! Proposal 5832, submission 1 ! PI: Philip James ! Received Mon Feb 27 13:37:16 EST 1995 ! From: pjames@astro.utoledo.edu Proposal_Information ! Section 4 Title: SYNOPTIC MONITORING OF SEASONAL PHENOMENA ON MARS Proposal_Category: GO Scientific_Category: Solar System Cycle: 5 Investigators PI_name: Philip James PI_Institution: University of Toledo CoI_Name: Todd Clancy CoI_Institution: University of Colorado Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Steve Lee CoI_Institution: University of Colorado Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: Leonard Martin CoI_Institution: Lowell Observatory Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) CoI_Name: James Bell CoI_Institution: NASA Ames Research Center Contact: ! Y or N (designate at most one contact) Abstract: ! Free format text (please update) Mars is accessible to HST for the 13 months of its 26 month synodic cycle when Mars is more than 50 degrees from the sun. The current period of observations commenced in early August and will continue through the end of Cycle 4; Cycle 5 includes only the last two months of this period. We propose to follow the observing strategy adopted in Cycle 4 for these observations. This strategy involved monitoring the Syrtis Major face of Mars using five UV and visible filters every month with occasional global sequences which include targets separated by 120 degrees of longitude. We also propose to add several filters to our Cycle 5 observations in order to accommodate the addition of Jim Bell, who is a Co-I on Dr. David Crisp's Cycle 4 GT program, to our team. These observations will allow him to continue his study of the mineralology of martian surface units. Finally, in order to complete our search for a putative dust ring in Mars' equatorial plane, we propose a pair of observations scheduled in July, 1995 when the ring plane in tilted maximally towards earth. Questions ! Free format text (please update) Observing_Description: We intend to continue the observing strategy which was adopted in Cycle 4 and previous cycles. We will observe Mars every 15 degrees of Ls (areocentric solar longitude), that is roughly every one half (martian) month in order to provide sufficient temporal coverage to detect the effects of major phenomena, such as global dust storms. Images will be targeted on the Syrtis Major face of Mars, roughly 285 degrees central meridian. This is a region in which large albedo changes have been historically observed; these images will also allow us to monitor the active cloud forming Elysium area and the very interesting Hellas basin, a site of surface frosts, dust storms, and clouds. We shall continue to use the 255W and 336W filters, which have proven useful in characterizing the martian atmosphere, as well as the 410M, 502N, 673N B,G,R triplet. Our first proposed Cycle 5 sequence, on July 2 at Ls = 120, will additionally image other faces of Mars separted by +/- 120 degrees from Syrtis. This will provide global information at a new, mid-summer season, will provide valuable planetary color data for the mineralogogy study, and will allow comparison with Cycle 2 images which were acquired at a similar season but which, due to scheduling problems, were not targeted on Syrtis. We are proposing to obtain images at four additional wavelengths that are diagnostic of Mars surface mineralogy. These include 2 additional simple filters (F953N and F1042M) and 2 positions on the linear ramp filter (LRF7400 and LRF8600). The 953 and 1042 filters are at wavelengths diagnostic of the minerals pyroxene and olivine. The 1042 observations will also be useful for calibration of images to be obtained at nearly the same wavelength by the Laser Altimeter experiment on the Mars Global Surveyor mission. The 8600 LRF wavelength is diagnostic of iron oxide mineralogy, and the 7400 LRF filter will be used as a continuum point for the quantitative derivation of band depths from all the other filters (Mars has a reflectance maximum near 7400). When combined with the 5 nominal wavelengths proposed for the meteorological part of this proposal, this filter combination will allow for the detection and discrimination of many different possible surface materials, including hematite, goethite, pyroxene, olivine, poorly crystalline palagonite-like materials, ices, and iron-bearing sulfates and carbonates. Real_Time_Justification: These observations are time critical since the maximum value of synoptic monitoring is achieved when sequences are roughly evenly spaced. In addition, it is important that targets in this and other cycles be separated by exactly one martian year in order to separate seasonal from interannual effects. Thus the sequences of images should be scheduled within a few days of the optimum areocentric longitudes. The central meridian on Mars to be targeted requires additional selectivity in terms of the particular orbit chosen within those broader time intervals. We are conducting supporting earth based observations during the portion of Cycle 4 when Mars will be near opposition. However, during Cycle 5 Mars will be too small in angular diameter to justify earth based observations. Additional_Comments: Solar_System_Targets Target_Number: 1 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Description: PLANET MARS Level_1: STD=MARS Window: CML OF MARS FROM EARTH BETWEEN 270 300 Flux: SURF(V) = 4.0 +/- 0.1 SURF(4100) = 2.4 +/- 0.2 E-11 SURF(5020) = 6.3 +/- 0.2 E-11 SURF(6730) = 1.1 +/- 0.2 E-10 SURF-LINE(2500) = 2 +/- 1 E-13 W-LINE(2500) = 200 +/- 50 SURF-CONT(3350) = 2 +/- 0.4 E-11 Comments: Target_Number: 2 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Description: PLANET MARS Level_1: STD=MARS Window: CML OF MARS FROM EARTH BETWEEN 030 060 Flux: SURF(V) = 4.0 +/- 0.1 SURF(4100) = 2.4 +/- 0.2 E-11 SURF(5020) = 6.3 +/- 0.2 E-11 SURF(6730) = 1.1 +/- 0.2 E-10 SURF-LINE(2500) = 2 +/- 1 E-13 W-LINE(2500) = 200 +/- 50 SURF-CONT(3350) = 2 +/- 0.4 E-11 Comments: Target_Number: 3 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Description: PLANET MARS Level_1: STD=MARS Window: CML OF MARS FROM EARTH BETWEEN 150 180 Flux: SURF(V) = 4.0 +/- 0.1 SURF(4100) = 2.4 +/- 0.2 E-11 SURF(5020) = 6.3 +/- 0.2 E-11 SURF(6730) = 1.1 +/- 0.2 E-10 SURF-LINE(2500) = 2 +/- 1 E-13 W-LINE(2500) = 200 +/- 50 SURF-CONT(3350) = 2 +/- 0.4 E-11 Comments: Visits ! Section 6 Visit_Number: 51 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 BETWEEN 01-JUL-95 AND 05-JUL-95 GROUP 51-53 WITHIN 24H Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 511 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F410M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 512 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F502N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 513 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F673N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.6S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 514 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F255W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 180S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 515 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F336W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 516 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F953N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 517 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F1042M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 518 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 7400 Optional_Parameters: atd-gain=15 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 519 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 8600 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.13S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Visit_Number: 52 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 BETWEEN 01-JUL-95 AND 05-JUL-95 GROUP 51-53 WITHIN 24H Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 521 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F410M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 522 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F502N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 523 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F673N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.6S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 524 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F255W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 180S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 525 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F336W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 526 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F953N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 527 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F1042M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 528 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 7400 Optional_Parameters: atd-gain=15 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 529 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML045 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 8600 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.13S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Visit_Number: 53 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 BETWEEN 01-JUL-95 AND 05-JUL-95 GROUP 51-53 WITHIN 24H Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 531 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F410M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 532 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F502N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 533 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F673N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.6S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 534 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F255W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 180S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 535 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F336W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 536 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F953N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 537 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F1042M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 538 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 7400 Optional_Parameters: atd-gain=15 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 539 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML165 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 8600 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.13S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Visit_Number: 61 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 BETWEEN 01-AUG-95 AND 05-AUG-95 Visit_Comments: Exposure_Number: 611 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F410M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 612 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F502N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 613 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F673N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.6S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 614 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F255W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 180S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 615 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F336W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 616 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F953N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 617 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F1042M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 618 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 7400 Optional_Parameters: atd-gain=15 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 619 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 8600 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.13S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Visit_Number: 71 Visit_Requirements: ! Section 7.1 BETWEEN 24-AUG-95 AND 26-AUG-95 Visit_Comments: Last period before elongation < 50 degrees Exposure_Number: 711 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F410M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 2.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 712 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F502N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 713 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F673N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.6S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 714 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F255W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 180S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 715 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F336W Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 716 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F953N Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 4.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 717 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: PC1-FIX Sp_Element: F1042M Wavelength: Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 3.0S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 718 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 7400 Optional_Parameters: atd-gain=15 Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.11S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Exposure_Number: 719 ! Section 6.5 Target_Name: MARS-CML285 Config: WFPC2 Opmode: IMAGE Aperture: LRF Sp_Element: LRF Wavelength: 8600 Optional_Parameters: Number_of_Iterations: 1 Time_Per_Exposure: 0.13S Special_Requirements: ! Section 7.2 Data_Distribution ! Defaults indicated; change if desired Medium: 8MM ! 8MM or 6250BPI or 1600BPI Blocking_Factor: 10 ! 10 or 1 ! Only astronomers with very old 9- ! track tape drives should consider ! a blocking factor of 1 Ship_To: PI_Address ! STSCI or PI_Address or ! PI Address from Phase I is: ! Department of Physics and Astro ! nomy,Toledo, OH 43606 ! ! Ship_Via: UPS ! UPS (2-day) or OVERNIGHT ! Overnight shipping done at PI expense Recipient_Email: ! Needed if Ship_To: is not PI_Address ! ! 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