!  File:  1285C.PROP
!  Database:  PEPDB
!  Date:  16-FEB-1994:10:00:54

coverpage:

  title_1:         IO, EUROPA AND GANYMEDE BELOW 3000 A -- CYCLE 0
    sci_cat:       SOLAR SYSTEM
    sci_subcat:    SATELLITES, RINGS
    proposal_for:  GTO/OS
    pi_fname:      JOHN
    pi_mi:         J.
    pi_lname:      CALDWELL
    pi_inst:       YORK UNIVERSITY
    pi_country:    CANADA
    pi_phone:      (416)665-5449
    keywords_1:    IO, EUROPA, GANYMEDE, SO2
    hours_pri:     4.00
    num_pri:       3
    time_crit:     X
    pi_position:   PROFESSOR
! end of coverpage

abstract:

    line_1:        Observe Io at eastern elongation with HRS G200M at SO_2 absorption feature.
    line_2:        Observe Ganymede with identical exposure for calibration. L. Trafton/HRS
    line_3:        will obtain a similar exposure of Io at the other orbital elongation.

!
! end of abstract

general_form_proposers:

  lname:           CALDWELL
    fname:         JOHN
    mi:            J.
    inst:          YORK UNIVERSITY
    country:       CANADA

!
! end of general_form_proposers block

general_form_text:

  question:        3
    section:       1
    line_1:        Additional exposures will be made in latter cycles.

!

  question:        4
    section:       1
    line_1:        ST is required to do spectroscopy below 3000 A, where SO_2 has strong features.
    line_2:        ST will improve significantly upon the S/N and spectral resolution achieved by
    line_3:        previous satellite UV studies.

!

  question:        5
    section:       1
    line_1:        The proposed observations must be made for both Io at both orbital elongations
    line_2:        (including HRS/Trafton).  Because each satellite has synchronous rotation with
    line_3:        Jupiter, this insures that two independent hemispheres will be covered for each
    line_4:        satellite.  Previous studies of several kinds strongly suggest that there are
    line_5:        significant hemispherical variations on Io.  The orbital phase of Ganymede, (to
    line_6:        be used as a calibrator) is not important.

!

  question:        6
    section:       1
    line_1:        It is imperative to get a precise calibration, using the same instrument for
    line_2:        the target and calibrator so that instrumental effects will not interfere with
    line_3:        analysis.  Since all the Galilean satellites are nearly the same size, Ganymede
    line_4:        is ideal calibrator. If there is any variability in the solar spectrum at high
    line_5:        resolution, contemporaneous observations of Ganymede will provide the best
    line_6:        possible temporal calibration.

!

  question:        7
    section:       1
    line_1:        Io spectra will be reduced to albedos using Ganymede comparison spectra.
    line_2:        Absorption features will be matched to laboratory SO_2 spectra obtained at
    line_3:        essentially the same resolution as the ST data. Because of the thinness of
    line_4:        the atmosphere of Io, it is probable that sophisticated radiative transfer
    line_5:        techniques will not be required, but that will only be determined after
    line_6:        initial data reduction.

!

  question:        8
    section:       1
    line_1:        Io will be observed at one orbital elongation under this proposal with the HRS
    line_2:        G200M grating. L.M. Trafton of the HRS team will make an identical observation
    line_3:        of Io at the OTHER elongation, and we will combine our data for analysis. His
    line_4:        program is entitled "SO_2 on Io" and line 2 therein is the relevant exposure.

!

  question:        10
    section:       1
    line_1:        We have a dedicated Sun 4/280 computer for data analysis.

!
!end of general form text

general_form_address:

  lname:           CALDWELL
    fname:         JOHN
    mi:            J.
    title:         DR.
    category:      PI
    inst:          YORK UNIVERSITY
    addr_1:        PHYSICS DEPARTMENT
    addr_2:        4700 KEELE STREET
    city:          NORTH YORK
    state:         ON
    zip:           M3J1P3
    country:       CANADA

!
! end of general_form_address records

! No fixed target records found

solar_system_targets:

  targnum:         1
    name_1:        IO-EAST
    descr_1:       SATELLITE IO
    lev1_1:        STD = JUPITER
    lev2_1:        STD = IO
    wind_1:        OLG OF IO BETWEEN 63 117,
    wind_2:        SEP OF IO CALLISTO FROM EARTH GT 12",
    wind_3:        SEP OF IO EUROPA FROM EARTH GT 12",
    wind_4:        SEP OF IO GANYMEDE FROM EARTH GT 12"
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=5.0, TYPE=G8V
    fluxnum_2:     2
    fluxval_2:     F(2200)=2E-14
    fluxnum_3:     3
    fluxval_3:     F(2116)=1E-14

!

  targnum:         2
    name_1:        GANYMEDE-CALIB
    descr_1:       SATELLITE GANYMEDE
    lev1_1:        ^
    lev2_1:        STD = GANYMEDE
    wind_1:        OLG OF GANYMEDE BETWEEN 45 135
    wind_2:        SEP OF GANYMEDE CALLISTO FROM EARTH GT
    wind_3:        12",
    wind_4:        SEP OF GANYMEDE EUROPA FROM EARTH GT
    wind_5:        12",
    wind_6:        SEP OF GANYMEDE IO FROM EARTH GT 12"
    comment_1:     GANYMEDE'S LEADING HEMISPHERE IS A
    comment_2:     FACTOR OF 2 BRIGHTER THAN THE TRAILING
    comment_3:     HEMISPHERE IN THE UV
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=4.6, TYPE=G8V
    fluxnum_2:     2
    fluxval_2:     F(2116)=9E-14
    fluxnum_3:     3
    fluxval_3:     F(2500)=24E-14

!
! end of solar system targets

! No generic target records found

exposure_logsheet:

    linenum:       1.000
    targname:      IO-EAST
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    time_per_exp:  25S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxnum_2:     2
    priority:      1
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE =3,
    param_3:       FAINT =1800
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.5-2.5;
    req_2:         CYCLE 0 / 1-2.5; GROUP 1,8.2
    req_3:         WITHIN 8D
    comment_1:     STEP-TIME=1.0

!

    linenum:       1.500
    targname:      IO-EAST
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  265S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxnum_2:     2
    priority:      1
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE =1,
    param_2:       LOCATE=NO,
    param_3:       FAINT = 0,
    param_4:       MAP = END-POINT
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2;
    req_2:         SEQ 1-1.5 NON-INT;
    comment_1:     STEP-TIME=1.0

!

    linenum:       1.900
    targname:      WAVE
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      SC1
    sp_element:    G200M
    wavelength:    2116
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  57.6S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       FP-SPLIT=STD
    req_1:         CALIB FOR 2;

!

    linenum:       2.000
    targname:      IO-EAST
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    G200M
    wavelength:    2116
    num_exp:       4
    time_per_exp:  15M
    s_to_n:        15
    fluxnum_1:     3
    priority:      2
    param_1:       FP-SPLIT=STD
    comment_1:     IF IT WOULD HELP SCHEDULING EFFICIENCY
    comment_2:     TO HAVE MORE BUT SHORTER EXPOSURES
    comment_3:     (E.G. 4 X 15, OR 6 X 10), OKAY.

!

    linenum:       2.500
    targname:      IO-EAST
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        IMAGE
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  256S
    s_to_n:        20
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       NX=16,NY=16
    req_1:         SEQ 2.0-2.5 NO GAP ;
    comment_1:     STEP-TIME=1.0

!

    linenum:       8.200
    targname:      GANYMEDE-CALIB
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  5S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE =5,
    param_2:       FAINT = 600,
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 8.3-8.6;
    req_2:         CYCLE 0 / 8.2-8.6;
    req_3:         SEQ 8.2-8.3 NON-INT;

!

    linenum:       8.300
    targname:      GANYMEDE-CALIB
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  52.8S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE =1,
    param_2:       FAINT = 0, LOCATE = NO,
    param_3:       MAP = END-POINT
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 8.5;

!

    linenum:       8.400
    targname:      WAVE
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      SC1
    sp_element:    G200M
    wavelength:    2116
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  57.6S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       FP-SPLIT=STD
    req_1:         CALIB FOR 8.5;

!

    linenum:       8.500
    targname:      GANYMEDE-CALIB
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    G200M
    wavelength:    2116
    num_exp:       4
    time_per_exp:  15M
    s_to_n:        70
    fluxnum_1:     2
    priority:      2
    param_1:       FP-SPLIT=STD
    comment_1:     SAME COMMENT AS FOR LINE 2

!

    linenum:       8.600
    targname:      GANYMEDE-CALIB
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        IMAGE
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  51.2S
    s_to_n:        15
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       NX=16,NY=16
    req_1:         SEQ 8.5-8.6 NO GAP;
    comment_1:     STEP-TIME=0.2

!
! end of exposure logsheet

! No scan data records found