!  File:  3989C.PROP
!  Database:  PEPDB
!  Date:  20-FEB-1994:02:52:12

coverpage:

  title_1:         TRANSITION REGIONS IN VERY LATE M DWARFS - PART II
    sci_cat:       STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS
    sci_subcat:    COOL STARS
    proposal_for:  GTO/HRS
    pi_fname:      JEFFREY
    pi_mi:         L.
    pi_lname:      LINSKY
    pi_inst:       COLORADO, UNIVERSITY OF
    pi_country:    USA
    pi_phone:      (303) 492-7838
    keywords_1:    MS STAR, MV STARS, X-RAY STAR, FLARE STAR
    hours_pri:     6.29
    num_pri:       5
    pi_position:   ASTROPHYSICIST
! end of coverpage

abstract:

    line_1:        We will measure emission lines, indicative of 10,000 to
    line_2:        100,000 K plasma, in the 1170-1700A spectra of a selected
    line_3:        sample of M dwarf stars from spectral types M3 to M9,
    line_4:        including both the dM and dMe classes. The measured fluxes in
    line_5:        lines of C II, C IV, Si IV, and N V will permit us to
    line_6:        derive transition region models for these stars and to
    line_7:        estimate the radiative cooling rates, nonradiative heating
    line_8:        rates, and the energy balance in the transition regions of
    line_9:        these stars and to compare these quantities with those for
    line_10:       stars of earlier spectral type. An critical question is
    line_11:       whether transition regions disappear or have significantly
    line_12:       smaller heating rates in stars cooler than about spectral
    line_13:       type M6 as suggested by the X-ray data. If this very
    line_14:       tentative result is supported by our observations, then it
    line_15:       is likely than stellar dynamos and their magnetic flux
    line_16:       generation rates are different for fully convective stars
    line_17:       compared to stars with radiative envelopes. Theory predicts
    line_18:       that stars become fully convective near spectral type M6.

!
! end of abstract

general_form_proposers:

  lname:           GIAMPAPA
    fname:         MARK
    inst:          NATIONAL SOLAR OBSERVATORY
    country:       USA

!

  lname:           LINSKY
    fname:         JEFFREY
    mi:            L.
    inst:          COLORADO, UNIVERSITY OF
    country:       USA

!

  lname:           AMBRUSTER
    fname:         CAROL
    inst:          JILA, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
    country:       USA

!

  lname:           MARAN
    fname:         STEPHEN
    mi:            P.
    inst:          NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
    country:       USA

!

  lname:           BROWN
    fname:         ALEXANDER
    inst:          JILA, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
    country:       USA

!
! end of general_form_proposers block

general_form_text:

  question:        3
    section:       1
    line_1:        HRS observations of 7 stars are requested with one grating setting
    line_2:        (G140L) for each star using the 2.0" aperture. There are no special
    line_3:        requirements. We are obtaining data with a time resolution
    line_4:        of 4.5 minutes to study time variability that may be due to
    line_5:        flaring.

!

  question:        4
    section:       1
    line_1:        There are no available transition region lines in the visible or infrared.

!

  question:        6
    section:       1
    line_1:        We request that the observations not be interrupted to determine whether
    line_2:        or not the emission is steady or highly variable indicative of flaring.

!

  question:        7
    section:       1
    line_1:        We have written computer codes and tested them on available IUE spectra
    line_2:        that determine the emission measure distribution, heating rates,
    line_3:        pressure-temperature distribution, and energy balance for the chromosphere and
    line_4:        transition region from ultraviolet emission line fluxes.

!

  question:        10
    section:       1
    line_1:        We will supply data analysis and atmospheric modelling computer codes.

!

  question:        12
    section:       1
    line_1:        The total observing time includes an estimated overhead of 100 seconds per
    line_2:        target.

!

  question:        13
    section:       1
    line_1:        This program will test the hypothesis that magnetic nonradiative heating
    line_2:        processes become inefficient in the coolest M dwarf stars, including both dM
    line_3:        and dMe stars. We will search for emission lines of C II, Si IV, C IV, and N V
    line_4:        in a sample of 10 very late M dwarf stars and compare the surface fluxes with
    line_5:        those from warmer stars to test the hypothesis. From the observed fluxes we
    line_6:        will derive the emission measure distribution, nonradiative heating rates, and
    line_7:        the local energy balance.

!
!end of general form text

general_form_address:

  lname:           LINSKY
    fname:         JEFFREY
    mi:            L.
    category:      PI
    inst:          COLORADO, UNIVERSITY OF
    addr_1:        CAMPUS BOX 440
    city:          BOULDER
    state:         CO
    zip:           80309
    country:       USA
    phone:         (303) 492-7838
    telex:         755842 JILA

!
! end of general_form_address records

fixed_targets:

    targnum:       1
    name_1:        HD36705
    name_2:        AB-DORADUS
    descr_1:       G0 V STAR
    pos_1:         RA=05H28M35.821S+/-.01S,
    pos_2:         DEC=-65D29'18.77"+/-0.1"
    equinox:       1950
    pm_or_par:     Y
    pos_epoch_bj:  B
    pos_epoch_yr:  1950.00
    ra_pm_val:     0.003467
    ra_pm_unct:    0.000600
    dec_pm_val:    0.1330
    dec_pm_unct:   0.0090
    an_prlx_val:   0.0333
    rv_or_z:       V=0
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=6.80

!

    targnum:       2
    name_1:        RST137B
    descr_1:       M3.5 V STAR
    pos_1:         RA-OFF=-0.411S+/-0.08S,
    pos_2:         DEC-OFF=+8.94"+/-0.5",
    pos_3:         FROM 1
    equinox:       1950
    pm_or_par:     N
    pos_epoch_bj:  B
    pos_epoch_yr:  1950.00
    rv_or_z:       V=0
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=13.0

!

    targnum:       3
    name_1:        GL699
    name_2:        BARNARDS-STAR
    descr_1:       DM4 STAR
    pos_1:         RA = 17H 55M 23S +/- 1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = +04D 33' 24" +/- 3"
    equinox:       1950.00
    pm_or_par:     Y
    pos_epoch_bj:  B
    pos_epoch_yr:  1950.00
    ra_pm_val:     -0.050000
    ra_pm_unct:    0.000067
    dec_pm_val:    10.3100
    dec_pm_unct:   0.0010
    an_prlx_val:   0.5520
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 9.54

!

    targnum:       6
    name_1:        GL406
    name_2:        CN-LEO
    descr_1:       DM6.5E STAR
    pos_1:         RA = 10H 54M 06S +/-1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = +07D 19' 12" +/-3"
    equinox:       1950.00
    pm_or_par:     Y
    pos_epoch_bj:  B
    pos_epoch_yr:  1950.00
    ra_pm_val:     -0.256667
    ra_pm_unct:    0.000067
    dec_pm_val:    -2.7000
    dec_pm_unct:   0.0010
    an_prlx_val:   0.4260
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 13.53

!

    targnum:       8
    name_1:        LHS429
    name_2:        VB8
    descr_1:       DM7E STAR
    pos_1:         RA = 16H 52M 55S +/-1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = -08D 18' 12" +/-3"
    equinox:       1950.00
    pm_or_par:     Y
    pos_epoch_bj:  B
    pos_epoch_yr:  1950.00
    ra_pm_val:     -0.053600
    ra_pm_unct:    0.000067
    dec_pm_val:    -0.8774
    dec_pm_unct:   0.0010
    an_prlx_val:   0.1471
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 16.82

!

    targnum:       9
    name_1:        LHS2065
    descr_1:       DM9E STAR
    pos_1:         RA = 08H 51M 07S +/-1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = -03D 17' 54" +/-3"
    equinox:       1950.00
    pm_or_par:     Y
    pos_epoch_bj:  B
    pos_epoch_yr:  1950.00
    ra_pm_val:     -0.036133
    ra_pm_unct:    0.000067
    dec_pm_val:    -0.1951
    dec_pm_unct:   0.0010
    an_prlx_val:   0.1149
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 18.74

!
! end of fixed targets

! No solar system records found

! No generic target records found

exposure_logsheet:

    linenum:       1.000
    sequence_1:    DEFINE
    sequence_2:    DME
    targname:      #
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    G140L
    wavelength:    1427
    num_exp:       #
    time_per_exp:  272S
    priority:      #
    param_1:       STEP-PATT=5
    req_1:         NON-INT;
    comment_1:     EXPOSURE SEQUENCE GIVING
    comment_2:     4.5 MIN TIME RESOLUTION

!

    linenum:       2.000
    sequence_1:    DEFINE
    sequence_2:    ROSSITER
    targname:      RST137B
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    G160M
    wavelength:    1550
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  300S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       STEP-PATT=5

!

    linenum:       2.050
    sequence_1:    ^
    targname:      ^
    config:        ^
    opmode:        ^
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    G160M
    wavelength:    1550
    num_exp:       3
    time_per_exp:  272S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       STEP-PATT=5
    req_1:         COND IF TAC

!

    linenum:       2.100
    sequence_1:    ^
    targname:      ^
    config:        ^
    opmode:        ^
    aperture:      ^
    sp_element:    G140L
    wavelength:    1304
    num_exp:       2
    time_per_exp:  244.8S
    priority:      ^
    param_1:       ^

!

    linenum:       2.150
    sequence_1:    ^
    targname:      ^
    config:        ^
    opmode:        ^
    aperture:      ^
    sp_element:    G140L
    wavelength:    1574
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  272S
    priority:      ^
    param_1:       ^

!

    linenum:       2.200
    sequence_1:    ^
    targname:      ^
    config:        ^
    opmode:        ^
    aperture:      ^
    sp_element:    G140L
    wavelength:    1574
    num_exp:       2
    time_per_exp:  272S
    priority:      ^
    param_1:       ^
    req_1:         COND IF TAC

!

    linenum:       4.000
    targname:      GL699
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  40S
    priority:      2
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE=5
    param_2:       FAINT=260
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5;
    req_2:         CYCLE 2/ 4-7;
    req_3:         GROUP 4-7 NO GAP;
    req_4:         SEQ 4-6
    comment_1:     STEP TIME = 1.6 SEC

!

    linenum:       5.000
    targname:      GL699
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ/PEAKUP
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  73.6S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      2
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6-7;
    req_2:         COND IF TAC
    comment_1:     STEP-TIME=1.6SEC
    comment_2:     CENTER IN LSA AFTER NEW DEFCAL

!

    linenum:       6.000
    targname:      GL699
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        IMAGE
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-A2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  96.8S
    priority:      2
    req_1:         COND IF TAC
    comment_1:     TAKE MAP AFTER CENTERING
    comment_2:     200 MSEC INTEGRATIONS

!

    linenum:       6.500
    sequence_1:    USE
    sequence_2:    DME
    targname:      GL699
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  X1
    priority:      2

!

    linenum:       7.000
    sequence_1:    USE
    sequence_2:    DME
    targname:      GL699
    num_exp:       6
    time_per_exp:  X1
    priority:      2
    req_1:         COND IF TAC

!

    linenum:       16.000
    targname:      GL406
    config:        WFC
    opmode:        IMAGE
    aperture:      W1
    sp_element:    F702W
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  12S
    priority:      2
    param_1:       PRE-FLASH=YES
    req_1:         INT ACQ FOR 18-19;
    req_2:         CYCLE 2/ 16-19;
    req_3:         GROUP 16-19 NO GAP;
    req_4:         SEQ 16-19
    comment_1:     R IMAGE FOR INTERACTIVE ACQUISITION

!

    linenum:       18.000
    targname:      ^
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    G140L
    wavelength:    1304
    num_exp:       2
    time_per_exp:  272S
    priority:      ^
    param_1:       STEP-PATT=5

!

    linenum:       19.000
    targname:      ^
    config:        ^
    opmode:        ^
    aperture:      ^
    sp_element:    ^
    wavelength:    1574
    num_exp:       2
    time_per_exp:  272S
    priority:      ^
    param_1:       ^

!

    linenum:       27.000
    targname:      HD36705
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ/PEAKUP
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  73.6S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 28-32;
    req_2:         CYCLE 3/ 27-32;
    req_3:         COND IF TAC
    comment_1:     STEP-TIME=1.6SEC
    comment_2:     CENTER IN LSA AFTER NEW DEFCAL

!

    linenum:       28.000
    targname:      RST137B
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        IMAGE
    aperture:      ^
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  96.8S
    priority:      1
    req_1:         COND IF TAC
    comment_1:     TAKE MAP AFTER CENTERING
    comment_2:     200 MSEC INTEGRATIONS
    comment_3:     LINE TO FORCE SLEW BEFORE WAVE

!

    linenum:       30.000
    targname:      WAVE
    config:        ^
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      SC2
    sp_element:    G160M
    wavelength:    1550
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  32S
    priority:      ^
    param_1:       STEP-PATT=5
    req_1:         CALIB FOR 42 NO SLEW;
    req_2:         SEQ 40-42 NON-INT;
    req_3:         COND IF TAC

!

    linenum:       32.000
    sequence_1:    USE
    sequence_2:    ROSSITER
    time_per_exp:  X1
    comment_1:     PASS THROUGH OBSERVING SEQUENCE

!

    linenum:       35.000
    targname:      LHS429
    config:        WFC
    opmode:        IMAGE
    aperture:      W1
    sp_element:    F702W
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  120S
    priority:      2
    param_1:       PRE-FLASH=YES
    req_1:         INT ACQ FOR 36-37;
    req_2:         CYCLE 4/ 35-37;
    req_3:         GROUP 35-37 NO GAP;
    req_4:         SEQ 35-37
    comment_1:     R IMAGE FOR INTERACTIVE ACQUISITION

!

    linenum:       36.000
    sequence_1:    USE
    sequence_2:    DME
    targname:      LHS429
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  X1
    priority:      2

!

    linenum:       37.000
    sequence_1:    USE
    sequence_2:    DME
    targname:      LHS429
    num_exp:       6
    time_per_exp:  X1
    priority:      2
    req_1:         COND IF TAC

!

    linenum:       40.000
    targname:      LHS2065
    config:        WFC
    opmode:        IMAGE
    aperture:      W1
    sp_element:    F702W
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  300S
    priority:      2
    param_1:       PRE-FLASH=YES
    req_1:         INT ACQ FOR 41-42;
    req_2:         CYCLE 4/ 40-42;
    req_3:         GROUP 40-42 NO GAP;
    req_4:         SEQ 40-42
    comment_1:     R IMAGE FOR INTERACTIVE ACQUISITION

!

    linenum:       41.000
    sequence_1:    USE
    sequence_2:    DME
    targname:      LHS2065
    num_exp:       1
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    priority:      2

!

    linenum:       42.000
    sequence_1:    USE
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    targname:      LHS2065
    num_exp:       8
    time_per_exp:  X1
    priority:      2
    req_1:         COND IF TAC

!
! end of exposure logsheet

! No scan data records found