Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 5231c Report Date: 09-May-96:20:28 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: KP1635 ADDITION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID QUASARS & AGN GTO/HSP 3 Long Term yrs 1096 Sub Category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Robert C. Bless WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF USA 608-262-1715 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Photometric and polarimetric observations will be made of systems whose properties are ascribed to the effect of a gravitational lens. The similarity of the images in the previously unobserved UV region of the spectrum, both photometrically and polarimetrically, is necessary for these objects to be gravitational lens systems; any differences found will be carefully studied to determine what constraints they put on the system. Systems whose properties appear consistent with a point mass deflector (i.e., a black hole) will be monitored to determine whether photometric or polarimetric variablity exists in the images. The distance to the deflecting mass in this case can be related to the path length difference between the two image paths from the imaged quasar to the observer. The path length difference can be derived directly from the time difference between the same variation occurring in each image. The parallaxes of objects at E+3 Mpc distances are of obvious importance to a wide ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: GRAVITATIONAL LENSES; BLACK HOLES; HUBBLE CONSTANT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 8.38 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 7 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 5231c PI: Robert C. Bless Proposal Title: KP1635 ADDITION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ G. W. Van Citters NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION USA James L. Elliot MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF USA TECHNOLOGY Edward L. Robinson TEXAS, UNIVERSITY OF USA Richard L. White SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE Robert C. Bless WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF USA Joseph F. Dolan NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT USA CENTER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. The operational method of determing delta t would be to: -determine if the quasar image more distant from the deflecting mass varies photometrically or polarimetrically; -if so, detect some characteistic signature in the variation; (Timescales on the order of weeks are the optimum ones sought for the purpose of this program.) -monitor the other image until the variation with this characteristic signature is detected; then -observe the second image well enough to identify the variation as identical to the one previously observed in the first image. Cycle 1 (SV/GTO) observations: Exposures (line numbers) 45.9 - 61.1 and, Exposures (line numbers) 61.9 - 67.25 Cycle 2 (SV/GTO) observation: Exposures (line numbers) Note:STScI had to divide this program 71.9 - 82.2 into two programs, 1096 and 1391. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. Justification of necessity of ST observations: (1) Observations in the UV, accessible only to ST, will effectively double the frequency range over which the similarity of the images broad-band spectral and polarimetric properities can be examined. (2) The reliable identification of individual variations requires accurate photometry or polarimetry. The images are faint enough that the increased signal to noise avilable with ST/HSP over ground-based photmetry (polarimetry) may make the difference between identifying an individual variation and remaining uncertain to whether a variation seen in one image is really identical to that observed in the other. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Description of plans for data reduction and analysis Standard data reduction procedures will be applied to both the photometric and polarimetric data. Measurements of any photmetric quantity or normalized Stokes parameter will be compared to the same quantity measured at a different time, i.e., relative and not absolute measurements will be made. Analysis will concentrate on the detection of characteristic signatures in any variablity detected. The derivation of the parallax of the deflecting mass from an observed time delay is out lined in Sec. 2. above. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. The gravitational lens program is directly related to the third scientific objective of HSP listed in the CEI specifications: "Measurement of the time scales of fastest variablity of ... Quasi-Stellar Objects (QSO's) to determine their characteristic dimensions", and also the fifth scientific objective, "Determination of the wavelength and time dependence of polarization in ... QSO's active galactic nuclei, etc.". ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. Photometric and polarimetric observations will be made of gravitational lens systems whose properties suggest that a black hole may be the deflecting mass. If the lensed quasar is variable, a characteristic signature in the variation will be sought and the delayed image monitored to determine the path length difference between images by a "time-of-flight" measurement. The parallax of the deflecting mass may then be determined. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: ROBERT C. BLESS Category: PI Institution: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN Address: SPACE ASTRONOMY LAB. 1150 UNIVERSITY AVE. City: MADISON State: WI Zip Code: 53706 Country: USA Telephone: 608-262-1715 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: JOSEPH F. DOLAN Category: CON Institution: NASA GODDARD SFC Address: CODE 681 City: GREENBELT State: MD Zip Code: 20771 Country: USA Telephone: 301-286-5920 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 5231c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 KP1635+267A GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED RA = 16H 34M 59.1S +/- 0.1S, 1950 1 V=18.5 QUASAR DEC = +26D 42' 04" +/- 1" Comments: POSREF = AP.J.,V221,PP473,1978 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 KP1635+267B ^ RA-OFF= -0.047S +/- 0.01S, ^ 1 V=20.0 DEC-OFF= +3.72" +/- 0.1", FROM 10 Comments: POSREF = DOLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5231c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.5 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ 1 1M # 1 # ACQP POL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 DEFINE # HSP/ STAR- POL0 # # 1 200S 100 1 # SEQ 5-7 NON-INT POL POL SKY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 ^ # ^ ^ POL90 # # ^ 200S 100 1 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 ^ # ^ ^ POL45 # # ^ 200S 100 1 # SEQ 9-11 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 DEFINE # HSP/ STAR- POL135 # # 1 200S 100 1 # POL POL SKY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45.9 USE KP1635+267A X3 10 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 0.9S 49.000-49.109 CYCLE 3 / 45.900- 49.109 PCS MODE FINE / 45.900-49.109 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49 USE POL KP1635+267A F277M SPOILER- 2 SEQ 45.9-49.109 NO ANGLE=340.5 GAP SPOILER- SPREAD=10 SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.001 USE POL KP1635+267A F277M SPOILER- 2 ANGLE=340.5 SPOILER- SPREAD=10 SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.002 USE POL KP1635+267A F277M SPOILER- 2 ANGLE=340.5 SPOILER- SPREAD=10 SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.003 USE POL KP1635+267A F277M SPOILER- 2 ANGLE=340.5 SPOILER- SPREAD=10 SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.004 USE POL KP1635+267A F277M SPOILER- 2 ANGLE=340.5 SPOILER- SPREAD=10 SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5231c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49.1 USE POL KP1635+267B F277M SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 5231c [ 7] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations HSP/POL ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ STAR-SKY ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters SPOILER-ANGLE=340.5 SPOILER-SPREAD=10 SKY-SAMPLE=0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GTO/HSP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 8.38 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category QUASARS & AGN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements SEQ 5-7 NON-INT; SEQ 9-11 NON-INT; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 49.000-49.109; CYCLE 3 / 45.900-49.109; PCS MODE FINE / 45.900-49.109; SEQ 45.9-49.109 NO GAP; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements # F277M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names KP1635+267A KP1635+267B ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------