! $Id: 5346,v 8.1 1995/08/10 15:22:35 pepsa Exp $ coverpage: title_1: FUNDAMENTAL EVOLUTIONARY PARAMETERS OF B-SUPERGIANTS IN THE POST title_2: MAIN SEQUENCE GAP OF THE HR DIAGRAM: CYCLE4 MEDIUM sci_cat: HOT STARS sci_subcat: MASSIVE STARS proposal_for: GO pi_fname: DANIEL pi_lname: LENNON pi_inst: 5588 pi_country: GERMANY pi_phone: +49-89-92209423 hours_pri: 1.28 num_pri: 4 fos: Y off_fname: ROLF-PETER off_lname: KUDRITZKI off_title: DIRECTOR off_inst: 5588 off_addr_1: INSTITUT F ASTRONOMY U ASTROPHYSIK DER UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN off_addr_2: SCHEINERSTRASSE 1 off_addr_3: 81679 MUENCHEN 80 off_city: MUNICH off_country: GERMANY off_phone: +49-89-92209423 ! end of coverpage abstract: line_1: All stellar evolution calculations to date predict, for massive stars, the line_2: existence of a post main sequence gap in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. line_3: This gap is not observed, on the contrary the relevant region of the HR line_4: diagram is populated by early B supergiants. Consequently, the evolutionary line_5: status of these stars is uncertain, various attempts at explaining them line_6: range from post red supergiant evolution, diffusion processes in their main line_7: sequence progenitors or enhanced mass loss near the Humphreys-Davidson limit. line_8: These scenarios predict altered H/He ratios and CNO abundances as well as line_9: reduced masses in comparison to 'normal' stars, and this information is the line_10: key to understanding their evolutionary status. line_11: We propose to use FOS to obtain high S/N spectral data for four LMC early-B line_12: supergiants covering the wavelength range 1150-2300 A which will be analysed line_13: together with existing high resolution optical data to provide reliable line_14: values of the effective temperature, surface gravity, chemical composition, line_15: mass loss rate and stellar mass of each object. Highly sophisticated model line_16: atmosphere, stellar wind and 'unified' model atmosphere codes will be used line_17: in this analysis. The resulting information will be used to discriminate line_18: between various evolutionary scenarios and to constrain new stellar evolution line_19: calculations. A comparison with a parallel project for the Milky Way will line_20: yield valuable information on the importance of metallicity. ! ! end of abstract general_form_proposers: lname: LENNON fname: DANIEL title: PI mi: J inst: MUNICH UNIVERSITY country: GERMANY esa: Y ! lname: KUDRITZKI fname: ROLF-PETER inst: MUNICH UNIVERSITY country: GERMANY esa: Y ! lname: WALBORN fname: NOLAN mi: R inst: STSCI country: USA ! lname: BOHANNAN fname: BRUCE inst: NOAO country: USA ! lname: FITZPATRICK fname: EDWARD mi: L inst: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY country: USA ! lname: LANGER fname: NORBERT inst: MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR ASTROPHYSICS country: GERMANY esa: Y ! lname: VOELS fname: STEPHEN mi: A inst: NASA/GSFC country: USA esa: N ! lname: HILLIER fname: JOHN mi: D inst: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH country: USA esa: N ! lname: BUTLER fname: KEITH inst: MUNICH UNIVERSITY country: GERMANY esa: Y ! lname: HUSFELD fname: DIRK inst: MUNICH UNIVERSITY country: GERMANY esa: Y ! lname: PAULDRACH fname: ADI inst: MUNICH UNIVERSITY country: GERMANY esa: Y ! lname: PULS fname: JOACHIM inst: MUNICH UNIVERSITY country: GERMANY esa: Y ! lname: GABLER fname: RUDI inst: MUNICH UNIVERSITY country: GERMANY esa: Y ! lname: BECKER fname: SYLVIA inst: MUNICH UNIVERSITY country: GERMANY esa: Y ! ! end of general_form_proposers block general_form_text: question: 3 section: 1 line_1: Due to time constraints we will observe 4 out of a total of 7 specified (at line_2: Phase I) supergiants in the LMC. We have selected one normal and one peculiar line_3: star at each of the spectral types B1 and B1.5. The observational strategy is line_4: to complete observations for one pair of stars before proceeding with a second line_5: pair, hence we have prioritorized observations but note that these ma be line_6: interchanged to facilitate scheduling. The V magnitudes range from line_7: 11.4 to 12.1 and the spectral types are well determined from both intermediate line_8: slit spectroscopy and high dispersion echelle spectroscopy. We require two line_9: spectra of each star using the FOS and the blue detector with gratings line_10: G130H and G190H at a S/N of approximately 70. The spectral coverage will line_11: thus run from 1150A to 2300A and will contain all the important wind lines line_12: needed for our analysis; NV 1239,1243, CII 1334,1336, SiIV 1394,1403, line_13: CIV 1548,1551 and AlIII 1855,1863, plus a large number of photospheric lines line_14: due to Fe and Ni. The resolution of FOS ( approximately 200 km/s) is not a line_15: problem for the analysis of the wind features while the photospheric line line_16: spectrum suffers line_17: from such blending problems that spectral sysnthesis techniques are necessary line_18: to derive abundances in any case - provided the S/N is approximately that line_19: requested. ! question: 3 section: 2 line_1: NOTE THAT THESE TARGETS ARE ALL THE SUBJECT OF A CYCLE 3 (ID 4556) SUPPLEMENTAL line_2: PROPOSAL. IN THE EVENT OF SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF ANY PART OF PROGRAM 4556 WE line_3: REQUEST THE OPPORTUNITY TO REVIEW THE SELECTION OF TARGETS FOR THE PRESENT line_4: PROGRAM FROM THE ORIGINAL LIST OF 7 STARS. ! question: 4 section: 1 line_1: The UV spectrum is essential for our analysis as it provides crucial information line_2: about the atmospheres and winds of our objects. The UV stellar wind lines line_3: provide us with estimates of v(infinity) as well as being important diagnostics line_4: of the stellar wind velocity, ionization structure and mass loss rate. line_5: Futhermore, there are a number of elements with no, or very weak, optical lines line_6: but with a rich UV spectrum (Fe, Ni), these are also a dominant contributor line_7: to the radiative line force. Experience gained with IUE on targets of similar line_8: apparent magnitudes has demonstrated that the present program is not feasible line_9: with IUE given our combined requirements of S/N, resolution and crowding line_10: problems in our target fields. HST/FOS observations are therefore necessary line_11: for this project. line_13: Extensive ground based programs have been ongoing in this area for a number of line_14: years. NRW and EF have been involved in spectral classification of hot stars line_15: in the Magellanic Clouds using low and intermediate resolution observations for line_16: some time. In addition ALL of the targets have been observed in the visible at line_17: intermediate and high dispersions using, for example, ESO 3.6m and CTIO 4m line_18: telescopes. ! question: 4 section: 2 line_1: For all of the target stars, low dispersion SWP IUE spectra are line_2: available line_3: and thus it is possible to accurately estimate the exposure times needed line_4: to reach a photon counting S/N of 100 for each of the two gratings. line_7: The requested signal to noise is based upon previous experience gained line_8: with this instrumentation and is necessary to enable us to measure line_9: terminal velocities, by fitting the wind lines, to within 150km/s line_10: and for the synthesis of line blends in the UV. line_11: ACQ/PEAK exposure times were estimated from the observed B magnitudes. ! question: 6 section: 1 line_1: No special calibrations required. ! ! ! question: 8 section: 1 line_1: Target positions have been obtained from GASP frames and cross-checked against line_2: the Guide Star Catalog. All objects are guide stars. ! question: 9 section: 1 line_1: GTO No. 1215 ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRAL ATLAS OF O-STARS IN THE MILKY WAY AND line_2: MAGELLANIC CLOUDS line_3: (RPK, NRW) line_5: GO No. 2233/4110 THE PHYSICS OF MASSIVE O-STARS IN DIFFERENT PARENT GALAXIES line_6: (RPK, NRW, SAV, KB, DH, AP, JP) line_8: GO No. 2581 STELLAR WINDS OF MASSIVE STARS IN NEARBY GALAXIES line_9: (RPK) line_11: GO No. 4550 MASSIVE STAR EVOLUTION FROM CARBON AND OXYGEN ABUNDANCES IN LMC line_12: WC STARS line_13: (JDH, RPK, SAV, KB, DJL) ! question: 9 section: 2 line_1: The present proposal is not directly related to any of the above proposals line_2: except in so far as it concerns the same general topic of quantitative line_3: spectroscopy of hot massive stars. The present proposal is specifically line_4: aimed at elucidating the evolutionary history of the early B supergiants, line_5: a problem none of the above proposals addresses adequately. Note here that line_6: the present proposal is a revision of GO 4556 which was granted SUPPLEMENTAL line_7: status in Cycle 3. line_9: GTO proposal 1215 and GO proposal 2581 are completed and results have been line_10: published in the literature (see below for examples). GO proposals 2233/4110 line_11: and 4550 are incomplete. The former still has observations of 4 early O-stars line_12: in the SMC outstanding which are crucial to interpretation of the metallicity line_13: dependence of mass loss rates in the galaxy, LMC and SMC. Nevertheless line_14: preliminary results for some stars have been published. To date no data for line_15: proposal 4550 have been obtained. ! question: 9 section: 3 line_1: ! question: 10 section: 1 line_1: Munich University: line_3: Data reduction and analysis facilities and personal are described under line_4: section 6. There are no problems with the funding of the necessary computer line_5: calculations required for this project. line_7: In addition to those people from Munich University listed under "Investigators" line_8: above, several Ph.D. students (S. Haser, F. Sellmaier, F. Navarro line_9: U. Springmann, C. Kronberg) will work full time on the project. line_11: Funds for travel, preparation of observations, reduction, etc will also be line_12: available. ! !end of general form text general_form_address: lname: LENNON fname: DANIEL category: PI inst: 5588 addr_1: INSTITUT F ASTRONOMY U ASTROPHYSIK DER UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN addr_2: SCHEINERSTRASSE 1 addr_3: 81679 MUENCHEN 80 city: MUNICH country: GERMANY phone: +49-89-92209423 telex: DJL@USM.UNI-MUENCHEN.DE ! ! end of general_form_address records fixed_targets: targnum: 1 name_1: SK-69D43 name_2: HDE268809 name_3: GSC9161-00737 descr_1: B,113; descr_2: HOST=LMC descr_3: TYPE=B1IA pos_1: PLATE-ID=05ZW, pos_2: RA = 04H 56M 10.51S +/- 0.5", pos_3: DEC = -69D 15' 38.5" +/- 0.5" equinox: 2000 rv_or_z: V = +279 fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V = 11.9 , TYPE=B1IA fluxnum_2: 2 fluxval_2: B-V = -0.1 fluxnum_3: 3 fluxval_3: E(B-V) = 0.10 fluxnum_4: 4 fluxval_4: F-CONT(1300) = 1.0 +/- 0.1 E-12 fluxnum_5: 5 fluxval_5: F-CONT(1600) = 0.6 +/- 0.1 E-12 ! targnum: 2 name_1: SK-68-11 descr_1: B,113; descr_2: HOST=LMC descr_3: TYPE=BC1IA pos_1: RA = 5H 31M 0.92S +/- 0.5", pos_2: DEC = -68D 53' 56.7" +/- 0.5", pos_3: PLATE-ID=06b0 equinox: 2000 fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V = 12.01 +/- 0.3, TYPE=BC1IA fluxnum_2: 2 fluxval_2: B-V = -0.08 fluxnum_3: 3 fluxval_3: U-B = -0.89 ! targnum: 3 name_1: SK-67D14 name_2: HDE268685 name_3: GSC8889-00517 descr_1: B,113; descr_2: HOST=LMC descr_3: TYPE=B1.5IA pos_1: PLATE-ID=06AF, pos_2: RA = 04H 54M 31.92S +/- 0.5", pos_3: DEC = -67D 15' 24.9" +/- 0.5" equinox: 2000 rv_or_z: V = +270 fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V = 11.5 , TYPE=B1.5IA fluxnum_2: 2 fluxval_2: B-V = -0.1 fluxnum_3: 3 fluxval_3: E(B-V) = 0.06 fluxnum_4: 4 fluxval_4: F-CONT(1300) = 1.4 +/- 0.1 E-12 fluxnum_5: 5 fluxval_5: F-CONT(1600) = 1.0 +/- 0.1 E-12 ! targnum: 4 name_1: SK-69D228 name_2: GSC9163-00764 descr_1: B,113; descr_2: HOST=LMC descr_3: TYPE=BC1.5IA pos_1: PLATE-ID=05ZW, pos_2: RA = 05H 37M 9.36S +/- 0.5", pos_3: DEC = -69D 20' 19.1" +/- 0.5" equinox: 2000 rv_or_z: V = +270 fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V = 12.1 , TYPE=BC1.5IA fluxnum_2: 2 fluxval_2: B-V = 0.1 fluxnum_3: 3 fluxval_3: E(B-V) = 0.23 fluxnum_4: 4 fluxval_4: F-CONT(1300) = 0.3 +/- 0.05 E-12 fluxnum_5: 5 fluxval_5: F-CONT(1600) = 0.3 +/- 0.05 E-12 ! ! end of fixed targets ! No solar system records found ! No generic target records found exposure_logsheet: linenum: 11.000 targname: SK-69D43 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.045S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-Y=1.204, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-X=1, param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 12; req_2: CYCLE 4 / 11.00-46.00; req_3: COND IF THIS TARGET NOT DONE IN req_4: CYCLE 3 SUPPLEMENTAL PROGRAM 4556 req_5: / 11-46 ! linenum: 12.000 targname: SK-69D43 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.18S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-X=.602, param_2: SCAN-STEP-Y=.602 param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-X=6, param_4: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 13; ! linenum: 13.000 targname: SK-69D43 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.5 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.135S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=3, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, param_3: SCAN-STEP-X=0.30, param_4: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.30, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 14; ! linenum: 14.000 targname: SK-69D43 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.375S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-X=.172 param_2: SCAN-STEP-Y=.172 param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-X=5 param_4: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 15-16; ! linenum: 15.000 targname: SK-69D43 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G130H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 562.0S s_to_n: 70 fluxnum_1: 4 priority: 1 ! linenum: 16.000 targname: SK-69D43 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 312.0S s_to_n: 75 fluxnum_1: 5 priority: 1 ! linenum: 21.000 targname: SK-68-11 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-Y=1.204, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-X=1, param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 22 ! linenum: 22.000 targname: SK-68-11 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-X=.602, param_2: SCAN-STEP-Y=.602 param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-X=6, param_4: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 23; ! linenum: 23.000 targname: SK-68-11 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.5 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=3, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, param_3: SCAN-STEP-X=0.30, param_4: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.30, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 24; ! linenum: 24.000 targname: SK-68-11 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-X=.172 param_2: SCAN-STEP-Y=.172 param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-X=5 param_4: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 25-26; ! linenum: 25.000 targname: SK-68-11 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G130H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 511.0S s_to_n: 70 priority: 1 ! linenum: 26.000 targname: SK-68-11 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 268.0S s_to_n: 70 priority: 1 ! linenum: 31.000 targname: SK-67D14 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.045S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-Y=1.204, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-X=1, param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 32 ! linenum: 32.000 targname: SK-67D14 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.18S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-X=.602, param_2: SCAN-STEP-Y=.602 param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-X=6, param_4: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 33; ! linenum: 33.000 targname: SK-67D14 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.5 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.135S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=3, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, param_3: SCAN-STEP-X=0.30, param_4: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.30, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 34; ! linenum: 34.000 targname: SK-67D14 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.375S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-X=.172 param_2: SCAN-STEP-Y=.172 param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-X=5 param_4: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 35-36; ! linenum: 35.000 targname: SK-67D14 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G130H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 402.0S s_to_n: 70 fluxnum_1: 4 priority: 1 ! linenum: 36.000 targname: SK-67D14 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 187.0S s_to_n: 70 fluxnum_1: 5 priority: 1 ! linenum: 41.000 targname: SK-69D228 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.045S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-Y=1.204, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-X=1, param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 42 ! linenum: 42.000 targname: SK-69D228 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.18S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-X=.602, param_2: SCAN-STEP-Y=.602 param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-X=6, param_4: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 43; ! linenum: 43.000 targname: SK-69D228 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.5 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.135S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SEARCH-SIZE-X=3, param_2: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, param_3: SCAN-STEP-X=0.30, param_4: SCAN-STEP-Y=0.30, req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 44; ! linenum: 44.000 targname: SK-69D228 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G400H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 0.375S fluxnum_1: 1,2 priority: 1 param_1: SCAN-STEP-X=.172 param_2: SCAN-STEP-Y=.172 param_3: SEARCH-SIZE-X=5 param_4: SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 45-46; ! linenum: 45.000 targname: SK-69D228 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G130H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1742.0S s_to_n: 70 fluxnum_1: 4 priority: 1 ! linenum: 46.000 targname: SK-69D228 config: FOS/BL opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 625.0S s_to_n: 70 fluxnum_1: 5 priority: 1 ! ! end of exposure logsheet ! No scan data records found