Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 4080c Report Date: 09-May-96:19:10 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QSOS AUGMENTATION: CYCLE 2 OBSERVATIONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID QUASARS & AGN AUG/FOS 3646 Sub Category AUG/FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone E. margaret Burbidge UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SA USA 619-534-4477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract This proposal contains observations which will help to complete a number of FOS IDT scientific programs. Evolution of the sizes of the Lyman alpha clouds will be studied with ultraviolet spectra of a well separated pair of QSO images. In two "gravitational lensing" multiple QSOs, we shall ascertain whether the UV spectra of the images are identical, while detecting absorption lines (especially Lyman alpha) which might exhibit differences and hence give information on sizes of absorbing clouds. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: GRAVITATIONAL LENSES, QUASARS, UV ABSORPTION LINES. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 10.10 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 2 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 4080c PI: E. margaret Burbidge Proposal Title: GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QSOS AUGMENTATION: CYCLE 2 OBSERVATIONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Richard J. Harms APPLIED RESEARCH CORPORATION USA Richard G. Allen UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA USA J. Roger P. Angel UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA USA Frank Bartko UNAFFILIATED USA Edward Beaver UC, SAN DIEGO USA Ralph C. Bohlin SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE Pi E. Margaret Burbidge UC, SAN DIEGO USA Ross D. Cohen UC, SAN DIEGO USA Aurthur F. Davidsen JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY USA Holland C. Ford SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE George F. Hartig SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE Vesa T. Junkkarinen UC, SAN DIEGO USA Bruce H. Margon UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. For each of the two brightest components of PKS0957+561, the following observations will be made with the FOS and red detector: binary search target acquisition, peak-up into the 0.25X2.0 slit, 13128s with G270H in the slit, and then 500s with G160L in the large aperture. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. The Lyman-alpha forest lines in the spectrum of the double QSO Q0957+561 for measuring the size of the H I clouds are below the atmospheric cutoff. Absorption lines such as C IV lambda1549 due to low and medium redshift galaxies and galaxy clusters near QSO sight lines will be in the UV. UV absorption lines are a better probe of gas for this sight lines than optical absorption lines, and the UV observations are required in order to understand the evolution of the sizes of these clouds. The collecting area of HST and the sensitivity of the FOS and GHRS make it possible to obtain spectra with the signal to noise needed to carry out these studies of QSOs at wavelengths below the atmospheric cutoff. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Absorption lines in the spectra of the two gravitational lens images will be measured using the standard software. Monte-Carlo simulations of the absorption line coincidences along these two closely spaced lines of sight will be used to estimate the size of the Ly-alpha forest H I clouds. The association of absorption lines with galaxies and clusters of galaxies along the QSO line of sight will be established by obtaining accurate redshifts for the absorption system and the intervening object. These observations will be reduced using the standard spectroscopy and polarimetry reduction software available for FOS data. Calibration will be done using the results of SV observations. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. Optical polarimetry and photometry will be performed using the facilities of Steward Observatory. Optical spectroscopy and photometry will be performed using the facilities of Lick Observatory. We will try to make the optical observations simultaneous with the HST UV observations if possible. This imposes no requirements on HST scheduling except as noted in question 5. Coordinates need to be determined from WF/PC team images for target acquisition. This will be done shortly. There are a number of related FOS IDT GTO proposals in cycles 0, 1, and 2. These observations were originally written as portions of observations begun in those proposals. Thus the observations included here contain both the baseline and augmented portions. Some observations were moved from augmented to baseline proposals to balance this. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. Collaborators have received data from a number of GTO programs, SAT, and ERO programs. Related programs which have had observations are as follows: 1026 - ``UV Spectra of Low-Redshift-QSOs'', 1027 - ``UV Spectra of QSOs with z> 3.1'', 1029 - ``Spectropolarimetry of QSOs, Blazars, and AGN'', and 1033 - ``Search for Misdirected BL Lac Objects''. Low resolution observations of three high redshift QSOs have not revealed any with light at He II lambda 304. Observations of UM 675 have shown that any He I Gunn--Peterson effect is small, that He I absorption lines are not strong, that predictions of the ``Lyman valley'' may be correct, and that low redshift Ly-alpha is more prevalent than expected. Observations of low redshift QSOs (including 3C 273) have shown even more clearly that Ly-alpha absorption occurs in greater numbers than expected, as well as showing emission-- line profile differences more clearly than from earlier data. Unexpectedly, Ly- alpha is narrower than H-alpha. ``HST Imaging of the Inner 3 Arcseconds of NGC 1068 in the Light of [O III] lambda5007'', I.N.Evans, H.C.Ford, A.L.Kinney, R.R.J.Antonucci, L.Armus, and S.Caganoff, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 369}, L27, 1991. ``Faint Object Camera Observations of a Globular Cluster Nova Field'', B.Margon, S.F.Anderson, R.A.Downes, R.C.Bohlin, and P.Jakobsen, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 369}, L71, 1991. ``Far--Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of the Quasar UM 675 with the Faint Object Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope'', E.A.Beaver, E.M.Burbidge, R.D.Cohen, V.T.Junkkarinen, R.W.Lyons, E.I.Rosenblatt, G.F.Hartig, B.Margon, and A.F.Davidsen, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 377}, L1, 1991. ``The Ultraviolet Absorption Spectrum of 3C 273'', J.N.Bahcall, B.T.Jannuzi, D.P.Schneider, G.F.Hartig, R.Bohlin, and V.Junkkarinen, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 377}, L5, 1991. ``Faint Object Spectrograph Spectroscopy of Resolved Structure in the Nucleus of NGC 1068'', S.Caganoff, R.R.J.Antonucci, H.C.Ford, G.A.Kriss, G.Hartig, L.Armus, I.N.Evans, E.Rosenblatt, R.C.Bohlin, and A.L.Kinney, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 377}, L9, 1991. ``Faint Object Spectrograph Observations of the Low-Luminosity Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1566'', G.A.Kriss, G.F.Hartig, L.Armus, W.P.Blair, S.Caganoff, and L.Dressel, {\it Ap.J.(Lett.)}, {\bf 377}, L13, 1991. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). The majority of the resources required for this project other than the normal facilities of a university (librarys, offices, etc.) were supplied by NASA to the members of the FOS IDT for these projects. These include all the computing facilities required for the completion of data reduction and analysis. Optical and IR ground--based observing facilities and support are provided by the University of California and the University of Arizona. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. We will observe 2 cases of gravitationally lensed QSOs to investigate faint additional images and size of clouds producing absorption. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Page 4 Name: E. MARGARET BURBIDGE Category: PI Institution: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIE Address: CASS 0111, UCSD 9500 GILMAN DRIVE City: LA JOLLA State: CA Zip Code: 920930111 Country: USA Telephone: 619-534-4477 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 4080c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 0957+561A E,314,323,321,923, RA = 10H 1M 20.74S +/- 2000 Z=1.414 1 V=16.7 +/- 1.0 H,515,519 0.13", 2 F(2600) = 0.75 +/- 0.2 E-15 DEC = 55D 53' 55.1" +/- 0.13", PLATE-ID = 01RP, Comments: EXACT COORDINATES HAVE BEEN MEASURED FROM WFC IMAGE. THE BRIGHTEST IMAGE OF THIS MULTIPLE QUASAR. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 0957+561B E,314,323,321,923, RA = 10H 1M 20.89S +/- 2000 Z=1.414 1 V=17.0 +/- 1.0 H,515,519 0.13", 2 F(2600) = 0.75 +/- 0.2 E-15 DEC = 55D 53' 49.2" +/- 0.13", PLATE-ID = 01RP, Comments: EXACT COORDINATES HAVE BEEN MEASURED FROM WFC IMAGE THE SECOND BRIGHTEST IMAGE OF THIS MULTIPLE QUASAR. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 4080c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 0957+561A FOS/RD ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR BRIGHT=720000 1 19S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BINARY 10.5 SEQ 10.0-12.0 NO GAP CYCLE 2 / 10.0- 17.0 Comments: WE WILL UPDATE COORDINATES AND SCEDULE ALL 0957 OBSERVATION AFTER THE WFPC TEAM LETS US LOOK AT IMAGES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10.5 0957+561A FOS/RD ACQ/ 0.25X2. MIRROR TYPE=UP 1 19S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK 0 11.0-12.0 SPATIAL SCAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 0957+561A FOS/RD RAPID 0.25X2. G270H 2700 READ-TIME=40 1 13120S 15 2 1 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 0957+561A FOS/RD RAPID 4.3 G160L 1650 READ-TIME=40 1 480S 15 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 0957+561B FOS/RD ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR BRIGHT=720000 1 19S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BINARY 13.5 SEQ 13.0-17.0 NO GAP GROUP 11.0-17.0 WITHIN 14D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13.5 0957+561B FOS/RD ACQ/ 0.25X2. MIRROR TYPE=UP 1 19S 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAK 0 16.0-17.0 SPATIAL SCAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 0957+561B FOS/RD RAPID 0.25X2. G270H 2700 READ-TIME=40 1 13120S 15 2 1 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 0957+561B FOS/RD RAPID 4.3 G160L 1650 READ-TIME=40 1 480S 15 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scan Paramters Form Proposal ID: 4080c [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Data ID: 1 Exposure Logsheet lines: 10.5,13.5 FGS Scan: DWELL Dwell Only: dwell points/line: 7 Seconds per dwell: 1.00 Scan width (arc-secs): 0.0000 Scan length (arc-secs): 0.4000 Angle between sides (degrees) 0.00 Number of lines: 1 Scan rate (arc-sec/sec): 0.0000 PA of first scan line (degrees) 90.000 Scan frame (CEL or S/C): S/C Length Offset (arc-sec): 0.2000 Width Offset (arc-sec): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 4080c [ 8] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOS/RD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/BINARY ACQ/PEAK RAPID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BRIGHT TYPE=UP READ-TIME=40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for AUG/FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 10.10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category QUASARS & AGN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category AUG/FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ONBOARD ACQ FOR 10.5; SEQ 10.0-12.0 NO GAP; CYCLE 2 / 10.0-17.0 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 11.0-12.0; SPATIAL SCAN ONBOARD ACQ FOR 13.5; SEQ 13.0-17.0 NO GAP; GROUP 11.0-17.0 WITHIN 14D ONBOARD ACQ FOR 16.0-17.0; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR G270H G160L ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names 0957+561A 0957+561B ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------