Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 5683 Report Date: 18-Jul-95:17:51 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QSOS AUGMENTATION: CYCLE 4 CARRYOVER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID QUASARS & AGN AUG/FOS 4080 Sub Category AUG/FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone E. margaret Burbidge UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SA USA 619-534-4477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract This proposal contains observations which will help to complete a number of FOS IDT scientific programs. Evolution of the sizes of the Lyman alpha clouds will be studied with ultraviolet spectra of a well separated pair of QSO images. In two "gravitational lensing" multiple QSOs, we shall ascertain whether the UV spectra of the images are identical, while detecting absorption lines (especially Lyman alpha) which might exhibit differences and hence give information on sizes of absorbing clouds. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: GRAVITATIONAL LENSES, QUASARS, UV ABSORPTION LINES. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 7.32 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 2 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 5683 PI: E. margaret Burbidge Proposal Title: GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QSOS AUGMENTATION: CYCLE 4 CARRYOVER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Richard J. Harms APPLIED RESEARCH CORPORATION USA Richard G. Allen UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA USA J. Roger P. Angel UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA USA Frank Bartko UNAFFILIATED USA Edward Beaver UC, SAN DIEGO USA Ralph C. Bohlin SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE Pi E. Margaret Burbidge UC, SAN DIEGO USA Ross D. Cohen UC, SAN DIEGO USA Aurthur F. Davidsen JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY USA Holland C. Ford SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE George F. Hartig SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE Vesa T. Junkkarinen UC, SAN DIEGO USA Bruce H. Margon UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. For each of the two brightest components of PKS0957+561, the following observations will be made with the FOS and red detector: binary search target acquisition, peak-up into the 0.3" aperture, critical peakup into the 0.3" aperture, 6560s exposure with G270H in the 0.5" aperture, and then 240s with G160L in the 1" aperture. A wavelength lamp exposure will be made with the G270H exposures. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. The Lyman-alpha forest lines in the spectrum of the double QSO Q0957+561 for measuring the size of the H I clouds are below the atmospheric cutoff. Absorption lines such as C IV lambda1549 due to low and medium redshift galaxies and galaxy clusters near QSO sight lines will be in the UV. UV absorption lines are a better probe of gas for this sight lines than optical absorption lines, and the UV observations are required in order to understand the evolution of the sizes of these clouds. The collecting area of HST and the sensitivity of the FOS and GHRS make it possible to obtain spectra with the signal to noise needed to carry out these studies of QSOs at wavelengths below the atmospheric cutoff. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. Experience has shown that the FOS has siginficant wavelength errors due to the uncertainty in the setting of the filter/ grating wheel. In many cases this is not a problem, but for this program we require greater accuracy because we must accurately compare redshifts of lines detected in the two objects. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Absorption lines in the spectra of the two gravitational lens images will be measured using the standard software. Monte-Carlo simulations of the absorption line coincidences along these two closely spaced lines of sight will be used to estimate the size of the Ly-alpha forest H I clouds. The association of absorption lines with galaxies and clusters of galaxies along the QSO line of sight will be established by obtaining accurate redshifts for the absorption system and the intervening object. These observations will be reduced using the standard spectroscopy and polarimetry reduction software available for FOS data. Calibration will be done using the results of SV observations. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. Optical polarimetry and photometry will be performed using the facilities of Steward Observatory. Optical spectroscopy and photometry will be performed using the facilities of Lick Observatory. We will try to make the optical observations simultaneous with the HST UV observations if possible. This imposes no requirements on HST scheduling except as noted in question 5. Coordinates need to be determined from WF/PC team images for target acquisition. This will be done shortly. There are a number of related FOS IDT GTO proposals in cycles 0, 1, and 2. These observations were originally written as portions of observations begun in those proposals. Thus the observations included here contain both the baseline and augmented portions. Some observations were moved from augmented to baseline proposals to balance this. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. Collaborators have received data from a number of GTO programs, SAT, and ERO programs. Related programs which have had observations are as follows: 1026 - ``UV Spectra of Low-Redshift-QSOs'', 1027 - ``UV Spectra of QSOs with z> 3.1'', 1029 - ``Spectropolarimetry of QSOs, Blazars, and AGN'', and 1033 - ``Search for Misdirected BL Lac Objects''. Low resolution observations of three high redshift QSOs have not revealed any with light at He II lambda 304. Observations of UM 675 have shown that any He I Gunn--Peterson effect is small, that He I absorption lines are not strong, that predictions of the ``Lyman valley'' may be correct, and that low redshift Ly-alpha is more prevalent than expected. Observations of low redshift QSOs (including 3C 273) have shown even more clearly that Ly-alpha absorption occurs in greater numbers than expected, as well as showing emission-- line profile differences more clearly than from earlier data. Unexpectedly, Ly- alpha is narrower than H-alpha. ``HST Imaging of the Inner 3 Arcseconds of NGC 1068 in the Light of [O III] lambda5007'', I.N.Evans, H.C.Ford, A.L.Kinney, R.R.J.Antonucci, L.Armus, and S.Caganoff, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 369}, L27, 1991. ``Faint Object Camera Observations of a Globular Cluster Nova Field'', B.Margon, S.F.Anderson, R.A.Downes, R.C.Bohlin, and P.Jakobsen, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 369}, L71, 1991. ``Far--Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of the Quasar UM 675 with the Faint Object Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope'', E.A.Beaver, E.M.Burbidge, R.D.Cohen, V.T.Junkkarinen, R.W.Lyons, E.I.Rosenblatt, G.F.Hartig, B.Margon, and A.F.Davidsen, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 377}, L1, 1991. ``The Ultraviolet Absorption Spectrum of 3C 273'', J.N.Bahcall, B.T.Jannuzi, D.P.Schneider, G.F.Hartig, R.Bohlin, and V.Junkkarinen, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 377}, L5, 1991. ``Faint Object Spectrograph Spectroscopy of Resolved Structure in the Nucleus of NGC 1068'', S.Caganoff, R.R.J.Antonucci, H.C.Ford, G.A.Kriss, G.Hartig, L.Armus, I.N.Evans, E.Rosenblatt, R.C.Bohlin, and A.L.Kinney, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 377}, L9, 1991. ``Faint Object Spectrograph Observations of the Low-Luminosity Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1566'', G.A.Kriss, G.F.Hartig, L.Armus, W.P.Blair, S.Caganoff, and L.Dressel, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 377}, L13, 1991. Page 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). The majority of the resources required for this project other than the normal facilities of a university (librarys, offices, etc.) were supplied by NASA to the members of the FOS IDT for these projects. These include all the computing facilities required for the completion of data reduction and analysis. Optical and IR ground--based observing facilities and support are provided by the University of California and the University of Arizona. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: E. MARGARET BURBIDGE Category: PI Institution: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIE Address: CASS 0111, UCSD 9500 GILMAN DRIVE City: LA JOLLA State: CA Zip Code: 920930111 Country: USA Telephone: 619-534-4477 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 5683 [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 0957+561A E,314,323,321,923, RA = 10H 1M 20.74S +/- 2000 Z=1.414 1 V=16.7 +/- 1.0 H,515,519 0.13", 2 F(2600) = 0.75 +/- 0.2 E-15 DEC = 55D 53' 55.1" +/- 0.13", PLATE-ID = 01RP, Comments: EXACT COORDINATES HAVE BEEN MEASURED FROM WFC IMAGE. THE BRIGHTEST IMAGE OF THIS MULTIPLE QUASAR. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 0957+561B E,314,323,321,923, RA = 10H 1M 20.89S +/- 2000 Z=1.414 1 V=17.0 +/- 1.0 H,515,519 0.13", 2 F(2600) = 0.75 +/- 0.2 E-15 DEC = 55D 53' 49.2" +/- 0.13", PLATE-ID = 01RP, ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5683 [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 0957+561A FOS/RD ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR BRIGHT=720000 1 11.5S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BINARY FAINT=330 10.2 CYCLE 4/ 10.0-17.0 SEQ 10-12 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10.2 0957+561A FOS/RD ACQ/ 0.3 MIRROR SCAN-STEP- 1 1.58S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK X=0.18 10.5 SCAN-STEP- Y=0.18 SEARCH-SIZE-X=4 SEARCH-SIZE-Y=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10.5 0957+561A FOS/RD ACQ/ 0.3 MIRROR SCAN-STEP- 1 15.8S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK X=0.052 11.0-12.0 SCAN-STEP- Y=0.052 SEARCH-SIZE-X=5 SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 WAVE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G270H 2700 1 DEF 1 CALIB FOR 11.1 Comments: DO NOT MOVE THE FILTER/GRATING WHEEL BETWEEN 11.0 AND 11.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11.1 0957+561A FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G270H 2700 1 6560S 15 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 0957+561A FOS/RD ACCUM 1.0 G160L 1650 1 240S 15 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 0957+561B FOS/RD ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR BRIGHT=720000 1 12.5S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BINARY FAINT=330 13.2 SEQ 13.0-17.0 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13.2 0957+561B FOS/RD ACQ/ 0.3 MIRROR SCAN-STEP- 1 1.58S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK X=0.18 13.5 SCAN-STEP- Y=0.18 SEARCH-SIZE-X=4 SEARCH-SIZE-Y=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13.5 0957+561B FOS/RD ACQ/ 0.3 MIRROR SCAN-STEP- 1 15.8S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK X=0.052 16.0-17.0 SCAN-STEP- Y=0.052 SEARCH-SIZE-X=5 SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 WAVE FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G270H 2700 1 DEF 1 CALIB FOR 16.1 Comments: DO NOT MOVE THE FILTER/GRATING WHEEL BETWEEN 16.0 AND 16.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16.1 0957+561B FOS/RD ACCUM 0.5 G270H 2700 1 6560S 15 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5683 [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 0957+561B FOS/RD ACCUM 1.0 G160L 1650 1 240S 15 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 5683 [ 8] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOS/RD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/BINARY ACQ/PEAK ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BRIGHT FAINT SCAN-STEP-X=0.18 SCAN-STEP-Y=0.18 SEARCH-SIZE-X=4 SEARCH-SIZE-Y=4 SCAN-STEP-X=0.052 SCAN-STEP-Y=0.052 SEARCH-SIZE-X=5 SEARCH-SIZE-Y=5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for AUG/FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 7.32 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category QUASARS & AGN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category AUG/FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ONBOARD ACQ FOR 10.2; CYCLE 4/ 10.0-17.0; SEQ 10-12 NO GAP; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 10.5 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 11.0-12.0; CALIB FOR 11.1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 13.2; SEQ 13.0-17.0 NO GAP; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 13.5 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 16.0-17.0; CALIB FOR 16.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR G270H G160L ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names 0957+561A 0957+561B ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------