Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 4118c Report Date: 09-May-96:19:13 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: DO GALAXIES PRODUCE QUASAR ABSORPTION LINES? : CYCLE 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID QUASARS & AGN AUG/OS 4118 Sub Category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Dr. John N. Bahcall INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY USA (609) 734-8054 DR. JOHN N. BAHCALL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract SPECTRA WILL BE OBTAINED WITH THE FOS FOR A NUMBER OF QUASARS THAT HAVE A SMALL ANGULAR SEPARATION ON THE SKY FROM GALAXIES OR GALAXY VOIDS, INCLUDING MARK 205, 3C 232, PKS 2020-370, THE GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QUASAR, 2237+0305, 4 OBJECTS BEHIND THE BOOTES GALAXY VOID, US 1329 (BEHIND THE BAHCALL-SONEIRA GALAXY VOID), AND 5C 03.44 (BEHIND M 31). THE SPECTRA WILL BE USED TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT SOME METALLIC QUASAR ABSORPTION SYSTEMS ARE CAUSED BY VERY LARGE GALAXY HALOS OR DISKS. WF/PC IMAGES WILL ALSO BE OBTAINED OF THE LENSING GALAXY, 2237+0305, IN ORDER TO LOCATE ACCURATELY THE QUASAR POSITION AND MEASURE THE SURFACE BRIGHTNESS OF THE INNER REGION OF THE GALAXY. ST OBSERVATIONS ARE REQUIRED BECAUSE, FOR THE SMALL REDSHIFTS AT WHICH GALAXIES WITH LARGE ANGULAR SIZE ARE FOUND, THE RESONANT ATOMIC LINES ARE IN THE ULTRAVIOLET. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: QUASAR, SPECTROSCOPY, ABSORPTION LINE, GALAXY, GRAVITATIONAL LENS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 4.73 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 11 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: FOS WF/PC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 4118c PI: Dr. John N. Bahcall Proposal Title: DO GALAXIES PRODUCE QUASAR ABSORPTION LINES? : CYCLE 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ John N. Bahcall INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY USA Kavan Ratnatunga INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY USA Neta A. Bahcall SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. Eleven objects behind galaxy halos or voids will be observed with the FOS. Cycle 1 (1-6 months, SV) = Exposures 4,5,6,22,24,38,40 Cycle 2 (7-18 months) = Exposures 1,2,3,8,9,10,14,15,22,23,33-37,39 Cycle 3 + 4 (19-30 months) = Exposures 7,11,12,13,16,17,18,19,20,21 Exposures 6,24 and 40 should be taken consecutively. They will fix the position of the quasar relative to the center of the galaxy 2237+0305. It would be desirable if the low dispersion observation with the FOS, exposure 22, could be scheduled within one week of exposures 6, 24 and 40 although it is not essential. We want to avoid large variations of the quasar relative to the galaxy in the period between the imaging exposures 6,24, and 40 and the spectroscopic observation in exposure 22. Exposures 6, 24 and 40 should be centered on the center of one CCD (immaterial which one). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. ST observations are required to reach the relevant ultraviolet wavelengths at which the absorption features occur. For 2237+0305, ST observations are needed to locate the quasar images and to measure the characteristics of the inner region of the galaxy, a well as to study the absorption lines. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. Exposures 6, 24, and 40 should be taken consecutively. They will fix the position of the quasar relative to the center of the galaxy 2237+0305. It would be desirable if the low dispersion observation with the FOS, exposure 22, could be scheduled within one week of exposures 6, 24, and 40 although it is not essential. We want to avoid large variations of the quasar relative to the galaxy in the period between the imaging exposures 6, 24, and 40 and the spectroscopic observation in exposure 22. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. Exposures 6 and 24 should be taken consecutively. Exposures 6, 24, and 40 should be centered on thhe center of one CCD (immaterial which one). Parallel observations should be as long as possible and in dark time (if scheduling permits). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. The spectra of 3C 232 will be analyzed collaboratively with B. Savage (University of Wisconsin) to determine what absorption lines are produced by the intervening galaxy NGC 3067. An additional FOS observation of this object with G130H will be obtained by Savage in his proposal entitled: "Absorption by Extragalactic Gaseous Halos." Data reduction and analysis for the other spectroscopic observations will be performed at IAS, using the IAS VAX facilities and peripherals. The images of 2237+0305 will be analyzed with the image processing system developed by D. Schneider. Quasar continuum intensities and emission-line equivalent widths will be measured at KPNO by R. Green. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. Improved positions for the quasars will be measured optically at KPNO by R. Green using existing plates. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). Full computing support will be supplied by IAS. Research collaborators are available. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. Spectra will be obtained with the FOS for a number of quasars that have a small angular separation on the sky from galaxies or galaxy voids, including Mark 205, 3C 232, PKS 2020-370, the gravitationally lensed quasar, 2237+0305, 4 objects behind the Bootes galaxy void, US 1329 (behind the Bahcall-Soneira galaxy void), and 5C 03.44 (behind M 31). The spectra will be used to test the hypothesis that some metallic quasar absorption systems are caused by very large galaxy halos or disks. WF/PC images will also be obtained of the lensing galaxy, 2237+0305, in order to locate accurately the quasar position and to measure the surface brightness of the inner region of the galaxy. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: JOHN N. BAHCALL Category: PI Institution: INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY Address: OLDEN LANE City: PRINCETON State: NJ Zip Code: 08540 Country: USA Telephone: (609) 734-8054 Telex (or e-mail): 837680 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 4118c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PG1411+442 E,313 RA = 14H 13M 48.3S +/- 0.1S, 2000 Z=0.089 1 V = 15.0 +/- 0.2 PB1732 DEC = +44D 00' 13" +/- 1.0" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PG1538+477 E,313 RA = 15H 39M 34.8S +/- 0.1S, 2000 Z=0.770 1 V = 16.0 +/- 0.2 DEC = +47D 35' 31" +/- 1.0" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4118c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PG1411+442 FOS/RD ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR 1 3.3S 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BINARY 1.1 SEQ 1.0-5.0 NO GAP CYCLE 2 / 1-6.5 Comments: SEQ 1-5 MUST BE MERGED INTO SAME OBSSET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.1 PG1411+442 FOS/RD ACQ/ 0.25X2. MIRROR TYPE=UP 1 2S 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK 0 2.0,3.0,4.0 SPATIAL SCAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PG1411+442 FOS/RD RAPID 0.25X2. G270H 2700 READ-TIME=40 1 800S 30 1 1 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PG1411+442 FOS/RD RAPID 0.25X2. G190H 1900 READ-TIME=40 1 2000S 30 1 1 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 PG1411+442 FOS/BL ACQ/ 0.25X2. MIRROR TYPE=UP 1 3S 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK 0 5.0 SPATIAL SCAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PG1411+442 FOS/BL RAPID 0.25X2. G130H 1300 READ-TIME=40 1 8200S 30 1 1 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PG1538+477 FOS/RD ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR 1 8.2S 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BINARY 6.1 SEQ 6.0-6.5 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.1 PG1538+477 FOS/RD ACQ/ 0.25X2. MIRROR TYPE=UP 1 8S 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK 0 6.5 SPATIAL SCAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.5 PG1538+477 FOS/RD RAPID 0.25X2. G270H 2700 READ-TIME=40 1 2000S 30 1 1 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scan Paramters Form Proposal ID: 4118c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Data ID: 1 Exposure Logsheet lines: 1.1,4.0,6.1 FGS Scan: DWELL Dwell Only: dwell points/line: 9 Seconds per dwell: 0.00 Scan width (arc-secs): 0.0000 Scan length (arc-secs): 0.4000 Angle between sides (degrees) 0.00 Number of lines: 1 Scan rate (arc-sec/sec): 0.0000 PA of first scan line (degrees) 90.000 Scan frame (CEL or S/C): S/C Length Offset (arc-sec): 0.2000 Width Offset (arc-sec): 0.0000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 4118c [ 7] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOS/RD FOS/BL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/BINARY ACQ/PEAK RAPID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters TYPE=UP READ-TIME=40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for AUG/OS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 4.73 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category QUASARS & AGN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.1; SEQ 1.0-5.0 NO GAP ; CYCLE 2 / 1-6.5 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.0,3.0,4.0 ; SPATIAL SCAN ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5.0 ; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6.1; SEQ 6.0-6.5 NO GAP ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6.5 ; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR G270H G190H G130H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PG1411+442 PB1732 PG1538+477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------