Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 4203c Report Date: 09-May-96:19:25 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: SPATIALLY RESOLVED SPECTROSCOPY OF JUPITER -- CYCLE 2/APRIL/MAY 1993 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID SOLAR SYSTEM AUG/OS 3833 Sub Category GIANT PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone John J. Caldwell YORK UNIVERSITY CANADA (416)665-5449 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Obtain spectrophotometry of the Great Red Spot and north pole of Jupiter from 1700 to 2300A, to investigate the chemical composition of the upper atmosphere at these regions which have distinctive characteristics. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 5.72 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 2 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 4203c PI: John J. Caldwell Proposal Title: SPATIALLY RESOLVED SPECTROSCOPY OF JUPITER -- CYCLE 2/APRIL/MAY 1993 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ John J. Caldwell YORK UNIVERSITY CANADA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. These observations by the FOS depend on the ability of the HST to acquire a specific feature of the planet within a small aperture, and to track it. Real- time ACQs of Io by the FOS in dispersed light will be used to define position of the Jupiter system with respect to the guide stars. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. The ST is required both for access to the ultraviolet below 3000 A, where many molecules of planetary interest have strong absorption bands, and for its spatial resolution capability. Of further importance is the ability of the ST to obtain data at better spectral resolution and higher signal to noise than has previously been possible in the UV. It should be noted that very high spectral resolution is not required by the physics of this problem, however. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. Real-time observing will be necessary in the ACQ phase of the observations. Special scheduling is required for both the Great Red Spot and north pole, since longitudinal variations are critical and the targets must be observed near the central meridian. For a nominal execution date of April 28, 1993 (K. Noll, personal communication), Jupiter will be moving rapidly westward just after opposition. Select a western elongation of Io for target ACQ, to maximize the probability of requiring only one GS ACQ. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Spectra will effectively cover the range from about 1700 to 2300A, the upper limit being determined by the FOS G190H and the lower by decreasing target flux. The spectra will be divided by a published solar ultraviolet spectrum to obtain an albedo curve. This curve will be compared to model atmospheres with various trace gas compositions, to determine the best fit. Numerous hydrocarbon candidates arise from infrared studies and theoretical work. An important part of the analysis will be to include the effects of vertical inhomogeneity. This is necessary because the UV continuum opacity, Rayleigh scattering, is a very strong function of wavelength. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. The longitude of the GRS is a slow function of time in System III coordinates. The drift rate is +0.279 deg/day in that system. On April 28, 1993, the GRS longitude will be 356 deg (Sys III). The GRS ephemeris was updated in early January, 1993, using data from mid December, 1992, by R. Beebe and L. Huber at NMSU. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). We are upgrading our SUN 4/280 to a 4/690, dedicated to HST data analysis. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. Observations of Jupiter will be made at moderate spatial resolution (1 arc sec) and spectral resolution (several A), at two distinctive places, the north pole and the Great Red Spot, plus comparison regions. The spectral range is from 1700 to 2300A. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: JOHN J. CALDWELL Category: PI Institution: YORK UNIVERSITY Address: PHYSICS DEPARTMENT 4700 KEELE ST City: NORTH YORK State: ON Zip Code: M3J 1P3 Country: CANADA Telephone: Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 4203c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | WND1 = 25-APR-93 TO 08-MAY-93 | CML OF JUPITER FROM EARTH BETWEEN 330 | 20 WITHIN WND1 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |F(2200)=1.3E-12 | WINDOW CONSTRAINTS IN TARGNUMS 1 AND 2 |F(1800)=4.8E-14 | 2 FORCE GREAT RED SPOT TO BE 3 |F(1700)=1.3E-14 | OBSERVED NEAR CENTRAL MERIDIAN LONG | | IN WINDOW IS SYSTEM III. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 2 | TARGET NAME: JUPITER-GRS1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER | TYPE = CARTO, LONG = 317.0, | LAT = -20, R_LONG = 0.279, | R_LAT = 0.0, EPOCH = 16-DEC-92:09:41:17 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | WND1 = 25-APR-93 TO 08-MAY-93 | CML OF JUPITER FROM EARTH BETWEEN 330 | 20 WITHIN WND1 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |F(2200)=1.3E-12 | LONGITUDES IN LEVEL 2 AND CML IN 2 |F(1800)=4.8E-14 | WINDOW ARE IN SYSTEM III. WINDOW 3 |F(1700)=1.3E-14 | DEFINES ALLOWABLE LONGITUDE RANGE OF | | TARGET NEAR CM. LATITUDE AND | | LONGITUDE ARE NOT TO BE ALTERED | | LATITUDE IS ***PLANETOCENTRIC**** | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 4203c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 3 | TARGET NAME: JUPITER-GRS2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER | TYPE = CARTO, LONG = 77.0, | LAT = -20, R_LONG = 0.279, | R_LAT = 0.0, EPOCH = 16-DEC-92:09:41:17 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |F(2200)=1.3E-12 | LONGITUDE IN LEVEL 2 IS SYSTEM III. 2 |F(1800)=4.8E-14 | LATITUDE IS **PLANETOCENTRIC******* 3 |F(1700)=1.3E-14 | LONGITUDE MAY BE ADJUSTED TO HELP | | SCHEDULING. LATITUDE IS FIXED. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 4 | TARGET NAME: JUPITER-NP060 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER | TYPE=CARTO, LONG = 060, LAT = +60 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |F(2200)=1.3E-12 | LONGITUDE IN LEVEL 2 IS SYSTEM III. 2 |F(1800)=4.8E-14 | LATITUDE IS **PLANETOCENTRIC******* 3 |F(1700)=1.3E-14 | LONGITUDE MAY BE ADJUSTED TO HELP | | SCHEDULING. LATITUDE IS FIXED. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 4203c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 5 | TARGET NAME: JUPITER-NP180 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER | TYPE=CARTO, LONG = 180, LAT = +60 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | CML OF JUPITER FROM EARTH BETWEEN 160 | 200 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |F(2200)=1.3E-12 | LONGITUDE IN LEVEL 2 AND CML IN 2 |F(1800)=4.8E-14 | WINDOW IS IN SYSTEM III. WINDOW 3 |F(1700)=1.3E-14 | DEFINES ALLOWABLE LONGITUDE RANGE OF | | TARGET NEAR CM. LATITUDE AND | | LONGITUDE ARE NOT TO BE ALTERED | | LATITUDE IS ***PLANETOCENTRIC**** | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 6 | TARGET NAME: IO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE IO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = JUPITER | STD = IO | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | OLG OF IO BETWEEN 181 359 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |V=5.0, TYPE=G8V | PLEASE CHECK CONVENTION. WINDOW 2 |F(2200)=2E-14 | SHOULD CONSTRAIN OBSERVATION TO 3 |F(2116)=1E-14 | WESTERN ELONGATION FOR RT ACQ. THIS | | SHOULD MAXIMIZE TIME ON GS FOR | | JUPITER OBSERVATIONS. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4203c [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 JUPITER- WFC IMAGE ANY F336W 1 0.8S 20 1 1 GROUP 6.00 - 6.60 GRS1 WITHIN 24H CYCLE 2 / 6.00 - 8.4 Comments: PLACE GRS WITHIN +/- 20 DEG OF CML. GRS SYSTEM III LONGITUDE APPROX 355 DEG ON APR 28, 1993. EXECUTE +/- 10H OR +/- 20H FROM JUPITER-GRS1 SPECTRA, THAT IS + /- 1 OR 2 JUPITER ROTATIONS. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.1 JUPITER- PC IMAGE ALL F336W 1 6S 20 1 1 GRS1 Comments: SAME COMMENTS AS FOR 6.000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.12 JUPITER- PC IMAGE ALL F413M 1 1S 20 1 1 SEQ 6.0 - 6.12 NON GRS1 -INT Comments: SAME COMMENTS AS FOR 6.000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.2 IO FOS/BL IMAGE 4.3 G270H SUB-STEP=4 1 300S 20 1 1 SEQ 6.2-8.4 NO GAP Y-SIZE=5 RT ANALYSIS FOR Y-SPACE=128 6.3-8.4 COMB=YES Comments: IO SPECTRA FOR TARGET ACQ. RT UPLINK NEEDED TO SET CORRECT Y- DEFLECTION DETERMINED FROM IMAGE SPECTRUM. IO ACQ AND SUBSEQUENT JUP SPECTRA DONE IN 5 CONSECUTIVE VISIB'TY PERIODS ON SAME GSS. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.3 IO FOS/BL IMAGE 4.3 G270H STEP-TIME=1.0 1 4.0S 20 1 1 SUB-STEP=1 Y-SIZE=4 Y-SPACE=64 COMB=NO Comments: IMAGE OF APERTURE AFTER UPLINK TO DETERMINE TRUE LOCATION OF IO IN APERTURE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.5 JUPITER- FOS/BL ACCUM 1.0- G190H 1900 1 14M 20 1 1 AFTER 6.120 BY 10H GRS1 PAIR-A +/- 0.5H Comments: THIS IS SPECTRUM OF GRS. GRS MUST BE WITHIN +/- 20 DEGREES OF CENTRAL MERIDIAN. SEE QUESTION 8 OF GENERAL FORM. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4203c [ 8] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.6 JUPITER- FOS/BL ACCUM 1.0- G190H 1900 1 14M 20 1 1 SEQ 6.5,6.6 NON- GRS1 PAIR-B INT Comments: OK TO TRIM EXP TIMES TO MEET NON-INT CONSTRAINT FOR 6.5,6.6. 6.5-6.6 FILL FIRST VIS PERIOD AFTER RT ACQ. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.7 JUPITER- FOS/BL ACCUM 1.0 G190H 1900 1 15M 20 1 1 NON-INT NP060 Comments: TARG MUST BE WITHIN +/- 20 DEG OF CM. LONG IN TARG DEF IS FLEXIBLE, BUT LAT(+60) IS FIXED. 7.7 FILLS SECOND VISIB'TY PERIOD AFTER RT ACQ. NO SPLIT BETWEEN ORBITS - TRIM EXPOSURE TIME IF NECESSARY. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 JUPITER- FOS/BL ACCUM 1.0 G190H 1900 1 7M 20 1 1 SEQ 8.0-8.2 NON- GRS2 INT Comments: TARG SHOULD BE WITHIN +/- 20 DEG OF CM. 8-8.2 FILL THIRD VISIBILITY PERIOD AFTER RT ACQ. TARG IS COMP- ARISON/ CALIBRATION FOR GRS OBSERV. 6.5 -6.6. OK TO TRIM EXP TIMES TO MEET NON-INT REQ. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8.1 JUPITER- FOS/BL ACCUM 1.0- G190H 1900 1 7M 20 1 1 GRS2 PAIR-A Comments: SAME COMMENTS AS FOR 8.0 LONG IN TARG DEF'N IS ADJUST- ABLE TO HELP SCHEUDLING, BUT LATITUDE IS FIXED. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8.2 JUPITER- FOS/BL ACCUM 1.0- G190H 1900 1 7M 20 1 1 GRS2 PAIR-B Comments: SAME COMMENTS AS FOR 8.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8.4 JUPITER- FOS/BL ACCUM 1.0 G190H 1900 2 15M 20 1 1 NON-INT NP180 Comments: TARGET MUST BE WITHIN +/- 20 DEG OF CM. DO NOT SPLIT EXPOSURE BETWEEN ORBITS. SEE QUESTION 8, GENERAL FORM. 8.4 FILLS 4TH VISIB'TY PERIOD AFTER RT ACQ. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 4203c [ 9] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC PC FOS/BL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters SUB-STEP=4 Y-SIZE=5 Y-SPACE=128 COMB=YES STEP-TIME=1.0 SUB-STEP=1 Y-SIZE=4 Y-SPACE=64 COMB=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for AUG/OS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 5.72 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category SOLAR SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category GIANT PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements GROUP 6.00 - 6.60 WITHIN 24H; CYCLE 2 / 6.00 - 8.4 SEQ 6.0 - 6.12 NON-INT SEQ 6.2-8.4 NO GAP; RT ANALYSIS FOR 6.3-8.4; AFTER 6.120 BY 10H +/- 0.5H; SEQ 6.5,6.6 NON-INT; SEQ 8.0-8.2 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F336W F413M G270H G190H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names JUPITER JUPITER-GRS1 JUPITER-GRS2 JUPITER-NP060 JUPITER-NP180 IO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------