Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 4886c Report Date: 09-May-96:16:56 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: CO ON MARS - CYCLE 3 - HIGH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID SOLAR SYSTEM GTO/OS Sub Category TERRESTRIAL PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Dr. John J Caldwell INSTITUTE FOR SPACE AND TERR CANADA (416) 665-5444 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract MARS WILL BE OBSERVED WITH THE HRS TO OBSERVE THE CAMERON BAND OF CO AT 2060 A. ACCURATE MODELS FOR, AND LABORATORY OBSERVATIONS OF, THE ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF THIS BAND, WHEN APPLIED TO VIKING MODELS OF THE ATMOSPHERE OF MARS, INDICATE THAT THE HST GHRS WILL BE ABLE TO OBTAIN AN EXCELLENT CO SPECTRUM IN 20 MINUTES. THE HRS OBSERVATIONS WILL YIELD THE FIRST REMOTE TEMPERATURE EVER MEASURED BY ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: MARS, CARBON MONOXIDE, AERONOMY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 0.64 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 1 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: HRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 4886c PI: Dr. John J Caldwell Proposal Title: CO ON MARS - CYCLE 3 - HIGH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dr. John J Caldwell INSTITUTE FOR SPACE AND CANADA TERRESTRIAL SCIENCE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. S/N OF 20 PER DIODE IN 20 MIN EXPOSURE TIME IS ESTIMATED FROM GHRS OBSERVATIONS OF 16 CYG B, A SOLAR ANALOG STAR AND FROM THE VISUAL MAGNITUDES OF MARS AND 16 CYG B, THE FRACTION OF THE PLANETARY DISK WITHIN THE GHRS LARGE APERTURE, AND THE DIFFERENCE IN MARS' ALBEDO FROM V TO 2060 A. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. THE OBSERVATIONS SHOULD LITERALLY BE MADE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE, BECAUSE MARS IS LEAVING OPPOSITION AND PROGRESSIVELY BECOMING LESS FAVORABLY SITUATED. THIS IS NOT A CRITICAL CONDITION, BUT IT IS A SIGNIFICANT ONE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. THE SPECTRA WILL BE BINNED IF NECESSARY AND RATIOED TO PUBLISHED SOLAR UV SPECTRA AND 16 CYG B SPECTRA FROM HST TO GIVE ALBEDOS SUITABLE FOR MODELLING ABUNDANCE AND TEMPERATURE. BOTH TECHNIQUES WILL BE INVESTIGATED BECAUSE NEITHER ARE PERFECT: 16 CYG B IS NOT THE SUN, AND THE SUN HAS NOT BEEN OBSERVED WITH THE HST. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. ONE SETTING OF G200M WILL COVER THE ENTIRE CO CAMERON BAND AT 2060A. THE OBSERVED ALBEDO, INCLUDING CO BAND ABSORPTION, WILL BE COMPARED BY COMPARISON TO ACCURATE MOLECULAR BAND MODELS DEVELOPED BY THE PI AND COLLABORATORS. THE MOLECULAR MODELS HAVE ALSO BEEN COMPARED TO LABORATORY OBSERVATIONS MADE BY THE PI AND DIFFERENT COLLABORATORS SPECIFICALLY TO TEST THE MOLECULAR BAND MODELS. THE LAB OBSERVATIONS IN TURN WERE MADE AT LOW TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES, SPECIFICALLY TO GIVE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AS NEAR AS POSSIBLE TO PLANETARY ONES. ONES. THE MOLECULAR MODELS ARE IN EXCELLENT AGREEMENT WITH THE LAB OBSERVATIONS, SO THE NECESSARY EXTRAPOLATION TO VERY SIMILAR VALUES OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON MARS WILL HAVE MINIMAL UNCERTAINTY. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: JOHN J CALDWELL Category: PI Institution: INSTITUTE FOR SPACE AND TERRESTRI Address: SPACE ASTROPHYSICS LABORATORY 4850 KEELE STREET, SECOND FLOOR City: NORTH YORK State: ON Zip Code: M3J 3K1 Country: CANADA Telephone: (416) 665-5444 Telex (or e-mail): (416) 665-5497 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 4886c [ 3] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: MARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET MARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = MARS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | | | POINT AND SHOOT AT THE CENTER OF | | MARS. S/N DETERMINED FROM HST | | OBSERVATION OF G STAR AND FROM OAO-2 | | OBSERVATION OF MARS' ALBEDO. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4886c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 MARS HRS ACCUM 2.0 G200M 2060 STEP-PATT=1 1 20M 20 1 BEFORE 15-MAY-93 20M CYCLE 3 Comments: MARS IS LEAVING OPP'N, SO EARLY OBS. IS PREFERABLE. REQ-1 MAY BE RELAXED AFTER CONSULTATION WITH PI AT (416) 665-5444. EXP. TIME MAY BE TRIMMED TO FIT VIS. PER. S/N DETERMINED FROM EARLIER STELLAR AND PLANET. OBSERV. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 4886c [ 5] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations HRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters STEP-PATT=1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GTO/OS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 0.64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category SOLAR SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category TERRESTRIAL PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BEFORE 15-MAY-93; CYCLE 3; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G200M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names MARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------