAT NO ADDNL GUIDE STAR ACQS REQD. fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V = 16.69 +/- 0.2 ! ! end of fixed targets ! No solar system records found ! No generic target records found exposure_logsheet: linenum: 1.100 targname: GROJ0422-OFFSET config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 10S priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=1, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3 param_3: SCAN-STEP-Y=1.204 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.2; req_2: SEQUENTIAL 1.1 - 3.4; req_3: CYCLE 4 / 1.1 - 11; req_4: TARG OF OPP / 1.1 - 11 ; req_5: GROUP 1.1-11 WITHIN 2D; comment_1: OBSERVE ASAP. comment_2: B-V UNKNOWN. comment_3: OK TO RE-ORDER EXPOSURES, BUT comment_4: 2.1 AND 3.1 NOT IN SAME HST ORBIT. comment_5: TO PERMIT COORDINATED OBSERVATIONS, comment_6: PLEASE NOTIFY CO-I, CAROLE HASWELL. ! linenum: 1.200 targname: GROJ0422-OFFSET config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 15S priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=6, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2, param_3: SCAN-STEP-X=.602 param_4: SCAN-STEP-Y=.602 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.3; comment_1: GASP PLATE EXTRACTIONS FOR THIS comment_2: FIELD HAVE ERRORS ~1". comment_3: USING PRECISE (0.2") ASTROMETRY comment_4: FROM MARK WAGNER FOR COORDS & comment_5: AND OFFSETS. SCAN PATTERN COVERS comment_6: DISCREPANCY BETWEEN GASP & WAGNER ! linenum: 1.300 targname: GROJ0422-OFFSET config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.5 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 15S priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=3, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, param_3: SCAN-STEP-X=0.3 param_4: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.3 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.1-3.5; comment_1: ACQUIRE WITH FOS/RD TO MINIMIZE TIME. ! linenum: 2.100 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/RD opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: PRISM num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 475.86S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 comment_1: NOT IN SAME ORBIT AS 3.1 ! linenum: 2.200 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/RD opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G270H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 2095.02S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 comment_1: PLEASE EXTEND EXPOSURE TO comment_2: FILL OUT SPACECRAFT ORBIT ! linenum: 3.100 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/RD opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: PRISM num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 475.86S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 comment_1: NOT IN SAME ORBIT AS 2.1 ! linenum: 3.200 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/RD opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 2095.02S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 comment_1: PLEASE EXTEND EXPOSURE TO comment_2: FILL OUT SPACECRAFT ORBIT ! linenum: 3.300 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/BL opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: PRISM num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 475.86S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 ! linenum: 3.400 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/BL opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G160L num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 4616.46S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 comment_1: SPLIT/EXTEND EXPOSURE TO comment_2: FILL OUT SPACECRAFT ORBITS ! linenum: 3.500 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/BL opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: PRISM num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 475.86S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 ! linenum: 4.100 targname: GROJ0422-OFFSET config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 30S priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=1, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3 param_3: SCAN-STEP-Y=1.204 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4.2; req_2: SEQUENTIAL 4.1 - 11; comment_1: OBSERVE ASAP. comment_2: B-V UNKNOWN. comment_3: TO PERMIT COORDINATED OBSERVATIONS, comment_4: PLEASE NOTIFY CO-I, CAROLE HASWELL. comment_5: DO FOS/RD ACQ IF 4.1 - 4.3 WILL NOT comment_6: SCHEDULE. ! linenum: 4.200 targname: GROJ0422-OFFSET config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 49S priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=6, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2, param_3: SCAN-STEP-X=.602 param_4: SCAN-STEP-Y=.602 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4.3; ! linenum: 4.300 targname: GROJ0422-OFFSET config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.5 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 49S priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=3, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, param_3: SCAN-STEP-X=0.3 param_4: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.3 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 7-11; ! linenum: 7.000 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/BL opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: PRISM num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 475.86S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 ! linenum: 8.000 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/BL opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G160L num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 4616.46S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 comment_1: SPLIT/EXTEND EXPOSURE TO comment_2: FILL OUT SPACECRAFT ORBITS ! linenum: 9.000 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/BL opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: PRISM num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 475.86S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 ! linenum: 10.000 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/BL opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G160L num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 4616.46S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 comment_1: SPLIT/EXTEND EXPOSURE TO comment_2: FILL OUT SPACECRAFT ORBITS ! linenum: 11.000 targname: GROJ0422+32 config: FOS/BL opmode: RAPID aperture: 4.3 sp_element: PRISM num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 475.86S priority: 1 param_1: READ-TIME=6.18 ! ! end of exposure logsheet ! No scan data records found