! File: 3448C.PROP ! Database: PEPDB ! Date: 19-FEB-1994:08:10:49 coverpage: title_1: ULTRAVIOLET EVOLUTION OF ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES AT MODERATE title_2: REDSHIFT sci_cat: GALAXIES & CLUSTERS sci_subcat: EVOLUTION/COSMOLOGY proposal_for: GO pi_fname: ALVIO pi_lname: RENZINI pi_inst: UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA, DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY pi_country: ITALY pi_phone: 39-51-259402 hours_pri: 15.00 num_pri: 7 fos: Y off_fname: ALVIO off_lname: RENZINI off_title: DIRECTOR off_inst: DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY, UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA off_addr_1: CP 596, I-40100 off_city: BOLOGNA off_country: ITALY off_phone: (39)-51-259402 ! end of coverpage abstract: line_1: FOS ultraviolet spectroscopy of a sample of early-type galaxies with line_2: redshift in the range from 0.15 to 0.37 is proposed to determine the line_3: evolution with lookback time of the ``UV rising branch''commonly line_4: exhibited by nearby elliptical galaxies. This feature can be line_5: attributed to various types of old, hot stars in advanced evolutionary line_6: stages. The most promising of these hot star candidates appear to be line_7: hot, super metal rich horizontal branch stars, in combination with line_8: ``Post-early-AGB'' stars; other candidates include various types of line_9: binary stars, in particular accreting white dwarfs. Among the various line_10: complications of the problem, one attractive characteristics however line_11: exist: the strength and slope of UV rising branch is predicted to line_12: evolve very rapidly with redshift, and in a few Gyr lookback time line_13: the rest frame (1550A-V) color should have reddened by over one line_14: magnitude. The proposed observations provide an elegant way of indeed line_15: checking the nature of the hot stars present in ellipticals, while line_16: at the same time opening the way to a first attempt at directly line_17: measuring the lookback time to galaxies at low to moderate redshifts. ! ! end of abstract general_form_proposers: lname: RENZINI fname: ALVIO title: PI inst: UNIVERSITA` DI BOLOGNA country: ITALY esa: Y ! lname: GILMOZZI fname: ROBERTO inst: SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE INSTITUTE country: USA esa: Y ! lname: GREGGIO fname: LAURA inst: UNIVERSITA` DI BOLOGNA country: ITALY esa: Y ! lname: HELD fname: ENRICO inst: OSSERVATORIO ASTRONOMICO DI BOLOGNA country: ITALY esa: Y ! ! end of general_form_proposers block general_form_text: question: 3 section: 1 line_1: For each target galaxy we plan to obtain an FOS/RD spectrum with the G190H line_2: grating. Since our lower redshift is z=0.15, the sensitivity cutoff of the line_3: red detector below 1650A is more than compensated by the higher efficency line_4: at longer wavelengths. We are much more interested in obtaining good flux line_5: measurements than in the spectral resolution (and we would have used the line_6: G160L grating with the red channel were it not for the problem of serious line_7: contamination by stray light), so that we will use the 4.3"*1.4" aperture. line_8: The IUE spectra of zero redshift galaxies in the Virgo Cluster (D ~ 20Mpc) line_9: show an extent of about 10-12". Our objects (500 < D < 1500Mpc) will have line_10: dimensions of the order of 1 arcsec or less, so that even accounting for line_11: the spherical aberration, at least 70% of the light will enter the line_12: aperture. ! question: 4 section: 1 line_1: Ultraviolet spectroscopy is clearly impossible from the ground. IUE has line_2: been already pushed to its limits on zero redshift ellipticals, and the line_3: observation of moderate redshift galaxies such as our target objects would line_4: require unrealistically long exposure times. The feasibility of the line_5: program is not appreciably deteriorated by the spherical aberration line_6: syndrome, as the target objects have at least arcsec extensions anyway. We line_7: believe that UV imaging and spectroscopy of extended objects is a line_8: particularly attractive kind of program for HST in the next few years, line_9: i.e. while one is waiting for the restoration of the full HST line_10: capabilities. In this spirit we submit the present proposal. ! question: 7 section: 1 line_1: Data reduction will be carried out initially at the Space Telescope Science line_2: Institute, using the most up-to-date software available in-house. However, the line_3: analysis of the FOS spectra is fairly straightforward and although we will use line_4: the software available at the STScI, any spectral reduction package contains line_5: the necessary tools to reduce these data. ! question: 8 section: 1 line_1: The PI (A.R.) is Co-I in two scientifically related Cycle 2 proposals. The first line_2: proposal (PI F. Bertola) seeks at accurately studying with FOC the UV surface line_3: brightness distribution of a sample of ZERO REDSHIFT ellipticals. The second line_4: proposal (PI R. Windhorst) concerns GHRS/FOS ultraviolet spectroscopy of line_5: moderate to high redshift RADIOGALAXIES. There is a clear complementarity among line_6: the three proposals, and the scientific output of each of them would be enhanced line_7: by the completion of the two other projects. ! question: 9 section: 1 line_1: a1) GO Proposal ID 2579: THE CALIBRATION OF THE WHITE DWARF DISTANCE SCALE FOR line_2: GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. (PI A. Renzini) The program was submitted for the GO cycle line_3: 1, and received 45.80 hours of unocculted spacecraft time, with SUPPLEMENTAL line_4: priority. The program then completed the Phase 2, and was cleared for the HST line_5: observations. Subsequent to the spherical aberration problem the PI asked line_6: to DEFER the program to the first HST cycle with fully recovered WF/PC line_7: capabilities. The project 2579 is not closely related to the present proposal. line_9: a2) GO Proposal ID 2570: RECENT MASS EJECTION FROM PLANETARY NEBULA NUCLEI. line_10: (PI H. BOND) The program was submitted for the GO cycle line_11: 1, and received 3.73 hours of unocculted spacecraft time, with HIGH line_12: priority. The program then completed the Phase 2, and was cleared for the HST line_13: The project is not related to the present proposal. line_14: observations. The HST observations are scheduled for the summer/fall 1991. ! question: 10 section: 1 line_1: Computing: line_2: Bologna: Our Institute is equipped with one VAX 8530, one VAX 8800, line_3: 3 Microvaxes, three Decstations 3100 one of which could be entirely dedicated line_4: to the present project (if approved), 5Gby mass memory (of which one private line_5: 0.5 Gby disk), one Gould-DeAnza image processor, one Microvax GPX workstation, line_6: plus numerous peripherals. There is also ready access to the Cray 2 of the line_7: Bologna University. line_9: Research Assistance and Students: there are typically 10 graduate students in line_10: Astronomy at our Department, part of which already work on HST-related projects. line_11: Research assistance will be secured. line_13: Funds: line_14: Bologna: Our research grants are sufficient to cover all the expenses line_15: conceivably required to complete this together the other HST projects in which line_16: we may be involved. The facilities of the ESA/ESO ST-ECF are also available, if line_17: needed. ! !end of general form text general_form_address: lname: RENZINI fname: ALVIO category: PI inst: DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY, UNVERSITY OF BOLOGNA addr_1: CP 596, I-40100 city: BOLOGNA phone: 39-51-259402 telex: 520634 INFNBO ! ! end of general_form_address records fixed_targets: targnum: 1 name_1: A222-6 descr_1: E,303 pos_1: RA= 01H 35M 15.68S +/-0.4", pos_2: DEC= -13D 12' 59.6" +/-0.4" equinox: B1950 pm_or_par: N rv_or_z: Z=0.21 acqpr_1: EXT fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=18.9+/-0.1 fluxnum_2: 1 fluxval_2: B-V=1.56+/-0.01 ! targnum: 2 name_1: A1758-7 descr_1: E,303 pos_1: RA= 13H 30M 30.53S +/-0.4", pos_2: DEC= +50D 42' 59.2" +/-0.4" equinox: B1950 pm_or_par: N rv_or_z: Z=0.28 acqpr_1: EXT fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=19.1+/-0.1 fluxnum_2: 1 fluxval_2: B-V=1.85+/-0.01 ! targnum: 3 name_1: A1758-11 descr_1: E,303 pos_1: RA= 13H 30M 36.32S +/-0.4", pos_2: DEC= +50D 49' 51.7" +/-0.4" equinox: B1950 pm_or_par: N rv_or_z: Z=0.18 acqpr_1: EXT fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=19.2+/-0.1 fluxnum_2: 1 fluxval_2: B-V=1.41+/-0.01 ! targnum: 4 name_1: A370-24 descr_1: E,303 pos_1: RA= 02H 37M 20.0S +/-0.4", pos_2: DEC= -01D 46' 33.9" +/-0.4" equinox: B1950 pm_or_par: N rv_or_z: Z=0.37 acqpr_1: EXT fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=19.2+/-0.1 fluxnum_2: 1 fluxval_2: B-V=2.48+/-0.01 ! targnum: 5 name_1: A370-10 descr_1: E,303 pos_1: RA= 02H 37M 20.2S +/-0.4", pos_2: DEC= -1D 46' 33.9" +/-0.4" equinox: B1950 pm_or_par: N rv_or_z: Z=0.37 acqpr_1: EXT fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=18.9+/-0.1 fluxnum_2: 1 fluxval_2: B-V=2.65+/-0.01 ! targnum: 6 name_1: A3639-B descr_1: E,303 pos_1: RA= 19H 24M 24.96S +/-0.4", pos_2: DEC= -50D 59' 10.0" +/-0.4" equinox: B1950 pm_or_par: N rv_or_z: Z=0.15 acqpr_1: EXT fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=17.9+/-0.1 fluxnum_2: 1 fluxval_2: B-V=1.72+/-0.01 ! targnum: 7 name_1: A3639-D descr_1: E,303 pos_1: RA= 19H 24M 34.75S +/-0.4", pos_2: DEC= -50D 59' 17.8S +/-0.4" equinox: B1950 pm_or_par: N rv_or_z: Z=0.17 acqpr_1: EXT fluxnum_1: 1 fluxval_1: V=18.4+/-0.1 fluxnum_2: 1 fluxval_2: B-V=1.56+/-0.01 ! ! end of fixed targets ! No solar system records found ! No generic target records found exposure_logsheet: linenum: 1.000 targname: A222-6 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 30S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.1; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN; req_3: CYCLE 2 / 1.0-7.5 ! linenum: 1.100 targname: A222-6 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 90S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.3, 1.5; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 1.300 targname: A222-6 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1000S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 1.500 targname: A222-6 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACCUM aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 7200S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 2.000 targname: A1758-7 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 30S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.1; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 2.100 targname: A1758-7 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 90S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.3, 2.5; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 2.300 targname: A1758-7 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 1000S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 2.500 targname: A1758-7 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACCUM aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 7200S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 4.000 targname: A370-24 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 30S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4.1; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 4.100 targname: A370-24 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 90S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4.3, 4.5; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 4.300 targname: A370-24 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 850S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 4.500 targname: A370-24 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACCUM aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 7200S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 5.000 targname: A370-10 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 30S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5.1; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 5.100 targname: A370-10 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 90S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5.3, 5.5; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 5.300 targname: A370-10 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 850S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 5.500 targname: A370-10 config: FOS/RD opmode: ACCUM aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 4500S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 6.000 targname: A3639-B config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 30S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6.1; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 6.100 targname: A3639-B config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 90S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6.3, 6.5; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 6.300 targname: A3639-B config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 500S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 6.500 targname: A3639-B config: FOS/RD opmode: ACCUM aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G190H num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 7200S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 7.000 targname: A3639-D config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 30S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 7.1; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 7.100 targname: A3639-D config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ/PEAK aperture: 1.0 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 90S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 req_1: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 7.3, 7.5; req_2: SPATIAL SCAN ! linenum: 7.300 targname: A3639-D config: FOS/RD opmode: ACQ aperture: 4.3 sp_element: MIRROR num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 800S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! linenum: 7.500 targname: A3639-D config: FOS/RD opmode: ACCUM aperture: 4.3 sp_element: G190H time_per_exp: 9000S fluxnum_1: 1 priority: 1 ! ! end of exposure logsheet scan_data: line_list: 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: D dwell_pnts: 3 dwell_secs: 1.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 2.8000 sides_angle: 90.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.0000 first_line_pa: 0.0000 scan_frame: S/C len_offset: 1.4000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: D dwell_pnts: 6 dwell_secs: 1.00 scan_width: 0.7000 scan_length: 3.5000 sides_angle: 90.0000 number_lines: 2 scan_rate: 0.0000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: S/C len_offset: 1.750 wid_offset: 0.350 ! ! end of scan data