!  File:  4112C.PROP
!  Database:  PEPDB
!  Date:  20-FEB-1994:09:11:27

coverpage:

  title_1:         EVOLUTION OF LYMAN-ALPHA AND CIV ABSORPTON SYSTEMS:
    title_2:       CYCLE 2
    sci_cat:       QUASARS & AGN
    proposal_for:  AUG/OS
    pi_title:      DR.
    pi_fname:      JOHN
    pi_mi:         N.
    pi_lname:      BAHCALL
    pi_inst:       INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY
    pi_country:    USA
    pi_phone:      (609) 734-8054
    keywords_1:    QUASAR, SPECTROSCOPY, ABSORPTION LINES, EMISSION
    keywords_2:    LINES, EVOLUTION
    hours_pri:     7.05
    num_pri:       21
    wf_pc:         X
    fos:           X
    pi_position:   PROFESSOR
    off_fname:     ALLEN
    off_lname:     ROWE
    off_title:     ASSOC DIR ADM/FIN
    off_addr_1:    INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY
    off_addr_2:    OLDEN LANE
    off_city:      PRINCETON
    off_state:     NJ
    off_zip:       08540
    off_country:   USA
    off_phone:     (609) 734-8205
    off_telex:     837680
! end of coverpage

abstract:

    line_1:        The evolution of Lyman-alpha and CIV absorption line systems
    line_2:        in quasar spectra will be investigated using 21 optically
    line_3:        bright quasars with a wide range of redshifts; the
    line_4:        wavelength at which the Lyman cutoff appears will also be
    line_5:        determined. All of the prominent emission and absorption
    line_6:        lines will be measured. ST observations are required because
    line_7:        the spectral features of interest are in the far ultraviolet
    line_8:        and are inaccessible from the ground.

!
! end of abstract

general_form_proposers:

  lname:           BAHCALL
    fname:         JOHN
    mi:            N.
    inst:          INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY
    country:       USA

!

  lname:           GREEN
    fname:         RICHARD
    inst:          NOAO, KITT PEAK NATIONAL OBSERVATORY
    country:       USA

!
! end of general_form_proposers block

general_form_text:

  question:        3
    section:       1
    line_1:        Twenty-one quasars will be studied spectroscopically with
    line_2:        the FOS and the gratings G130H, G190H, G270H, G160L, and in
    line_3:        a few cases for comparison with ground-based observations,
    line_4:        G400H. Exposures are taken with a given grating only if the
    line_5:        data contributes to the statistical program of analyzing
    line_6:        absorption systems. Exposures 3, 22-24, and 34 will be used
    line_7:        to calibrate the procedure relative to ground based
    line_8:        observations of absorption lines. Exposures 3 and 22 should
    line_9:        be scheduled within one week of each other.  Parellel
    line_10:       observations will be made with the WF/PC for the longer
    line_11:       exposures to help determine the density of background
    line_12:       objects for the proposal: "Luminosity Functions and Tidal
    line_13:       Radii of Globular Clusters in Virgo," [J. Bahcall, P.I.].
    line_14:       Exposures 16-21 are parallel observations.
    line_15:       Cycle 1 (SV: 1-6 months)=Exposures 3,5,8,10,12,22,24
    line_16:       Cycle 2 (7-18 months)=Exposures 1,4,7,11,13,15,23,25-35
    line_17:       Cycle 3+4 (19-30 months)=Exposures 2,6,9,14,36-50
    line_18:       Exposures 3 and 22 should be taken within a few days of
    line_19:       each other.  Exposures 16-21 are parallel exposures.
    line_20:       Desirable but not critical.

!

  question:        4
    section:       1
    line_1:        ST observations are required to reach the far ultraviolet
    line_2:        wavelengths at which the relevant absorption and emission
    line_3:        lines occur. UM 18 (target 12) has been studied extensively
    line_4:        from the ground (Young et al. Ap. J. 252, 10, 1982), as have
    line_5:        S4 1435+63 and UM 402, and will be used to help calibrate
    line_6:        the ST reduction and analysis procedures relative to
    line_7:        standard ground based observations.

!

  question:        5
    section:       1
    line_1:        Exposures 3 and 22 should be scheduled within one week of
    line_2:        each other.  We want to compare the spectra obtained with
    line_3:        the two gratings with simultaneous ground-based observations
    line_4:        and detections of absorption lines. This comparison would be
    line_5:        complicated if the continuum emission of the quasar varied
    line_6:        during the period between exposure 3 and exposure 22.

!

  question:        6
    section:       1
    line_1:        Parallel observations should be as long as possible
    line_2:        (uninterrupted if scheduling permits) and in dark time (if
    line_3:        scheduling permits).

!

  question:        7
    section:       1
    line_1:        Primary data reduction and analysis will be performed at IAS
    line_2:        for the absorption line features and at KPNO for the
    line_3:        emission line features.

!

  question:        8
    section:       1
    line_1:        Measurements in other wavelength regions will be acquired
    line_2:        prior to ST launch in order to make the ST observations
    line_3:        more meaningful. Many of the program objects have already
    line_4:        been studied extensively by R. Green and his collaborators
    line_5:        in connection with surveys taken in other wavelength regions.
    line_6:        R. Green will obtain spectra in the visible at KPNO that are
    line_7:        as nearly simultaneous with ST observations as scheduling
    line_8:        permits and will combine the ST results and the new KPNO
    line_9:        data with the original PG survey material. One arc second
    line_10:       positions are being measured by R. Green for all of the
    line_11:       program objects for all cases in which they are not already
    line_12:       known. Targets 2, 11, 12, and 15 (exposures 3, 22-24, 34-35)
    line_13:       will be studied spectroscopically from the ground prior to
    line_14:       the launch of ST in order that we can compare our
    line_15:       sensitivity and reduction procedures to standard
    line_16:       measurements from the ground. For this reason, we have
    line_17:       requested observations of Targets 2, 11, and 12 in a
    line_18:       wavelength region that is also accessible from the ground.

!

  question:        10
    section:       1
    line_1:        Full computing support will be supplied by IAS. Research
    line_2:        associates will be available. Observing assistance and
    line_3:        computing support will be provided by KPNO for continuum
    line_4:        and emission-line analyses.

!

  question:        13
    section:       1
    line_1:        The evolution of Lyman-alpha and CIV absorption line systems
    line_2:        in quasar spectra will be investigated using 21 optically
    line_3:        bright quasars with a wide range of redshifts; the
    line_4:        wavelength at which the Lyman cutoff appears will also be
    line_5:        determined. All of the prominent emission and absorption
    line_6:        lines will be measured.

!
!end of general form text

general_form_address:

  lname:           BAHCALL
    fname:         JOHN
    mi:            N.
    title:         DR.
    category:      PI
    inst:          INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY
    addr_1:        OLDEN LANE
    city:          PRINCETON
    state:         NJ
    zip:           08540
    country:       USA
    phone:         (609) 734-8054
    telex:         837680

!
! end of general_form_address records

fixed_targets:

    targnum:       1
    name_1:        HS0624+6907
    descr_1:       E,313
    pos_1:         RA = 06H 30M 02.7S+/-0.1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = +69D 05' 04"+/-1"
    equinox:       2000
    pm_or_par:     NO
    rv_or_z:       Z=0.370
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 14.2 +/- 0.2

!

    targnum:       2
    name_1:        PG2112+059
    descr_1:       E,313
    pos_1:         RA = 21H 14M 52.6S+/-0.1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = +06D 07' 43"+/-1"
    equinox:       2000
    pm_or_par:     NO
    rv_or_z:       Z=0.466
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 15.5 +/- 0.2

!

    targnum:       3
    name_1:        PG1718+481
    descr_1:       E,313
    pos_1:         RA = 17H 19M 38.3S+/-0.1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = +48D 04' 12"+/-1"
    equinox:       2000
    pm_or_par:     NO
    rv_or_z:       Z=1.084
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 15.3 +/- 0.2

!

    targnum:       4
    name_1:        PG1241+176
    descr_1:       E,313
    pos_1:         RA = 12H 44M 10.8S+/-0.1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = +17D 21' 04"+/-1"
    equinox:       2000
    pm_or_par:     NO
    rv_or_z:       Z=1.273
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 15.3 +/- 0.2

!

    targnum:       5
    name_1:        PG1216+069
    descr_1:       E,313
    pos_1:         RA = 12H 19M 20.9S+/-0.1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = +06D 38' 39"+/-1"
    equinox:       2000
    pm_or_par:     NO
    rv_or_z:       Z=0.334
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 15.6 +/- 0.2

!

    targnum:       6
    name_1:        4C73.18
    descr_1:       E,313
    pos_1:         RA = 19H 27M 48.5S+/-0.1S,
    pos_2:         DEC = +73D 58' 02"+/-1"
    equinox:       2000
    pm_or_par:     NO
    rv_or_z:       Z=0.302
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V = 15.5 +/- 0.2

!
! end of fixed targets

! No solar system records found

! No generic target records found

exposure_logsheet:

    linenum:       1.000
    targname:      HS0624+6907
    config:        FOS/BL
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G130H
    wavelength:    1300
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  9000S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40
    req_1:         CYCLE 2 / 1-15.1

!

    linenum:       2.000
    targname:      PG2112+059
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G190H
    wavelength:    1900
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  5000S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40
    req_1:         SEQ 2,3 NO GAP

!

    linenum:       3.000
    targname:      PG2112+059
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2700
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  1800S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40

!

    linenum:       4.000
    targname:      PG1718+481
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2700
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  1200S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40

!

    linenum:       5.000
    targname:      PG1241+176
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2700
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  2600S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40

!

    linenum:       6.000
    targname:      PG1216+069
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2700
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  1400S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40
    req_1:         SEQ 6,8 NO GAP

!

    linenum:       7.000
    targname:      4C73.18
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2700
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  1640S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40
    req_1:         SEQ 7,9 NO GAP

!

    linenum:       8.000
    targname:      PG1216+069
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G190H
    wavelength:    1900
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  4000S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40

!

    linenum:       9.000
    targname:      4C73.18
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        RAPID
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    G190H
    wavelength:    1900
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  4400S
    s_to_n:        30
    fluxnum_1:     1
    priority:      1
    param_1:       READ-TIME=40

!

    linenum:       10.000
    targname:      HS0624+6907
    config:        FOS/BL
    opmode:        ACQ/BINARY
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  3.5S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       BRIGHT=330000.0
    param_2:       FAINT=660.0
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 10.1

!

    linenum:       10.100
    targname:      HS0624+6907
    config:        FOS/BL
    opmode:        ACQ/PEAK
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  3S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       TYPE=UP
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1 ;
    req_2:         SPATIAL SCAN

!

    linenum:       11.000
    targname:      PG2112+059
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/BINARY
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  5.2S
    priority:      1
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 11.1

!

    linenum:       11.100
    targname:      PG2112+059
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/PEAK
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  2S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       TYPE=UP
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2,3 ;
    req_2:         SPATIAL SCAN

!

    linenum:       12.000
    targname:      PG1718+481
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/BINARY
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  4.4S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       BRIGHT=330000.0
    param_2:       FAINT=660.0
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 12.1

!

    linenum:       12.100
    targname:      PG1718+481
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/PEAK
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  2S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       TYPE=UP
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4 ;
    req_2:         SPATIAL SCAN

!

    linenum:       13.000
    targname:      PG1241+176
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/BINARY
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  4.4S
    priority:      1
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 13.1

!

    linenum:       13.100
    targname:      PG1241+176
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/PEAK
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  4S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       TYPE=UP
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5 ;
    req_2:         SPATIAL SCAN

!

    linenum:       14.000
    targname:      PG1216+069
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/BINARY
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  5.6S
    priority:      1
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 14.1

!

    linenum:       14.100
    targname:      PG1216+069
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/PEAK
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  3S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       TYPE=UP
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6,8 ;
    req_2:         SPATIAL SCAN

!

    linenum:       15.000
    targname:      4C73.18
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/BINARY
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  5.2S
    priority:      1
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 15.1

!

    linenum:       15.100
    targname:      4C73.18
    config:        FOS/RD
    opmode:        ACQ/PEAK
    aperture:      0.25X2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  3S
    priority:      1
    param_1:       TYPE=UP
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 7,9 ;
    req_2:         SPATIAL SCAN

!
! end of exposure logsheet

scan_data:

    line_list:     10.1,11.1,12.1,13.1,14.1,15.1
    fgs_scan:
    cont_dwell:    D
    dwell_pnts:    9
    dwell_secs:       0.00
    scan_width:       0.0000
    scan_length:      0.4000
    sides_angle:     0.0000
    number_lines:  1
    scan_rate:       0.0000
    first_line_pa:  90.0000
    scan_frame:    S/C
    len_offset:    0.2000
    wid_offset:    0.0000

!
! end of scan data