! File: 4159C.PROP ! Database: PEPDB ! Date: 20-FEB-1994:11:20:55 coverpage: title_1: COMPOSITION OF GAS IN INDIVIDUAL INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS: title_2: FUTURE-CYCLE AUGMENTATION CONTINUATION sci_cat: INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM sci_subcat: ABSORPTION LINES proposal_for: AUG/HRS cont_id: 3444 pi_title: PROF. pi_fname: LYMAN pi_lname: SPITZER pi_inst: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY pi_country: USA pi_phone: (609) 258-3809 keywords_1: INTERSTELLAR LINES hours_pri: 11.61 num_pri: 2 hrs: Y pi_position: PROFESSOR EMERITUS ! end of coverpage abstract: line_1: Column densities of interstellar atoms of 17 atomic species of 10 line_2: elements will be measured in the line-of-sight to 2 early-type stars in line_3: the galactic halo using the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph to line_4: obtain precise measures in the ultraviolet with the highest available line_5: spectral resolution. These data will be analyzed to determine relative line_6: abundances in the several individual clouds present along each line of line_7: sight, and thus to determine how the composition of the gas in such line_8: clouds and the various physical processes occurring vary with cloud line_9: parameters such as H column density, velocity, ionization level, and line_10: distance z from the galactic plane. This information should help to line_11: clarify the many physical processes occurring in interstellar gas. In line_12: particular, measures of these two stars in the galactic halo should line_13: help to identify the mechanisms responsible for the abundant C IV, Si line_14: IV, and N V known to be present in the interstellar gas at kiloparsec line_15: distances from the galactic plane. The program should also increase line_16: our understanding of the balance between formation and destruction of line_17: interstellar dust grains. ! ! end of abstract general_form_proposers: lname: SPITZER fname: LYMAN title: PROF. inst: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY country: USA ! lname: O'DELL fname: C. title: PROF. mi: R. inst: RICE UNIVERSITY country: USA ! ! end of general_form_proposers block general_form_text: question: 3 section: 1 line_1: The observations of two stars planned during Cycles 3-5, and supported line_2: with GTO Augmentation time (under #3444), will in general follow the line_3: pattern set for the two stars to be observed in Cycle 2 (under this line_4: same AUG program). For each star, a series of interstellar absorption line_5: lines longward of 1800 A will be observed with Echelle B of the GHRS, line_6: giving the highest resolution available (resolving power R about line_7: 85,000) for lines of S I, Si II, Mg I, Fe II, Co II, Cr II, Zn II, and line_8: Mn II. For photometric accuracy, the WSCAN mode will be used to give line_9: three adjacent exposures of each line. Another series of lines at line_10: shorter wavelengths, between 1120 and 1600 A, will be observed with the line_11: GHRS grating G160M, using the FP-SPLIT routine to obtain subexposures line_12: at four adjacent wavelengths. Of the many interstellar lines in this line_13: region the following species are of particular interest: C I, C II, C line_14: IV, N I, N V, O I, Mg II, S II, S III, Si II, Si III, Si IV, P II, P line_15: III, Fe II, and Mn II. While the resolving power with this grating is line_16: in the range from about 15,000 to 24,000, deconvolution of each line_17: spectrum may almost double the effective R. For accurate wavelength line_18: calibration, exposures of the calibration lamp spectrum will be taken line_19: at the beginning and end of each series. ! question: 4 section: 1 line_1: Much pioneering work on individual interstellar clouds has been done line_2: from the ground. However, to obtain data on many elements, including line_3: the highly ionized species, requires observations from above the line_4: atmosphere. The Copernicus satellite made important contributions to line_5: this topic, but its resolving power of 20,000 was insufficient to line_6: resolve clearly many of the individual components in most lines of line_7: sight, although in favorable cases properties of individual clouds were line_8: successfully deduced. The IUE satellite has been enormously useful for line_9: broad surveys of interstellar absorption, especially for the fainter line_10: stars which could not be observed with Copernicus, but its resolving line_11: power of 10,000 is inadequate for resolving most components. The HST, line_12: with its resolving power of 85,000 for lines observed with Echelle B, can line_13: answer detailed questions on the physical properties of individual line_14: clouds towards many stars. ! question: 5 section: 1 line_1: There are no Realtime Data or Special Scheduling Requests required. ! question: 6 section: 1 line_1: There are no Special Calibrations required. ! question: 7 section: 1 line_1: To analyze the HST/GHRS data for this ongoing project, a dedicated Sun line_2: SPARCstation 1 has been obtained. This facility should be entirely line_3: adequate for the processing and analysis af all the data. The STSDAS line_4: software (running as part of the IRAF system) and the IDL language have line_5: both been implemented on the SPARCstation. line_7: As part of the data processing, corrections will be made for a variety line_8: of effects, including scattered light, fixed pattern noise, and shift line_9: of wavelength calibration with temperature. Data analysis will line_10: determine for each line the function Nr(v), the apparent column density line_11: of species r per unit velocity interval, as a function of Doppler-shift line_12: velocity v. Comparison of Nr(v) between lines of different f-values line_13: but with the same lower state yields a correction of these values for line_14: saturation, if the corrections are not large. ! question: 8 section: 1 line_1: No additional comments or requests. ! question: 9 section: 1 line_1: PREVIOUS HST PROGRAMS: GTO 1071, 3215, and 3266, "Composition of line_2: Individual Interstellar Clouds". These identification numbers, for line_3: observations in Cycles 0, 1, and 2 or later, respectively, designate line_4: the ongoing project for which the present proposal represents further line_5: Augmentation time under #3444. line_7: MAIN RESULTS OBTAINED FROM PREVIOUS RELATED PROGRAMS: Two stars, HD line_8: 68273 (Gamma-2 Velorum) and HD 93521, were observed for the program line_9: GTO 1071 during Cycle 0. Analysis of these data has yielded a significant line_10: redetermination of the GHRS sensitivity as a function of wavelength in line_11: the Echelle mode. For example, the ratio of sensitivities at 1190 and line_12: 1300 A is only one-third of earlier estimates. In addition, a new line_13: program has been devised to correct for fixed pattern noise, an effect line_14: important for the brighter stars, for which S/N can be about 100 or line_15: more. In the halo star HD93521, 1500 pc from the galactic plane, the line_16: observed widths of the C IV and Si IV absorption features are 50 km/sec line_17: (FWHM), as compared with 7 km/sec for a narrow S II component. line_19: PUBLICATIONS RESULTING FROM THE ABOVE DATA: A brief description of line_20: these data and of their technical aspects has appeared in the STScI line_21: Newsletter, June 1991 (Vol. 8, No. 2). The observed profiles of the line_22: C IV and Si IV features in HD93521 are presented in Ap.J. Letters (May line_23: 10, 1992), and their possible interpretation discusssed. ! question: 10 section: 1 line_1: The participation of L. Spitzer, now Senior Research Astronomer at line_2: Princeton University, is without charge to the Project; he expects to line_3: devote nearly all his research time to this work. The chief annual line_4: cost to the Project is the full-time salary of E.L. Fitzpatrick, line_5: recently promoted to a continuing appointment as Research Astronomer. line_6: The Department of Astrophysical Sciences contributed funds toward his line_7: salary during several years before full NASA funding (by subcontract line_8: with O'Dell's home institution, the Rice University of Technology) line_9: became available. Computer peripherals, including tape drives and a line_10: laser printer, are available at the Department for a small monthly line_11: charge. ! !end of general form text general_form_address: lname: SPITZER fname: LYMAN title: PROF. category: PI inst: PRINCETON UNIV. OBSERVATORY addr_1: PEYTON HALL city: PRINCETON state: NJ zip: 08544 country: USA phone: 609-258-3809 ! lname: O'DELL fname: C. mi: R. title: PROF. inst: RICE UNIVERSITY addr_1: DEPT. OF SPACE PHYSICS & ASTRONOMY addr_2: P.O. BOX 1892 city: HOUSTON state: TX zip: 77251 country: USA phone: 713-527-8101 X3633 telex: 556457 ! ! end of general_form_address records fixed_targets: targnum: 2 name_1: HD149881 descr_1: A,113,G,508,911 pos_1: RA=16H34M40.58S +/- .1S, pos_2: DEC=14D34'30.1" +/- 1.0" equinox: 1950 pm_or_par: NO comment_1: SPECTRAL TYPE B0.5 II fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=7.03,E(B-V)=0.07 fluxnum_2: 2 fluxval_2: F-CONT(1300)=2.9+/-0.6E-10 ! targnum: 5 name_1: HD219188 descr_1: A,113,G,508,911 pos_1: RA=23H11M27.95S +/- .1S, pos_2: DEC=4D43'28.7" +/- 1.0" equinox: 1950 pm_or_par: NO comment_1: SPECTRAL TYPE B0.5 I-II fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=6.93,E(B-V)=0.06 fluxnum_2: 2 fluxval_2: F-CONT(1300)=2.3+/-0.5E-10 ! ! end of fixed targets ! No solar system records found ! No generic target records found exposure_logsheet: linenum: 1.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: D-1A targname: # config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.25 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1148.0 num_exp: 2 time_per_exp: 308S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: FP-SPLIT=DSFOUR req_1: SEQ 1-7 NO GAP comment_1: EXPOSURE TIME IN LINE 1 YIELDS S/N comment_2: =43 PER 3 KM/S BIN PER SUBEXPOSURE comment_3: FOR A STANDARD STAR WITH F-CONT(1300) comment_4: =1.0E-8 USING MEASURED HST SENSITIVITY ! linenum: 2.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: D-1A targname: # config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.25 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1195.0 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 287S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: FP-SPLIT=DSFOUR comment_1: EXPOSURE TIMES IN LINES 2-7 YIELD S/N comment_2: =87 PER 3 KM/S BIN PER SUBEXPOSURE comment_3: FOR A STANDARD STAR WITH F-CONT(1300) comment_4: =1.0E-8 USING MEASURED HST SENSITIVITY ! linenum: 3.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: D-1A targname: # config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.25 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1252.0 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 134S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: FP-SPLIT=DSFOUR ! linenum: 4.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: D-1A targname: # config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.25 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1315.6 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 107S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: FP-SPLIT=DSFOUR ! linenum: 5.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: D-1A targname: # config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.25 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1347.0 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 129S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: FP-SPLIT=DSFOUR ! linenum: 6.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: D-1A targname: # config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.25 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1392.0 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 164S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: FP-SPLIT=DSFOUR ! linenum: 7.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: D-1A targname: # config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: 0.25 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1560.0 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 233S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: FP-SPLIT=DSFOUR ! linenum: 8.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: # config: HRS opmode: WSCAN aperture: 0.25 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 1804.92-1807.08 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 186S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: WAVE-STEP=0.72 req_1: SEQ 8-14 NO GAP comment_1: "WAVE-STEP" IN COLUMN 9 OF LINE 8 IS comment_2: EQUIVALENT TO 8 CARROUSEL STEPS. comment_3: EXPOSURE TIMES IN LINES 8-14 YIELD S/N comment_4: =100 PER 3 KM/S BIN PER SUBEXPOSURE comment_5: FOR A STANDARD STAR WITH F-CONT(1300) comment_6: =1.0E-8 USING MEASURED HST SENSITIVITY ! linenum: 9.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: # config: HRS opmode: WSCAN aperture: 0.25 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 1825.95-1828.05 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 186S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: WAVE-STEP=0.70 comment_1: "WAVE-STEP" IN COLUMN 9 OF LINE 9 comment_2: IS EQUIVALENT TO 8 CARROUSEL STEPS. ! linenum: 10.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: # config: HRS opmode: WSCAN aperture: 0.25 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 2024.51-2026.79 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 81S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: WAVE-STEP=0.76 comment_1: "WAVE-STEP" IN COLUMN 9 OF LINE 10 comment_2: IS EQUIVALENT TO 8 CARROUSEL STEPS. comment_3: VACUUM WAVELENGTHS USED IN LINE 10. ! linenum: 11.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: # config: HRS opmode: WSCAN aperture: 0.25 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 2058.21-2060.79 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 90S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: WAVE-STEP=0.86 comment_1: "WAVE-STEP" IN COLUMN 9 OF LINE 11 comment_2: IS EQUIVALENT TO 8 CARROUSEL STEPS. comment_3: VACUUM WAVELENGTHS USED IN LINE 11. ! linenum: 12.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: # config: HRS opmode: WSCAN aperture: 0.25 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 2259.49-2262.10 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 45S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: WAVE-STEP=0.87 comment_1: "WAVE-STEP" IN COLUMN 9 OF LINE 12 comment_2: IS EQUIVALENT TO 8 CARROUSEL STEPS. comment_3: VACUUM WAVELENGTHS USED IN LINE 12. ! linenum: 13.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: # config: HRS opmode: WSCAN aperture: 0.25 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 2370.71-2373.35 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 66S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: WAVE-STEP=0.88 comment_1: "WAVE-STEP" IN COLUMN 9 OF LINE 13 comment_2: IS EQUIVALENT TO 8 CARROUSEL STEPS. comment_3: VACUUM WAVELENGTHS USED IN LINE 13. ! linenum: 14.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: # config: HRS opmode: WSCAN aperture: 0.25 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 2602.48-2605.27 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 105S s_to_n: # fluxnum_1: 2 priority: # param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO, param_3: WAVE-STEP=0.93 comment_1: "WAVE-STEP" IN COLUMN 9 OF LINE 14 comment_2: IS EQUIVALENT TO 8 CARROUSEL STEPS. comment_3: VACUUM WAVELENGTHS USED IN LINE 14. ! linenum: 301.000 targname: HD149881 config: HRS opmode: ACQ aperture: 2.0 sp_element: MIRROR-A2 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1.8S priority: 1 param_1: BRIGHT=RETURN param_2: SEARCH-SIZE=3, param_3: LOCATE=YES, req_1: ONBOARD ACQUISITION FOR 302; req_2: CYCLE 3 / 301-308 comment_1: STEP-TIME=0.2 SEC ! linenum: 302.000 targname: HD149881 config: HRS opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP aperture: 2.0 sp_element: MIRROR-A2 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 20.4S priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQUISITION FOR 303-308 comment_1: STEP-TIME=0.2 SEC ! linenum: 303.000 targname: WAVE config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: SC1 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1190.5 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 60S priority: 1 param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO req_1: SEQ 303-305 NO GAP; req_2: CALIB FOR 304 ! linenum: 304.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: D-1A targname: HD149881 time_per_exp: X4.42 s_to_n: 31 priority: 1 comment_1: THE MULTIPLICATIVE FACTOR 4.42 FOR ALL comment_2: D-1A EXPOSURES FOR THIS STAR HAS BEEN comment_3: CALCULATED TO GIVE S/N=31 PER 3 KM/S comment_4: BIN PER SUBEXPOSURE FOR MOST SPECTRAL comment_5: FEATURES, USING THE HRS SENSITIVITY AS comment_6: MEASURED IN CYCLE 0 ! linenum: 305.000 targname: WAVE config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: SC1 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1560.0 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 60S priority: 1 param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO req_1: CALIB FOR 304 ! linenum: 306.000 targname: WAVE config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: SC1 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 1805.28 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 10S priority: 1 param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO req_1: SEQ 306-308 NO GAP; req_2: CALIB FOR 307 ! linenum: 307.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: HD149881 time_per_exp: X4.42 s_to_n: 36 priority: 1 comment_1: THE MULTIPLICATIVE FACTOR 4.42 FOR ALL comment_2: BR-3B EXPOSURES FOR THIS STAR HAS BEEN comment_3: CALCULATED TO GIVE S/N=36 PER 3 KM/S comment_4: BIN PER SUBEXPOSURE USING THE comment_5: HRS SENSITIVITY AS MEASURED IN CYCLE 0 ! linenum: 308.000 targname: WAVE config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: SC1 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 2604.81 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 10S priority: 1 param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO req_1: CALIB FOR 307 ! linenum: 401.000 targname: HD219188 config: HRS opmode: ACQ aperture: 2.0 sp_element: MIRROR-A2 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1.8S priority: 1 param_1: BRIGHT=RETURN param_2: SEARCH-SIZE=3, param_3: LOCATE=YES, req_1: ONBOARD ACQUISITION FOR 402; req_2: CYCLE 4 / 401-408 comment_1: STEP-TIME=0.2 SEC ! linenum: 402.000 targname: HD219188 config: HRS opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP aperture: 2.0 sp_element: MIRROR-A2 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 20.4S priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQUISITION FOR 403-408 comment_1: STEP-TIME=0.2 SEC ! linenum: 403.000 targname: WAVE config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: SC1 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1190.5 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 60S priority: 1 param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO req_1: SEQ 403-405 NO GAP; req_2: CALIB FOR 404 ! linenum: 404.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: D-1A targname: HD219188 time_per_exp: X5.57 s_to_n: 31 priority: 1 comment_1: THE MULTIPLICATIVE FACTOR 5.57 FOR ALL comment_2: D-1A EXPOSURES FOR THIS STAR HAS BEEN comment_3: CALCULATED TO GIVE S/N=31 PER 3 KM/S comment_4: BIN PER SUBEXPOSURE FOR MOST SPECTRAL comment_5: FEATURES, USING THE HRS SENSITIVITY AS comment_6: MEASURED IN CYCLE 0 ! linenum: 405.000 targname: WAVE config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: SC1 sp_element: G160M wavelength: 1560.0 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 60S priority: 1 param_1: STEP-PATT=5, param_2: COMB=TWO req_1: CALIB FOR 404 ! linenum: 406.000 targname: WAVE config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: SC1 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 1805.28 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 10S priority: 1 param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO req_1: SEQ 406-408 NO GAP; req_2: CALIB FOR 407 ! linenum: 407.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: BR-3B targname: HD219188 time_per_exp: X5.75 s_to_n: 36 priority: 1 comment_1: THE MULTIPLICATIVE FACTOR 5.57 FOR ALL comment_2: BR-3B EXPOSURES FOR THIS STAR HAS BEEN comment_3: CALCULATED TO GIVE S/N=36 PER 3 KM/S comment_4: BIN PER SUBEXPOSURE USING THE comment_5: HRS SENSITIVITY AS MEASURED IN CYCLE 0 ! linenum: 408.000 targname: WAVE config: HRS opmode: ACCUM aperture: SC1 sp_element: ECH-B wavelength: 2604.81 num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 10S priority: 1 param_1: STEP-PATT=7, param_2: COMB=TWO req_1: CALIB FOR 407 ! ! end of exposure logsheet ! No scan data records found