Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 4642c Report Date: 09-May-96:19:45 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: INTEGRATED DYNAMICAL AND SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF JUPITER AND SAT URN-CYC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID SOLAR SYSTEM GO Sub Category GIANT PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Reta F. Beebe NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract The design of our Cycle 3 program for Jupiter and Saturn is driven by the spectroscopic results from Cycle 1 observations of Jupiter, and from wind field analysis of the Saturn Target-of-Opportunity and Jupiter Cycle 0 WF/PC data. Early analysis of the Cycle 1 FOS spectra has revealed variation that is dependent on latitude as well as the viewing aspect of the region within the aperture. Because of the greater sensitivity of the FOS these results were obtained with smaller apertures than had been possible with previously available instruments. Several of the FOS results were unexpected and will provide constraints for studying dynamical phenomena in the atmospheres of these planets. We are requesting specific observations with the FOS and coordinated multicolor observations with the WF/PC to relate the variation in the aerosol properties of the atmospheres to the morphological features and possible changes in zonal wind speed. The data will help to constrain the meridional circulation and local dynamics. The proposed sequences will add significantly to the content of the data base that will be acquired in proposal 2560. No facility other than HST has the spatial resolution and sensitivity in the FUV to obtain the spectra requested in this study. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 10.55 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 2 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: FOS WF/PC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. Special sched req: Time Critical obs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 4642c PI: Reta F. Beebe Proposal Title: INTEGRATED DYNAMICAL AND SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF JUPITER AND SAT URN-CYC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pi Reta F. Beebe NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY USA Sushil Atreya UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN USA John Caldwell YORK UNIVERSITY CANADA Christopher Barnet NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER USA Sanjay Limaye UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN USA Keith Noll STSCI USA Laurence Trafton UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS USA Robert West JPL USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. FOS observations at 4, 6, 8 and 10 degrees N latitude using the G190H grating wi ll provide information concerning the latitudinal distribution of ammonia gas. A set of multicolor images, spanning one rotation of the planet, will be followed 20 hours later by two 5-color sets covering longitudes excluding the Red Spot i n order to derive the undisturbed zonal wind profile. Cycle 3 Jupiter Primary Hours:5.1 Exposures:150 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. Only HST can obtain these FUV observations with the required spatial(0.5-1") and spectral resolution. IUE does not have the spatial resolution or sensitivity to obtain usable spectra below 2500A of Saturn or Jupiter. The FUV is needed to re veal the upper atmospheric aerosol and minor gas absorptions. Rayleigh scatterin g in the FUV permits the atmosphere to be probed to different depths at differen t wavelengths; this capability is needed for dynamical studies. Our Cycle 1 and 2 data will not realize the spatial resolution requested here. The PC F230W filter is not good and in any event, its single bandpass integrates over all sensible atmospheric depths. Analysis of Cycle 0 data has established that the PC images can be successfully deconvolved, revealing the small scale convective structures that are needed to detect the wind speeds associated with the maximum and minimum jets. The above exposure times are based on actual empirical results obtained from our Cycle 1 Jupiter data for the same gratings and apertures of the FOS. The S/N ra tios, varying strongly across each grating's wavelength region, are adequate to characterize the phenomena discovered in Cycle 1. The overhead for the FOS obser vations and WF/PC images and the onboard acquisitions are the main contributions to the S/C time beyond the exposure time. The PC exposures are based on Cycle 2 results for Jupiter. They are grouped in sets of 5 to optimize color information while maximizing spacecraft efficiency. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. Standard HST in-house calibrations will be adequate. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. R. Beebe and Graduate Student L. Huber at New Mexico State University will be in charge of distributing the data and serving as a central coordination site for all investigators. They will also have responsibility for monitoring the calibr ation and coordinating and evaluating the processing of the PC images. L. Trafto n will be in charge of the preliminary reduction, calibration and evaluation of the FOS data. Atreya, Caldwell, Noll and Trafton will carry the lead role in reducing the spec troscopic data. Each will bring his own expertise and knowledge to the problem. Barnet, with full access to the Voyager IRIS spectra, will contribute to the an alysis and C. Barnet, R. Beebe and S. Limaye will be involved in deconvolution o f the PC images and subsequent analysis of the horizontal wind data. R. West will lead the studies for modeling of aerosol scattering and will intera ct with others during our efforts to define the limit to which we can specify ph otometric properties. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. We are submitting a Cycle 3 archival proposal that proposes to process and analy ze Cycle 0 and Cycle 1 PC imaging data of Jupiter to extend the dynamical timeli ne using the data from our Cycle 1 and 2 imaging results. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. Beebe and Caldwell, with J. Westphal, W. Baum, G. Danielson and A. Ingersoll--DD proposal #3090 and #3109 "The 1990 Saturn equatorial storm" Related to this wor k. See below for results. Atreya, Beebe, Limaye, Trafton and West--Cycle 1 #2560 and Cycle 2 #3887 "Integr ated Dynamical and Spectroscopic Observations of Jupiter and Saturn" related to this work and described in question 2. Trafton-- Cycle 2 no number yet- "Pluto's FUV Spectrum: CO Abundance and FUV Surv ey" not related to this work. West--Cycle 1 #2564 with M. Tomasko. "Aerosols in Planetary Atmospheres". Relate d to this work and deals with WF/PC imaging and modelling of the scattering prop erties. Caldwell--GTO with the Observatory Scientist team. In addition to his original forty hours of GTO, he was awarded another 25 hours of AUG time in 1991. Results from 3090 and 3109 have been processed and analyzed. See question 9c for publications. Data from 2560 was received in May 1992 and preliminary analysis is underway and is discussed in this proposal. L. Trafton presented preliminary results of 2560 and R. Beebe reviewed results f rom 3109 and 3090 as invited papers at the ESA/HST Workshop in Sardinia, Italy, June 29-July 7, 1992. Caldwell's GTO program is devoted to auroral study. Successful observations were made at the time of the Ulysses Jupiter encounter.A publication is in press wit h SCIENCE. Hubble Space Telescope observations of the 1990 equatorial disturbance on Saturn : zonal winds and central meridian albedos. Barnet, C.D., J.A. Westphal, R.F. Be ebe and L.F. Huber. Icarus (accepted 8/1992). The onset and growth of the 1990 equatorial disturbance on Saturn. Beebe, R.F., C.D. Barnet, P.V. Sada and A.S. Murrell. Icarus v.96 p.163-172 1992. Hubble Space Telescope observations of the 1990 equatorial disturbance on Saturn : images, albedos, and limb darkening. Westphal, J.A., W.A. Baum, A.P. Ingersoll , C.D. Barnet, E.M. De Jong, G. Edward Danielson and J. Caldwell. Icarus (submit ted 7/1992). Titan: Evidence for Seasonal Change - A Comparison of Hubble Space Telescope an d Voyager Images, J. Caldwell et al., Icarus 96, 1-9, 1992. Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of the North Polar Aurora On Jupiter, J. Caldwell , B. Turgeon, H.-M. Hua, Science, in press, 1992. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). The PI and Co-I's are experienced in data reductions of this type. Each individu al has his/her own workstation at the home sites. A collaborative workshop will be held at NMSU about 6 months after the receipt o f these data. NMSU will provide the facilities and host this meeting. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Page 4 Name: RETA F. BEEBE Category: PI Institution: New Mexico State University Address: BOX 30001, DEPARTMENT 4500 City: LAS CRUCES State: NM Zip Code: 88003 Country: USA Telephone: 505-646-1938 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 4642c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: BL-JUP-4DEGN-CM-FOS-CYC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER, ACQ = 0.1 | TYPE = TORUS, RAD = 71380.9, | LAT = +3.50, LONG = 0 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |V=-2.5 | OBSERVE JUPITER AT 4 DEG NLAT ON 2 |SURF(1900)=2.1+/-1.0E-14 | CENTRAL MERIDIAN | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 2 | TARGET NAME: BL-JUP-6DEGN-CM-FOS-CYC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER, ACQ = 0.1 | TYPE = TORUS, RAD = 71357.1, | LAT = +5.25, LONG = 0 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |V=-2.5 | OBSERVE JUPITER AT 6 DEG NLAT ON 2 |SURF(1900)=2.1+/-1.0E-14 | CENTRAL MERIDIAN | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 4642c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 3 | TARGET NAME: BL-JUP-8DEGN-CM-FOS-CYC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER, ACQ = 0.1 | TYPE = TORUS, RAD = 71324.1, | LAT = +7.00, LONG = 0 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |V=-2.5 | OBSERVE JUPITER AT 8 DEG NLAT ON 2 |SURF(1900)=2.1+/-1.0E-14 | CENTRAL MERIDIAN | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 4 | TARGET NAME: BL-JUP-10DEGN-CM-FOS-CYC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER, ACQ = 0.1 | TYPE = TORUS, RAD = 71281.3, | LAT = +8.77, LONG = 0 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |V=-2.5 | OBSERVE JUPITER AT 10 DEG NLAT ON 2 |SURF(1900)=2.1+/-1.0E-14 | CENTRAL MERIDIAN | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 4642c [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 5 | TARGET NAME: JUPITER-PC-CYC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |V=-2.5 | IMAGE JUPITER IN MULTIPLE FILTERS 2 |SURF(8890)=1.6+/-0.3E-12 | FOR 6 CONTIGUOUS ORBITS TO OBTAIN 3 |SURF(7180)=1.5+/-0.3E-11 | ONE COMPLETE MULTICOLOR MAP OF THE 4 |SURF(4130)=3.5+/-0.6E-11 | PLANET FOLLOWED LATER BY 2 5 |SURF(3360)=9.6+/-2.0E-12 | CONTIGUOUS ORBITS AWAY FROM RED SPOT 6 |SURF(5470)=4.0+/-0.5E-11 | FOR DYNAMICS OMIT FILTERS AT THE END 7 |SURF(6310)=4.5+/-0.9E-11 | OF A SEQUENCE DURING A GIVEN ORBIT | | WHEN GUIDE STAR ACQUISITION IS | | NECESSARY FLUX VALUES ARE FOR PLANET | | CENTER | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4642c [ 8] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F336W 1 14.0S 5 1 SEQ 1-5 NON-INT PCJUP- GUID TOL 0.025" C3-1 CYCLE 3 / 1-51 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F547M 1 0.33S 6 1 GUID TOL 0.025" PCJUP- C3-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F889N 1 60S 2 1 GUID TOL 0.025" PCJUP- C3-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F631N 1 8.0S 7 1 GUID TOL 0.025" PCJUP- C3-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F718M 1 0.46S 3 1 GUID TOL 0.025" PCJUP- C3-1 Comments: THIS GENERATES A COMPLETE MAP OF THE PLANET WHEN IT IS REPEATED 5 MORE TIMES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F336W 1 14.0S 5 1 SEQ 11-15 NON-INT PCJUP- GUID TOL 0.025" C3-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F547M 1 0.33S 6 1 GUID TOL 0.025" PCJUP- C3-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F889N 1 60S 2 1 GUID TOL 0.025" PCJUP- C3-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F631N 1 8.0S 7 1 GUID TOL 0.025" PCJUP- C3-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 DEFINE # PC IMAGE ALL F718M 1 0.46S 3 1 GUID TOL 0.025" PCJUP- C3-2 Comments: COMBINED WITH 1-5 THIS ALLOWS COLOR RATIOS AND MAPPING OF THE HORIZONTAL WINDS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 1.0 G190H 1 25M 2 1 FOSBG19 0H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4642c [ 9] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 USE BL-JUP- SEQ 21-24 NO GAP FOSBG19 4DEGN-CM- 0H FOS-CYC3 Comments: PLACE APERTURE ON CENTRAL MERIDIAN AT 4 DEG N LATITUDE USE SAME GUIDE STAR FOR 21-24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 USE BL-JUP- FOSBG19 6DEGN-CM- 0H FOS-CYC3 Comments: PLACE APERTURE ON CENTRAL MERIDIAN AT 6 DEG N LATITUDE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 USE BL-JUP- FOSBG19 8DEGN-CM- 0H FOS-CYC3 Comments: PLACE APERTURE NEAR CENTRAL MERIDIAN AT 8 DEG N LATITUDE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24 USE BL-JUP- FOSBG19 10DEGN-CM- 0H FOS-CYC3 Comments: PLACE APERTURE ON CENTRAL MERIDIAN AT 10 DEG N LATITUDE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 USE JUPITER-PC- SEQ 40-45 NO GAP PCJUP- CYC3 C3-1 Comments: 40-45 GENERATES A COMPLETE MAP OF THE PLANET. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 41 USE JUPITER-PC- PCJUP- CYC3 C3-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 USE JUPITER-PC- PCJUP- CYC3 C3-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 43 USE JUPITER-PC- PCJUP- CYC3 C3-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 44 USE JUPITER-PC- PCJUP- CYC3 C3-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45 USE JUPITER-PC- PCJUP- CYC3 C3-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4642c [ 10] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 USE JUPITER-PC- SEQ 50-51 NO GAP PCJUP- CYC3 AFTER 40 BY 19.3H C3-2 +/-0.5H Comments: AVOID RED SPOT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 51 USE JUPITER-PC- PCJUP- CYC3 C3-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 4642c [ 11] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations PC FOS/BL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 10.55 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category SOLAR SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category GIANT PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements SEQ 1-5 NON-INT; GUID TOL 0.025"; CYCLE 3 / 1-51 GUID TOL 0.025" SEQ 11-15 NON-INT; SEQ 21-24 NO GAP; SEQ 40-45 NO GAP; SEQ 50-51 NO GAP; AFTER 40 BY 19.3H +/-0.5H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F336W F547M F889N F631N F718M G190H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names BL-JUP-4DEGN-CM-FOS-CYC3 BL-JUP-6DEGN-CM-FOS-CYC3 BL-JUP-8DEGN-CM-FOS-CYC3 BL-JUP-10DEGN-CM-FOS-CYC3 JUPITER-PC-CYC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------