Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 3908c Report Date: 09-May-96:18:55 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: SLEUTHING THE DYNAMO: CYCLE 2 CONTINUATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS GO 2 Long Term yrs 2485 Sub Category EARLY EVOLUTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Dr. Thomas R Ayres COLORADO, UNIVERSITY OF USA 303-492-4051 RESEARCH PROFESSOR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Innovative technologies of the 1990s will open new windows to the interior of the Sun and its hidden dynamics: the GONG project for helioseismology; rare-earth detectors for solar neutrinos; and SOLAR PROBE for high-order moments of the mass distribution. At the same time, newly-commissioned space observatories will provide unprecedented views of the vacuum-UV and X-ray emissions of stars in our Galactic neighborhood. These seemingly unrelated developments are in fact deeply connected. A central issue of solar-stellar physics is the nature and origin of magnetic activity: the profound link between the interior dynamics of a late-type star and the violent state of its outermost million-degree coronal layers. As solar physicists are unlocking the secrets of the hydromagnetic dynamo deep inside the Sun, we will apply one of the powerful new astronomical tools of the decade -- the HST -- to document the early evolution of the dynamo and its associated external gas -dynamic activity. In particular, we will obtain high-S/N FUV spectra of solar-type stars in young galactic clusters ranging in age from 1/10-th to 1/100-th that of the Sun. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: OPEN CLUSTER, DWARF, MS STAR, CHROMOSPHERE, CORONA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 11.98 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 5 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: FOS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 3908c PI: Dr. Thomas R Ayres Proposal Title: SLEUTHING THE DYNAMO: CYCLE 2 CONTINUATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dr. Thomas R Ayres COLORADO, UNIVERSITY OF USA Prof. Gibor S Basri CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF, USA BERKELEY Dr. Theodore Simon HAWAII, UNIVERSITY OF USA Dr. John R Stauffer CFA USA Dr. Robert A Stern LOCKHEED PALO ALTO RESEARCH LABS USA Dr. Spiro K Antiochos US NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY USA Dr. Jay A Bookbinder CFA USA Dr. Alexander Brown COLORADO, UNIVERSITY OF USA Dr. George A Doschek US NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY USA Dr. Jeffrey L Linsky COLORADO, UNIVERSITY OF USA Prof. Lawrence W Ramsey PENN STATE UNIVERSITY USA Prof. Frederick M Walter NEW YORK, STATE UNIVERSITY OF USA (STONY BROOK) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Justification. 2. Scientific Justification ==> Not required for Phase II <== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. 3. Short Description of Proposed Observations We intend to record diagnostic- quality far-UV spectra of solar-type stars in young galactic clusters including the Hyades, the Pleiades, and ALPHA Persei. We selected five stars from each cluster which meet a number of strict criteria for membership, very likely are single, and which have reddening-corrected colors corresponding to G0-G3. Recording the critical spectral emissions in the far-UV -- from C III 1175, O V] 1218, and N V 1240 to C IV 1550 and He II 1640 -- requires two separate grating settings with the FOS: G130H & G190H. An additional brief exposure with G270H will record the bright Mg II 2800 h & k emissions at sufficient resolution to measure the integrated fluxes. For the continuation program, we selected 3 targets from the Pleiades, and 2 targets from ALPHA Per. Owing to the faintness of the targets, we will obtain observations with G130H & G270H only, focusing on the critical C IV & Mg II emissions. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. 4. Need for HST We will investigate the high-excitation outer atmospheres of solar-type stars -- energized by magnetic activity -- as they age along their MS evolutionary tracks. On the Sun, co-spatiality between magnetic flux and high- excitation emissions is emphasized in the 100,000 K vacuum-UV resonance lines like C IV 1548 and N V 1238; whereas traditional ``chromospheric'' diagnostics accessible from the ground -- like Ca II and H-ALPHA -- tend to be contaminated to an uncertain degree by heating unrelated to magnetic activity, or suffer from uncertain modes of formation. Three stars of our sample -- HD28344, HD28992, and HZ1514 -- have been observed previously with IUE LWP-LO exposures to record the Mg II 2800 emission. There are no SWP-LO spectra of our program stars, and previous attempts to expose deep SWP-LOs of other (X-ray-selected) Hyads have produced only poor-quality spectral material. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. 5. a. Justification of special scheduling requests ==> none <== Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. 5. b. Special calibration requirements ==> none <== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. 7. Data Reduction and Analysis Calibration of the FOS spectra will be undertaken at the STSci. Two team members are HRS/GTOs, and we expect to benefit from their experience. Initially, the spectral traces will be measured using standard fitting routines available at Colorado through the IUE RDAF. Subsequently, emission-measure modelling, density-sensitive line-ratio tests, and correlations with other diagnostics (like ground- based Ca K fluxes or ROSAT X-ray detections) will be conducted by specific team members. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. 8. Special Comments ==> none <== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. 9. Previous HST observing Time Cycle-1 part of program is on long-range schedule (10/92) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). 10. Resources to be Supplied by Institution(s) Several domestic institutions are involved in our consortium. The resources and facilities that will be devoted to the project are extensive and varied. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: THOMAS R AYRES Category: PI Institution: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO Address: CAMPUS BOX 389 (CASA) City: BOULDER State: CO Zip Code: 80309 Country: USA Telephone: 303-492-4051 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 3908c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 STAR- A; 137; 901; RA=3H 44M 20.074S +/- 1", J2000 1 V = +10.6 +/- 0.1, TYPE = G0 V 0344+2447 C; 202 DEC=+24D 47' 46.77" +/- 1", 2 B-V = +0.64 +/- 0.02 HZ314 GSC PLATE-ID=009M 2 E(B-V) = 0.06 +/- 0.02 OBJECT- 3 F-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-13 ID=1803-574 3 W-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.2 4 F-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-15 4 W-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.2 Comments: FAR-UV SPECTRA OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS IN YOUNG GALACTIC CLUSTERS PLEIADES G0 V STAR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 STAR- A; 137; 901; RA=3H 47M 40.439S +/- 1", J2000 1 V = +10.5 +/- 0.1, TYPE = G0 V 0347+2421 C; 202 DEC=+24D 21' 53.04" +/- 1", 2 B-V = +0.64 +/- 0.02 HZ1514 GSC PLATE-ID=009M 2 E(B-V) = 0.06 +/- 0.02 OBJECT- 3 F-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-13 ID=1800-1674 3 W-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.2 4 F-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-15 4 W-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.2 Comments: FAR-UV SPECTRA OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS IN YOUNG GALACTIC CLUSTERS PLEIADES G0 V STAR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 STAR- A; 137; 901; RA=3H 46M 22.668S +/- 1", J2000 1 V = +10.4 +/- 0.1, TYPE = G0 V 0346+2434 C; 202 DEC=+24D 34' 12.96" +/- 1", 2 B-V = +0.64 +/- 0.02 HZ996 GSC PLATE-ID=009M 2 E(B-V) = 0.06 +/- 0.02 OBJECT- 3 F-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-13 ID=1804-2129 3 W-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.2 4 F-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-15 4 W-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.2 Comments: FAR-UV SPECTRA OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS IN YOUNG GALACTIC CLUSTERS PLEIADES G0 V STAR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 STAR- A; 137; 901; RA=3H 26M 43.913S +/- 1", J2000 1 V = +10.9 +/- 0.1, TYPE = G0 V 0326+4954 C; 202 DEC=+49D 54' 34.99" +/- 1", 2 B-V = +0.68 +/- 0.02 HE709 GSC PLATE-ID=02RP 2 E(B-V) = 0.09 +/- 0.02 OBJECT- 3 F-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-13 ID=3320-818 3 W-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.2 4 F-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-15 4 W-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.2 Comments: FAR-UV SPECTRA OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS IN YOUNG GALACTIC CLUSTERS ALPHA PERSEI G0 V STAR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 STAR- A; 137; 901; RA=3H 17M 36.908S +/- 1", J2000 1 V = +11.0 +/- 0.1, TYPE = G0 V 0317+4850 C; 202 DEC=+48D 50' 9.65" +/- 1", 2 B-V = +0.68 +/- 0.02 HE350 GSC PLATE-ID=02RP 2 E(B-V) = 0.09 +/- 0.02 OBJECT- 3 F-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-13 ID=3319-306 3 W-LINE(2795) = 1 +/- 0.2 4 F-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.5 E-15 4 W-LINE(1548) = 1 +/- 0.2 Comments: FAR-UV SPECTRA OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS IN YOUNG GALACTIC CLUSTERS ALPHA PERSEI G0 V STAR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 3908c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR 1 0.7S 10 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2- POASH BINARY 3 GROUP 1-3 NO GAP CYCLE 2 / 1-3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G270H 2700 1 300S 50 3 1 POASH 5M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G130H 1300 1 5350S 10 4 1 POASH 90M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.1 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR FAINT=947 1 0.66S 10 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR POASH2 BINARY 4.2-4.3 GROUP 4.2-4.3 NO GAP CYCLE 2 / 4.10- 4.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.2 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G270H 2700 1 300S 50 3 1 POASH2 5M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.3 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G130H 1300 1 5350S 10 4 1 POASH2 90M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.1 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR FAINT=1037 1 0.66S 10 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR POASH3 BINARY 5.2-5.3 GROUP 5.2-5.3 NO GAP CYCLE 2 / 5.10- 5.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.2 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G270H 2700 1 300S 50 3 1 POASH3 5M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.3 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G130H 1300 1 5350S 10 4 1 POASH3 90M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.1 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACQ/ 4.3 MIRROR FAINT=1146 1 0.66S 10 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR POASH4 BINARY 6.2-6.3 GROUP 6.2-6.3 NO GAP CYCLE 2 / 6.10- 6.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.2 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G270H 2700 1 300S 50 3 1 POASH4 5M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.3 DEFINE # FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G130H 1300 1 5350S 10 4 1 POASH4 90M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 USE STAR- POASH2 0344+2447 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 3908c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 USE STAR- POASH3 0347+2421 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 USE STAR- POASH4 0346+2434 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 USE STAR- POASH 0326+4954 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 USE STAR- POASH 0317+4850 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 3908c [ 7] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOS/BL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/BINARY ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters FAINT=947 FAINT=1037 FAINT=1146 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 11.98 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category EARLY EVOLUTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2-3; GROUP 1-3 NO GAP; CYCLE 2 / 1-3 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4.2-4.3; GROUP 4.2-4.3 NO GAP; CYCLE 2 / 4.10-4.30 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5.2-5.3; GROUP 5.2-5.3 NO GAP; CYCLE 2 / 5.10-5.30 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6.2-6.3; GROUP 6.2-6.3 NO GAP; CYCLE 2 / 6.10-6.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR G270H G130H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names STAR-0344+2447 HZ314 GSC OBJECT-ID=1803-574 STAR-0347+2421 HZ1514 GSC OBJECT-ID=1800-1674 STAR-0346+2434 HZ996 GSC OBJECT-ID=1804-2129 STAR-0326+4954 HE709 GSC OBJECT-ID=3320-818 STAR-0317+4850 HE350 GSC OBJECT-ID=3319-306 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------