Proposal_Information Title: A Multi-faceted study of Eta Carinae Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: Hot Stars Cycle: 5 Investigators PI_name: Kris Davidson PI_Institution: University of Minnesota CoI_Name: Dennis Ebbets CoI_Institution: Ball Aerospace Corp. Contact: N CoI_Name: Fred Hamann CoI_Institution: University of California - San Diego Contact: N CoI_Name: Sveneric Johansson CoI_Institution: Lund Observatory Contact: N CoI_Name: Gerd Weigelt CoI_Institution: Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn Contact: N CoI_Name: Richard L. White CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: N CoI_Name: Adam Frank CoI_Institution: University of Minnesota Contact: N CoI_Name: Roberta M. Humphreys CoI_Institution: University of Minnesota Contact: N CoI_Name: Nolan R. Walborn CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: N CoI_Name: Jon Morse CoI_Institution: Space Telescope Science Institute Contact: N CoI_Name: Bruce Balick CoI_Institution: University of Washington Contact: N Abstract: Observations of Eta Carinae affect several different theoretical topics. This star is valuable for the physics of giant LBV eruptions, the most extreme instability that any star has been known to survive; and the LBV phenomenon is important for the evolution of the most massive stars. Almost independently, the ejecta of Eta Car now form one of the very best cases for modeling both the large- and small-scale dynamics of astrophysical bipolar structures. Another theoretical connection involves atomic physics, particularly emission-line spectroscopy; the rich Fe II spectra of this star and its ejecta make it the best example for some recently discovered fluorescent excitation mechanisms. HST observations of Eta Car have been immensely helpful in all of these connections; dramatic WFPC2 images have made its large- scale bipolar structure famous, while other studies have revealed the central stellar spectrum and the current mass- loss rate, strange ejected blobs near the star, and small- scale instabilities in the bipolar ejecta. The previous HST work has revealed new questions that need new HST data, while there are also some previously recognized gaps in the data. Here we propose specifically appropriate studies with the HRS, FOS, and WFPC2, aimed at both the star itself and its ejecta with a wide range of size scales as well as a wide range of theoretical applications. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: ----- Cy5 FOS observations of Eta Car ----- Changes in 1996: (1) Revised peakup plan. Now target 10 (ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET) refers only to the peakup location with aperture 0.3. New target 20 (PK2) is the peakup location with aperture 0.1, used for subsequent offsets. I couldn't do it this way in 1995 in 1995 because RPS2 refused to accept an offset target that was itself located by offset. At Tony Keyes' suggestion, target 20 is now specified by an RA and DEC rather than an explicit offset; that seems to fool RPS2 into behaving better. (2) Some of the target positions are slightly altered, based on a second look at WFPC2(PC) images. (3) Some of the exposure times may be altered, because the revised peakup plan is more efficient. GHRS- Using the small 0.2'' aperture, we plan to observe the core region at a series of 5 positions spaced only about 0.1'' apart, along a SE--NW line. A diagram of this scheme will be included in paper copies of this proposal (inserted after the Scientific Justification). The resulting rudimentary ``one-dimensional map'' will contain adequate information about spectral features due to the separate components A and C+D. In principle this scheme is fundamentally similar to our successful pre-COSTAR FOS project, and no more difficult. The precise orientation angle of the square aperture is not critical, provided that it is not too close to one of 4 unfavorable values. We will sample 2 or preferably 3 wavelength ranges around 2507 and 2850 Angstrom , using grating G270M with 0.09 Angstrom per diode. According to our FOS data, the continuum flux actually entering the small HRS aperture will be typically 1.5e-12 erg cm^-2 s^-1 AA^-1, giving about 6 counts/s per diode. Emission line peaks are expected to be higher by factors from 2 to 50. With exposure times of 3 to 5 minutes per sample point and the standard overhead time, our observations take 2 orbits. However, the precise initial acquisition is time- consuming; experience (e.g. with R136a) suggests that it may take almost 2 orbits. Altogether, most of our HRS plan can probably be done in 3 orbits but 4 orbits would be safer and more cost-effective. FOS- Alas, we cannot use FOS/RD, because HAlpha emission in the core object is so bright that it would endanger the instrument. Fortunately FOS/BL is OK (we've been through this problem several times before). We propose to use a 0.1'' aperture to observe two objects in the core: ``component A'' (the star itself), and ``C'' only about 0.2'' away. This is like our original plan that was approved in 1989 before HST's optical defect was discovered, but with fewer targets and gratings. Then we use a 0.5'' aperture for three other targets a few arcsec away from the core. For each target we use 4 gratings. An unusually precise 4-stage peakup is needed for the first core target, using a limited wavelength range as we did for our pre-COSTAR observations. Since this is somewhat more demanding than any of the peakup examples in the handbook, we estimate that it will take about 1.5 orbits. After this peakup, the other targets can be acquired by offsets. The continuum flux of object A (the star) is of the order of 10^- 12 erg cm^-2 s^-1 AA^-1 across the whole wavelength range to be observed; in order to get high S/N with many thousands of continuum counts per diode, exposure times will be 14, 4.5, 4.5, and 5 minutes respectively for gratings G190H, G270H, G400H, and G570H. (We are aware that G570H is not often used with FOS/BL; as mentioned above, we cannot use FOS/RD. G570H was included in our earlier FOS/BL project which observed this target region.) Including standard overhead times and the acquisition mentioned above, 3 orbits will suffice to observe both core targets A and C with the FOS. Trimming the exposure times is not very helpful, because the total time is dominated by overhead and acquisition. There are three other targets: an equatorial condensation, a condensation in the homunculus, and the site of a radio outburst. For each of these we propose to use an integration time of 14 minutes for grating G190H, and 4 or 5 minutes for each of the other three gratings. These values have been chosen so that each target can be observed in one orbit, not including initial acquisition time (which is taken care of by the core observations described above). Based on PC image data, we expect of the order of a thousand counts per diode. If it is necessary to trim our FOS program, the outer targets are scientifically independent of each other and of the core objects; the equatorial condensation has highest scientific priority. Thus, if pressed to do so, we can obtain worthwhile subsets of this FOS program in 3, 4, or 5 orbits, although it would be most cost-effective to do the entire program, in view of the time spent on initial acquisition. WFPC2(PC) IMAGING PART, MOTIVATION The "homunculus" (scattering nebula) around Eta Carinae is one of the best, most symmetric bipolar ejecta structures known. WFPC2 public-release images show it fairly well, but for a better image see the October 1994 issue of PASP, cover picture and page 1033. The homunculus is dusty ejecta produced in a giant eruption seen 150 years ago, basically a scattering nebula which also produces some emission lines. Its long-axis size is about 16 arcsec. However, structure in the 1-arcsec "core" region around the central star is also important. All size scales are of interest. We want to study (1) the morphology of the bipolar lobes and their equatorial debris-disk, (2) the structure of the central core, and (3) the expansion rate. Altogether, we plan to cover size scales from 0.1 to 20 arcsec, and a large range of brightness (see below). This one-orbit WFPC2 part of our Cycle 5 project is a continuation of earlier imaging in 1992-1994 in a program of Dennis Ebbets, Rick White, et al. The 1994 image was violet-wavelength (filter F336W) where the bipolar lobes are quite opaque; with a red-wavelength image using F631N instead, we expect to see into the structure. We hope to measure proper motions (nebular expansion) in two ways- with a new F336W image, and also by comparing the F631N data with a 1992 pre-COSTAR image that was obtained with the same filter. OBSERVATIONAL DETAILS FILTER CHOICE The spectrum of Eta Carinae and its surrounding "homunculus" nebula includes a dense forest of emission lines. With almost any WFPC2 filter, the resulting image includes emission lines from the diffuse gas + scattered emission lines from the central core + scattered continuum light, all mixed together. To avoid such confusion, we want to exclude all significant emission lines, so the resulting image represents only scattered continuum light. We've identified only one WFPC2 filter that can do that at visual-to-red wavelengths, and it's a surprising choice - F631N. This filter was intended to image the [OI] 6300A emission line in nebulae. Eta Carinae has practically no [OI] emission, and it turns out that this narrow filter bandpass doesn't include any other perceptible Eta-Car emission lines either. Our other filter choice, F336W (used previously in the Ebbets program) is also dominated by continuum, because emission lines are less prominent around 3400 A. However, F631N should do a better job than F336W for getting nearly-pure-continuum light. REASON FOR MULTIPLE EXPOSURES The central star is bright, like a red 8th-magnitude star. The homunculus is not nearly as bright, and the outer edges of the homunculus have moderately low surface brightnesses. Consequently, the whole object has a huge dynamic range. Obviously we have to use a range of PC exposure times, combining the data to get one final image with adequate dynamic range. This was already done in a simpler way with the 1994 F336W image data (using just two exposure times). One orbit is more than enough time to get an ordinary-good F631N image this way, but for reasons explained above we want to concentrate on that filter. Therefore we decided to make a SUPERB image, using a wide range of exposure times. For the shortest exposures, we want to optimize the setup to get the best possible picture of the bright central core (it should look like a fuzzy multiple star at red wavelengths, with component separations of about 0.2 arcsec). For the longest exposures, we want to use more than one pointing location in order to eliminate practically all local instrumental defects. Real_Time_Justification: Calibration_Justification: Additional_Comments: J. Morse has already obtained an HBeta radial velocity map of the homunculus, using the F-P at CTIO. This will be useful for adding the third dimension to our studies and models of the bipolar homunculus. (1) There is no need to do the PC, FOS, and HRS observations at the same time. (2) ORIENTATION special requirement for HRS: We want the HRS small to be roughly aligned with our NW--SE line of successive HRS sample positions. This need is fulfilled if the U3 axis is within about +/- 20 degrees of ANY of the following four position angles: 0, 90, 180, or 270 degrees. Therefore our ORIENT special requirement really allows any of 4 position angle ranges, not just the one specified in the standard format. These same orientations are also favorable (but not necessary) for our use of FOS aperture 0.1. (3) Concerning our use of the small 0.1" FOS aperture: We are not attempting to measure accurate absolute fluxes. (If possible, we would like to have the pipeline data processing done as though FOS aperture 1.0 had been used, i.e. with a fake aperture throughput near 100 percent. This would make our first analyses of the data easier.) (4) Concerning the unusual combination of grating G570H with FOS/BL: We must use FOS/BL rather than FOS/RD, because some of Eta Car's emission lines are too bright for FOS/RD. However, since we wish to observe the longest wavelengths possible, we use G570H to get the 4800--5600 A range. This is primarily to detect emission lines. We do not need a special flux calibration for the FOS/BL/G570H combination, because extrapolation plus other considerations will give a rough but adequate calibration of the relative fluxes. From previous pre-COSTAR observations, we know that the maximum count rates with FOS/BL will not be dangerously high: About 10000 cts/s in just one or two peak diodes for the H-beta and H-gamma emission lines, and a few hundred cts/s in the continuum at the brightest target position. (5) Special catalog ZZZQ provides far more guide stars for Eta Car than does the GSC. (6) From pre-COSTAR FOS data and 1994 PC imaging, we know that the maximum count rates with FOS/BL will not be dangerously high: Up to 10000 cts/s in just one or two peak diodes for the H-beta and H-gamma emission lines, and a few hundred cts/s in the continuum at the brightest target position. (7) The FOS peakup plan is somewhat unusual, because there is structure in the core region of Eta Carinae (fairly well known now from previous HST data). The peak position with FOS aperture 0.3 includes light from both the central star and some features NW of it, and therefore this position is about 0.1" NW of the star. The final peakup with aperture 0.1, however, will go to the star itself. In our original plan we took care of this small difference in peak positions by doing an offset after the aperture-0.3 coarse peakup. However, RPS2 refused to process a double offset. Therefore, the plan below includes an "extra" peakup, 3 x 3 with aperture 0.1, merely as an unusual way to do the small offset. Then two 4 x 4 final peakups are done to get the high precision that we want. The 3 x 3 extra peakup stage fits nicely into the first orbit of Visit 1, time that might otherwise be wasted anyway. Anyway, a better plan with a double offset seems possible but the plan given here should work OK. (8) Note that the FOS peakup uses only the wavelength range 4600-4800 A, in order to minimize the effect of emission lines. A successful peakup on the same object was done in 1991, using FOS/BL/G570H with nearly the same wavelength range. ! ===-=== TARGET LIST Fixed_Targets ! Section 5.1 ! ===-=== General target (peakup for FOS and HRS, image center for PC): Target_Number: 10 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Alternate_Names: HD93308-PK1-OFFSET Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star Position: RA = 10H 45M 3.61S +/- 0.04S, DEC = -59D 41' 3.9" +/- 0.3", PLATE-ID=ZZZQ Equinox: 2000 Flux: V = 8.6 +/- 0.5, B = 9.0 +/- 0.5, F(2850) = 25 +/- 7 E-13 F(3550) = 20 +/- 7 E-13 F(4700) = 15 +/- 5 E-13 F(7000) = 11 +/- 4 E-13 Comments: (1) NOTE special catalog ZZZQ for Eta Car. - (2) This is the peakup location with aperture 0.3 or larger, compare target 20. ! Original version of this proposal included a second offset reference ! location PK2 for the FOS fine peakup -- see comment (2) for target PK1. ! This would have made the FOS peakup more efficient. However, PK2 has ! been deleted here because RPS2 could not cope with it. ! ===-=== 6 FOS targets: Target_Number: 20 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK2-OFFSET Alternate_Names: HD93308-PK2-OFFSET Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star !(Deleted because of RPS2 glitch:) Position: R = 0.09", PA = 130D, FROM 10 Position: RA = 10H 45M 3.619S +/- 0.003S, DEC = -59D 41' 3.96" +/- 0.02", PLATE-ID=ZZZQ Equinox: 2000 Flux: V = 8.6 +/- 0.5, B = 9.0 +/- 0.5, F(2850) = 25 +/- 7 E-13, F(3550) = 20 +/- 7 E-13, F(4700) = 15 +/- 5 E-13, F(7000) = 11 +/- 4 E-13 Comments: Peakup location with aperture 0.1, near the central star; offset R=0.09", PA=130D from 10. Specified here as RA and DEC merely to circumvent RPS2 glitch. Target_Number: 110 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-A Alternate_Names: HD93308-A Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Emission Line Star, Wind Position: R = 0.015", PA = 135D, FROM 20 Equinox: 2000 Flux: V = 8.2 +/- 0.3, B = 9.2 +/- 0.3, F(2850) = 22 +/- 6 E-13, F(3550) = 15 +/- 4 E-13, F(5000) = 17 +/- 5 E-13 Comments: Central star of Eta Car, slightly offset from PK2 to reduce diffuse contamination. Target for FOS aperture 0.1. Target_Number: 130 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-C Alternate_Names: HD93308-C Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta,Knot Position: R = 0.22", PA = 306D, FROM 20 Equinox: 2000 Flux: V = 9.2 +/- 0.5, B = 9.9 +/- 0.5, F(2850) = 13 +/- 5 E-13, F(3550) = 9 +/- 3 E-13, F(5000) = 7 +/- 5 E-13 Comments: Gas blob, compact so it looks like a star. Target for FOS aperture 0.1. Target_Number: 310 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS1 Alternate_Names: HD93308-FOS1 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta,Knot,Filament Position: R = 1.35", PA = 320D, FROM 20 Equinox: 2000 Flux: V = 11.2 +/- 0.5, B = 11.7 +/- 0.5, F(2850) = 30 +/- 10 E-14, F(3550) = 18 +/- 7 E-14, F(5000) = 13 +/- 5 E-14 Comments: Blob and filament in equatorial debris. Target_Number: 320 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS2 Alternate_Names: HD93308-FOS2 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta,Knot Position: R = 3.10", PA = 250D, FROM 20 Equinox: 2000 Flux: V = 13.8 +/- 0.5, B = 14.3 +/- 0.5, F(2850) = 30 +/- 10 E-15, F(3550) = 17 +/- 7 E-15, F(5000) = 12 +/- 5 E-15 Comments: Blob in equatorial debris. Target_Number: 330 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS3 Alternate_Names: HD93308-FOS3 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta,Knot Position: R = 1.30", PA = 47D, FROM 20 Equinox: 2000 Flux: V = 10.5 +/- 0.5, B = 11.0 +/- 0.5, F(2850) = 50 +/- 15 E-14, F(3550) = 35 +/- 12 E-14, F(5000) = 25 +/- 10 E-14 Comments: Forward-scattering blob, in shoulder of SE homunculus lobe. Target_Number: 340 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS4 Alternate_Names: HD93308-FOS4 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta,Knot Position: R = 4.02", PA = 135D, FROM 20 Equinox: 2000 Flux: V = 13.1 +/- 0.5, B = 13.6 +/- 0.5, F(2850) = 50 +/- 15 E-15, F(3550) = 32 +/- 12 E-15, F(5000) = 23 +/- 10 E-15 Comments: Blob in near side of SE homunculus lobe. ! ===-=== 6 HRS targets: Target_Number: 510 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS1 Alternate_Names: HD93308-HRS1 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta Position: R = 0.31", PA = 315D, FROM 10 Equinox: 2000 Flux: F-CONT(2700) = 13 +/- 6 E-13, F-LINE(2507) = 50 +/- 8 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2, F-LINE(2846) = 10 +/- 2 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2 Comments: 1st sample point for 1-dim scan with HRS. Fluxes refer to light passing through the small HRS aperture, including the aperture throughput factor. Units for F-LINE are erg cm-2 s-1 A-1; the proposal instructions are not consistent on this point. Target_Number: 520 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS2 Alternate_Names: HD93308-HRS2 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta Position: R = 0.20", PA = 315D, FROM 10 Equinox: 2000 Flux: F-CONT(2700) = 13 +/- 6 E-13, F-LINE(2507) = 50 +/- 8 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2, F-LINE(2846) = 10 +/- 2 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2 Comments: 2nd sample point for 1-dim scan with HRS, Similar to target 510. Target_Number: 530 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS3 Alternate_Names: HD93308-HRS3 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta Position: R = 0.09", PA = 315D, FROM 10 Equinox: 2000 Flux: F-CONT(2700) = 13 +/- 6 E-13, F-LINE(2507) = 50 +/- 8 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2, F-LINE(2846) = 10 +/- 2 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2 Comments: 3rd sample point for 1-dim scan with HRS, similar to target 510. Target_Number: 540 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS4 Alternate_Names: HD93308-HRS4 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta Position: R = 0.02", PA = 135D, FROM 10 Equinox: 2000 Flux: F-CONT(2700) = 13 +/- 6 E-13, F-LINE(2507) = 50 +/- 8 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2, F-LINE(2846) = 10 +/- 2 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2 Comments: 4th sample point for 1-dim scan with HRS, similar to target 510. Target_Number: 550 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS5 Alternate_Names: HD93308-HRS5 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta Position: R = 0.13", PA = 135D, FROM 10 Equinox: 2000 Flux: F-CONT(2700) = 13 +/- 6 E-13, F-LINE(2507) = 50 +/- 8 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2, F-LINE(2846) = 10 +/- 2 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2 Comments: 2nd sample point for 1-dim scan with HRS, similar to target 510. Target_Number: 560 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS6 Alternate_Names: HD93308-HRS6 Description: STAR,Eta Carinae Star,Ejecta Position: R = 0.24", PA = 135D, FROM 10 Equinox: 2000 Flux: F-CONT(2700) = 13 +/- 6 E-13, F-LINE(2507) = 50 +/- 8 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2, F-LINE(2846) = 10 +/- 2 E-12, W-LINE(2507) = 0.4 +/- 0.2 Comments: 6th sample point for 1-dim scan with HRS, similar to target 510. !===-=== END OF TARGET LIST === ! ===-=== OBSERVATIONS: ==== Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 1 Visit_Requirements: Visit_Comments: Visits 1, 2, 3 (PC, HRS, FOS) may be done in any order. It is scientifically desirable to do them at about the same time (say within a few weeks of each other), but this is not actually necessary. ! ===-=== PC IMAGES: === Exposure_Number: 110 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F631N Optional_Parameters: ATD-GAIN=15 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.5S Comments: Series of exposures to get large dynamic range Exposure_Number: 120 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F631N Optional_Parameters: ATD-GAIN=15 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.0S Special_Requirements: POS TARG 0.25,0.25 ! 11 cols, 11 rows Exposure_Number: 130 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F631N Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2.0S !Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 140 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F631N Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 8.0S Special_Requirements: POS TARG -0.25,-0.25 ! 11 cols, 11 rows Exposure_Number: 150 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F631N Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 30.0S Special_Requirements: POS TARG 0.25,0.25 Exposure_Number: 160 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F631N Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 120.0S Special_Requirements: POS TARG -0.25,-0.25 ! 11 cols, 11 rows Exposure_Number: 170 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F631N Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 350.0S Exposure_Number: 180 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1 Sp_Element: F336W Optional_Parameters: CLOCKS=YES Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 40.0S Comments: Intentional duplication of 1994 F336W image, to look for possible changes ! ===-=== END OF WFPC2(PC) OBSERVATIONS ! ===-=== HRS OBSERVATIONS: Visit_number: 2 Visit_Requirements: ORIENT 70D TO 110D Visit_Comments: IMPORTANT NOTE: Three other orientation ranges are just as good: 70D to 110D, 160D to 200D, 250D to 290D, or 340D to 20D, i.e., fourfold symmetry with U3 pointing near ANY of these directions: north OR east OR south OR west. See "Additional Comments" at the end of the narrative sections of this proposal. ! ===-=== HRS ACQUISITION: === Exposure_Number: 310 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-A2 ! Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: BRIGHT=RETURN,SEARCH-SIZE=5 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 25S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 320 Comments: Step-time is 1.0 S. Exposure_Number: 320 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-A2 ! Wavelength: ! Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 153S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 330-340 ! Section 7.2 Comments: Step-time is 1.5 S. Exposure_Number: 330 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: HRS Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: 2.0 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Optional_Parameters: NX=22,NY=22,DELTA-X=2,DELTA-Y=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 150S !Special_Requirements: Exposure_Number: 340 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: HRS Opmode: ACQ/PEAKUP Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: MIRROR-N2 Optional_Parameters: SEARCH-SIZE=5 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 5.0S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 413-467 Comments: Step-time is 0.2 s. ! ===-=== END OF HRS ACQUISITION === ! ===-=== HRS OBSERVATIONS: Exposure_Number: 413 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS1 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2507 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Exposure_Number: 414 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS1 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2846 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300S Exposure_Number: 426 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS2 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2846 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300S Exposure_Number: 427 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS2 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2740 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300S Exposure_Number: 429 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS2 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2507 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Exposure_Number: 433 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS3 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2507 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Exposure_Number: 434 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS3 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2846 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300S Exposure_Number: 446 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS4 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2846 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300S Exposure_Number: 447 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS4 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2507 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Exposure_Number: 453 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS5 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2507 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S Exposure_Number: 454 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS5 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2740 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300S Exposure_Number: 456 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS5 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2846 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300S Exposure_Number: 466 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS6 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2846 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300S Exposure_Number: 467 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-HRS6 Config: HRS Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.25 Sp_Element: G270M Wavelength: 2507 Optional_Parameters: STEP-PATT=2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200S ! ===-=== END OF HRS OBSERVATIONS (visit 2) ! ===-=== FOS OBSERVATIONS Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 3 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 Visit_Comments: Visit 3 uses FOS. See "Additional Comments" at end of narrative sections, especially regarding the FOS peakup plan. Exposure_Number: 610 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 4.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: 4600-4800 Optional_Parameters: SEARCH-SIZE-X=1,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3,SCAN-STEP-Y=1.2 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.0 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 620 ! Section 7.2 Comments: Only 4600-4800 A enabled, to exclude H-beta. Expect peak about 15000 cts/s in 4600-4800A range. Re FOS/BL/G570H, see Additional Comments at end of narrative sections. Exposure_Number: 620 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 1.0 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: 4600-4800 Optional_Parameters: SEARCH-SIZE-X=6,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=2, SCAN-STEP-X=0.6,SCAN-STEP-Y=0.6 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.0 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 630 ! Section 7.2 Comments: Only 4600-4800 A enabled, see comment for 610 Exposure_Number: 630 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK1-OFFSET Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.3 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: 4600-4800 Optional_Parameters: SEARCH-SIZE-X=5,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5, SCAN-STEP-X=0.18,SCAN-STEP-Y=0.18 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 1.5 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 650 ! Section 7.2 Comments: Only 4600-4800 A enabled, see comment for 610. Exposure_Number: 650 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK2-OFFSET Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: 4600-4800 Optional_Parameters: SEARCH-SIZE-X=3,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=3, SCAN-STEP-X=0.09,SCAN-STEP-Y=0.09 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 660 ! Section 7.2 Comments: Only 4600-4800 A enabled. Note this stage uses target PK2 rather than PK1. See comments for targets 10 and 20. Exposure_Number: 660 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-PK2-OFFSET Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACQ/PEAK Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: 4600-4800 Optional_Parameters: SEARCH-SIZE-X=5,SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5, SCAN-STEP-X=0.03,SCAN-STEP-Y=0.03 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0 S Special_Requirements: ONBOARD ACQ FOR 711-887 ! Section 7.2 Comments: Special very-fine peakup. Only 4600-4800 A enabled, see earlier comments. ! ===-=== end of acquisition Exposure_Number: 711 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-A Config: FOS/BL Opmode: RAPID Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: READ-TIME=20 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 100 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: RAPID mode to facilitate corrections for data overflows in H-beta emission line. For continuum, expect roughly 10000 cts/diode in 100 s. Exposure_Number: 713 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-A Config: FOS/BL Opmode: RAPID Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G400H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: READ-TIME=15 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 75 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: RAPID mode to facilitate corrections for data overflows in H-gamma emission line. For continuum, expect roughly 23000 cts/diode in 75 s. Exposure_Number: 715 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-A Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G270H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 50 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 28000 cts/diode in 50 s. Exposure_Number: 717 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-A Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G190H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 160 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 3500 cts/diode in 200 s. Exposure_Number: 731 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-C Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G190H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 4000 cts/diode in 300 s. (Should be possible to improve sequence of grating changes, but I don't know enough oper. details. -- KD) Exposure_Number: 733 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-C Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G400H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 100 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 19000 cts/diode in 100 s. Exposure_Number: 735 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-C Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G270H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 80 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 28000 cts/diode in 80 s. Exposure_Number: 737 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-C Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.1-PAIR-A Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 150 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 9000 cts/diode in 150 s. Exposure_Number: 811 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS1 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 360 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 6000 cts/diode in 360 s. Exposure_Number: 813 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS1 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G400H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 200 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 14000 cts/diode in 200 s. Exposure_Number: 815 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS1 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G270H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 100 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 14000 cts/diode in 100 s. Exposure_Number: 817 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS1 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G190H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 400 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 2500 cts/diode in 400 s. Exposure_Number: 841 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS4 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G190H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 900 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 900 cts/diode in 900 s. Exposure_Number: 843 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS4 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G270H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 330 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 7000 cts/diode in 330 s. Exposure_Number: 845 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS4 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G400H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 600 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 7000 cts/diode in 600 s. Exposure_Number: 847 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS4 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 300 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 1200 cts/diode in 300 s. Exposure_Number: 871 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS2 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 560 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 1000 cts/diode in 560 s. Exposure_Number: 873 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS2 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G400H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 360 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 2300 cts/diode in 360 s. Exposure_Number: 875 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS2 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G270H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 150 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 2000 cts/diode in 150 s. Exposure_Number: 877 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS2 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G190H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 650 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 500 cts/diode in 650 s. Exposure_Number: 881 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS3 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G190H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 120 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 1200 cts/diode in 120 s. Exposure_Number: 883 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS3 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G400H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 60 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 8000 cts/diode in 50 s. Exposure_Number: 885 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS3 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G270H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 50 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 12000 cts/diode in 60 s. Exposure_Number: 887 Target_Name: ETA-CAR-FOS3 Config: FOS/BL Opmode: ACCUM Aperture: 0.5 Sp_Element: G570H Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 80 S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Comments: Expect roughly 3500 cts/diode in 80 s. ! ===-=== END OF FOS OBSERVATIONS Data_Distribution ! Defaults indicated; change if desired Medium: 8MM ! 8MM or 6250BPI or 1600BPI Blocking_Factor: 10 ! 10 or 1 Ship_To: PI_address Ship_Via: UPS ! UPS (2-day) or OVERNIGHT Recipient_Email: !kd@ea.spa.umn.edu