Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 4799c Report Date: 09-May-96:19:57 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: QUASAR ABSORPTION LINE SURVEY--REPEAT FOR HOPR#0083 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID QUASARS & AGN RPT/GO 3 Long Term yrs 2424 Sub Category QUASAR ABSORPTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone John N. Bahcall INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY USA 609-734-8058 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract The Quasar Absorption Line Survey of bright sources is an efficient observing program designed to provide a homogeneous data base of absorption features. The data will reveal absorption regions in galaxies, in clusters of galaxies, in voids, in large-scale structures, in Lyman ALPHA clouds, and will provide information about damped Lyman ALPHA and Lyman-limit systems. The survey will determine, with high SNR, the profiles of > 200 emission lines. Using the estimated numbers of observed absorption lines, including archi val data, the program was designed to determine the cosmic evolution of absorption systems. High resolution spectra of a sample of quasars will be obtained with the FOS; the spectra will have a rest frame equivalent width detection limit for unresolved absorption lines of 0.3 A. The survey data base will address fundamental questions, for example: What is the strength and origin of the UV background radiation\? How do gaseous galactic disks and halos evolve with redshift\? What processes govern the ionization of absorbing gas\? How has gaseous structure in the universe evolved on scales of 1 Mpc to 100 Mpc\? Do absorbing systems show evidence of the large-scale structure seen in the distribution of galaxies and clusters\? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: SPECTROSCOPY QUASARS, ABSORPTION/EMISSION LINES, GALAXIES, HALOS/CLUSTERS/VOIDS, INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 104.0 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 1 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 4799c PI: John N. Bahcall Proposal Title: QUASAR ABSORPTION LINE SURVEY--REPEAT FOR HOPR#0083 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pi John N. Bahcall INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY, USA PRINCETON W. Sargent CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF USA TECHNOLOGY Ray J. Weymann OBSERVATORY OF THE CARNEGIE USA INSTITUTION IN WASHINGTON Jacqueline Bergeron INSTITUTE FOR ASTROPHYSICS, FRANCE X PARIS A. Boksenberg ROYAL GREENWICH OBSERVATORY UK X George Hartig SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE Buell T. Jannuzi INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY, USA PRINCETON Blair Savage WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF USA Donald P. Schneider INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY, USA PRINCETON David A. Turnshek UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH USA A. M. Wolfe ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCES, USA UCSD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. Observations for the Quasar Absorption Line Survey will be distributed equally over three cycles (1-3). The quasars will in general be observed at high resolution ($1300$) through the 0.25 by 2.0 arcsecond slit. For these observations the desired signal to noise ratio is 30 (per diode). The FOS red side with the G190H and G270H gratings will be used to cover the wavelength range 1600 to 3300 angstroms. The FOS blue side and G130H grating will be used to cover the range from 1100 to 1600 angstroms. The FOS blue side and the G160L grating will also be used in cycle 1 to observe some targets as part of a survey for damped lyman alpha systems. NOTE: THIS RPSS FILE IS A REPEAT OBSERVATION FOR HOPR#0083, an observation of PKS0232-04 which was to be subsitituted for PKS0215+01. It consisits of a FOS blue side, G160L observation. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. HST observations are required to observe the strong resonant absorption lines and the various emission lines of the most abundant elements, which are in the ultraviolet (inaccessible to terrestrial observations) for the small and moderate redshifts investigated in this project. Ground-based observations partially determine the character of the absorbing systems and emission line regions at larger redshifts, but spectra must be obtained in the ultraviolet to establish the cosmological evolution of the known types of absorbing systems and emission line regions, to permit optical identifications, to search for gas in known voids and clusters of galaxies, to test for large scale structure in absorbing systems, and to make possible follow-up high resolution studies of the physical conditions and of the chemical (and isotopic) abundances. IUE observations do not have sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratios for our sample of objects to permit answering the scientific questions listed in the section on scientific justification. Quasar absorption and emission lines have been studied extensively from the ground (see the review articles listed in the scientific justification), but of course only in the accessible optical region. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. See original paper submission ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. We would like all observations of a given object to be obtained within a ten day interval. Since quasars are known to vary in brightness, the data for all wavelengths must be taken nearly simultaneously in order to determine the spectral energy distribution. Our observations of a given object are currently linked with NO GAP inorder to be more efficient in the use of spacecraft time (only one acquisition needed). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. The answer to this question is too long for the RPSS format; please see the paper submission for phase 1. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. See paper submission for phase 1. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. See paper submission for phase 1. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). See paper submission for phase 1. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: JOHN N. BAHCALL Category: PI Institution: INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY, PRI Address: OLDEN LANE, BUILDING E City: PRINCETON, N.J. State: NJ Zip Code: 0540 Country: U.S.A. Telephone: 609-734-8058 Telex (or e-mail): 229 734 IAS UR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 4799c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PKS0232-04 E,314 RA = 02H 35M 07.26S +/- 0.1S 2000 Z=1.434 1 V = 16.40 +/- 0.1 , DEC = -04D 02' 05.8" +/- 1.0", PLATE-ID=027W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4799c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PKS0232-04 FOS/BL ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR 1 27.0S 1 CYCLE 2 BINARY ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PKS0232-04 FOS/BL RAPID 1.0 G160L READ-TIME=40 1 32.0M 1 1 CYCLE 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 4799c [ 6] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOS/BL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/BINARY RAPID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters READ-TIME=40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for RPT/GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 104.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category QUASARS & AGN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category QUASAR ABSORPTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements CYCLE 2; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.00 ; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR G160L ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PKS0232-04 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------