Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 850 Report Date: 18-Jul-95:22:05 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: SATURN WHITE SPOT - TARGET OF OPPORTUNITY - CM/TEST ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID SOLAR SYSTEM CM/TEST Sub Category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Mr. James Hare SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE INST USA (301)338-4447 PROFESSOR OF PLANETA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract This program will obtain two-color exposure sets to measure atmospheric motion in the recently discovered new White Spot. The first set should be obtained when the feature is near the Central Meridian Followed about twenty hours 28 minutes later (2 Saturn revs) by the 2nd set. At about 61 hours 24 minutes (6 revs from the first set) the final set should be taken. Each set consists of three orbits of 8 exposures each. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: SATURN, ATMOSPHERE DYNAMICS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 7.04 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 1 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 850 PI: Mr. James Hare Proposal Title: SATURN WHITE SPOT - TARGET OF OPPORTUNITY - CM/TEST ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Mr. James Hare SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Justification. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. The proposed observations consist of four 5 sec exposures in F439W followed by four F889N 40 sec exposures all in the PC. Four exposures are required to increase the S/N ratio to an acceptable level based on our recent experience with deconvolving the SAT images. This same sequence should be repeated 20 hours 28m +/- 30m later when the spot is again near the central meridian, followed by a third set 61 hours 24m +/- 30m after the first observation. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. We would like to conduct a "Target of Opportunity" observation of the newly formed "White Spot" on Saturn. This spot was identified about 26 September 1990 and has evolved into the biggest and brightest spot since at least 1933. Only a few ground-based observations have been possible from the Northern hemisphere because Saturn is only about 90 degrees from the sun and is at a declination of - 22 degrees. Purpose of Observations Despite its generally banded appearance, few discrete spots (clouds) have been seen in Saturn's atmosphere. In this century, only about a dozen such features were prominent enough to yield reliable rotation rates and latitudes. The Hubble Space Telescope with the Planetary Camera can image this spot at different wavelengths, including the atmospheric methane absorption band near 890nm (F889N). This wavelength was not available on Voyager. We also propose to use F439W in the blue where the available ground-based CCD images show the highest contrast. These two image sets sample the cloud structure at different altitudes where important questions concerning the distribution of winds with height can be addressed directly for the first time. If small scale features exist in the spot, we will determine whether the spot is rotating cyclonically or anticyclonically, and we will measure the vorticity at various locations. The chance to measure the zonal (east-west) velocity more than eight years after the Voyager encounter will reveal whether the winds are changing or not. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: JIM HARE Category: PI Institution: SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE INSTITUTE Address: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY HOMEWOOD CAMPUS City: BALTIMORE State: MD Zip Code: 21218 Country: USA Telephone: Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 3 Name: WILLIAM BAUM Category: CON Institution: LOWELL OBSERVATORY Address: PLANETARY RESEARCH CENTER 1400 WEST MARS HILL ROAD City: FLAGSTAFF State: AZ Zip Code: 86002 Country: USA Telephone: (602) 774-3358 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: RITA BEEBE Category: CON Institution: NEW MEXICO STATE Address: ASTRONOMY DEPT. City: LAS CRUCES State: NM Zip Code: 88003 Country: USA Telephone: 505-646-1938 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: G. EDWARD DANIELSON Category: CON Institution: CALTECH Address: M/S 170-25 DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL & PLANETARY SCIENCES City: PASADENA State: CA Zip Code: 91125 Country: USA Telephone: (818) 356-4900 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: ANDREW INGERSOL Category: CON Institution: CALTECH Address: M/S 170-25 DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL & PLANETARY SCIENCES City: PASADENA State: CA Zip Code: 91125 Country: USA Telephone: (818) 356-6167 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 850 [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SATURN1 WHITE SPOT RA= 19H 28M 18.54S +/-1S, 2000 DEC= -21D 58' 15.2" +/-10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SATURN2 WHITE SPOT RA= 19H 28M 19.72S +/-1S, 2000 DEC= -21D 58' 13.0" +/-10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SATURN4 WHITE SPOT RA= 19H 28M 33.68S +/-1S, 2000 DEC= -21D 57' 46.9" +/-10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SATURN5 WHITE SPOT RA= 19H 28M 34.88S +/-1S, 2000 DEC= -21D 57' 44.7" +/-10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 SATURN7 WHITE SPOT RA= 19H 29M 4.69S +/-1S, 2000 DEC= -21D 56' 48.5" +/-10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 SATURN8 WHITE SPOT RA= 19H 29M 5.93S +/-1S, 2000 DEC= -21D 56' 46.1" +/-10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 850 [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SATURN1 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 GUIDE TOL 0.022" / 1-64 SEQ 1-64 Comments: INVERSE RANGE FOR PARALLAX CORRECTION IN SMS 309 IS 6.424545724 E-13 1/METERS COARSE LOCK - ALTHOUGH GYROS WILL ACCEPTABLE IF COURSE LOCK FAILS. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SATURN1 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SATURN1 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SATURN1 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SATURN1 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 SATURN1 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 SATURN1 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 SATURN1 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 Comments: END OF VISIT 1,ORBIT 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 SATURN2 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 Comments: BEGINNING OF VISIT 1, ORBIT 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 SATURN2 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 SATURN2 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 SATURN2 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 SATURN2 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 SATURN2 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 SATURN2 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 SATURN2 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 Comments: END OF VISIT 1, ORBIT 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 SATURN4 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H Comments: BEGINING OF VISIT 2, ORBIT 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 26 SATURN4 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 27 SATURN4 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 850 [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 28 SATURN4 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29 SATURN4 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 SATURN4 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 SATURN4 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 SATURN4 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H Comments: END OF VISIT 2, ORBIT 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 SATURN5 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H Comments: BEGINNING OF VISIT 2, ORBIT 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34 SATURN5 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 35 SATURN5 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 36 SATURN5 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 37 SATURN5 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 38 SATURN5 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 39 SATURN5 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 SATURN5 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H + /- 7H Comments: END OF VISIT 2, ORBIT 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49 SATURN7 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H Comments: BEGINNING OF VISIT 3, ORBIT 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 SATURN7 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 51 SATURN7 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 850 [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 52 SATURN7 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 53 SATURN7 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 54 SATURN7 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55 SATURN7 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56 SATURN7 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H Comments: END OF VISIT 3, ORBIT 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 57 SATURN8 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H Comments: BEGINNING OF VISIT 3, ORBIT 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 58 SATURN8 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 59 SATURN8 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 SATURN8 PC IMAGE P6 F439W PRE-FLASH=NO 1 4S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 61 SATURN8 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 62 SATURN8 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 63 SATURN8 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 64 SATURN8 PC IMAGE P6 F889N PRE-FLASH=NO 1 40S 1 AFTER 1 BY 61.5H + /- 7H Comments: END OF VISIT 3, ORBIT 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 850 [ 8] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations PC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters PRE-FLASH=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for CM/TEST ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 7.04 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category SOLAR SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements GUIDE TOL 0.022" / 1-64; SEQ 1-64 AFTER 1 BY 20.5H +/- 7H AFTER 1 BY 61.5H +/- 7H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F439W F889N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SATURN1 SATURN2 SATURN4 SATURN5 SATURN7 SATURN8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------