Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 3591c Report Date: 09-May-96:18:44 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: MASSIVE STARS IN STARBURST GALAXIES-FOC IMAGES(PART1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID STELLAR POPULATIONS GO Sub Category MASSIVE STARS/BURSTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Timothy M. Heckman STSCI USA 301-338-7369 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Starburst galaxies are ideal laboratories to study both the physics of massive stars and processes important in galaxy formation and evolution. Observations of these galaxies at ultraviolet wavelengths are crucial to our understanding of the starburst phenomenon, because only in this spectral regime can we directly observe the spectroscopic signatures of the hot, massive stars that power the emission at other wavebands. Indeed, we believe that the investigation of the UV properties of starburst galaxies is one of the most valuable tasks to be undertaken with HST. We have identified what we believe to be an optimal sample of the UV-brightest starburst galaxies in the local universe. These span as broad a range as possible in metal abundance and starburst luminosity. We describe an HST program designed to both give us a broad overview of the UV properties and stellar content of starbursts and to answer some important specific questions about starbursts. We anticipate that observations like these will be the prelude to a decade of fundamental and exciting HST research on massive stars and starburst galaxies. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 24.83 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 13 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: FOS FOC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 3591c PI: Timothy M. Heckman Proposal Title: MASSIVE STARS IN STARBURST GALAXIES-FOC IMAGES(PART1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pi Timothy M. Heckman STSCI USA Don Garnett STSCI USA Anne Kinney STSCI USA Claus Leitherer STSCI USA X Carmelle Robert STSCI USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Justification. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. We will obtain an image of the UV continuum of each of the 9 galaxies. We will use the FOC in the f/48 mode with the F140W filter, combined with the F130LP to block geocoronal Ly-Alpha. These images will have scientific value on their own, and will be used to select targets for the FOS spectroscopy based on adequate surface brightness in a 1x1 arcsec region and a structure that will not confuse the FOS peak-up algorthm. After inspecting the FOC images we will select a subset of the sample for FOS spectroscopy. For each selected galaxy we will obtain two spectra with the blue detector through the 1x1 arcsec aperture, using the G130H and G190H gratings respectively. We will use the FOC images to set exposure times for the FOS spectra that are adequate to produce a SNR of 25 to 1 per diode. The G130H will be primarily used to measure the CIV1550 and SiIV1400 lines, which are the strongest lines seen in IUE spectra of starbursts. The G190H spectrum covers the HeII1640 and NIV1720 lines, which are crucial diagnostics of highly evolved stars, like Wolf-Rayets. The spectral resolution of about 500 km/sec will be adequate to meet our scientific objectives. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. The space-UV is the spectral region in which the hot, massive stars that power starburst galaxies can be best directly observed. IUE has too little collecting area and too poor spectral resolution to discriminate between an interstellar, photospheric, or stellar wind origin for the UV absorption lines seen in starbursts. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. We need the FOC images to be taken in advance of the final scheduling of the FOS spectral observations. The UV structures of these starbursts are unknown on arcsec-scales, and we presently have only UV fluxes obtained through a 10x20 arcsec aperture with IUE. In order to select the optimum targets for FOS observations, and in order to calculate the FOS exposure times needed to achieve our desired SNR of 25 to 1 per diode through the 1x1 arcsec FOS aperture, we need to inspect the FOC images prior to submitting the final exposure logsheets for the FOS. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. We have no special requirements. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. The FOC images will be inspected in order to select those galaxies with regions of high enough surface brightness within a 1x1 arcsec area to make FOS spectroscopy feasible. The derived UV fluxes in these regions will be used to calculate FOS exposure times needed to obtain an SNR of 25 to 1 per diode. We also plan to deconvolve the FOC images. The radial velocity, equivalent width, width, and flux will be measured for all detectable stellar and interstellar absorption and nebular emission lines in the FOS data. The broad profiles of the stellar wind lines will be compared to model profiles produced by Leitherer and Robert. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. We have measured coordinates for all our galaxies using GASP. Comparison of these positions to radio positions available for some of our galaxies indicates typical uncertainties of +/- 1 arcsec. These uncertainties must arise in part because the central parts of these galaxies are burned out on the POSS plates. The positions now in hand are adequate to place the region of interest safely within the 22x22 arcsec field of the FOC. For the FOS acquisitions, we plan to use the peak-up algorithm, initially within the 1.4x4.3 arcsec aperture, followed by a peak-up using the 1.0 arcsec aperture. This means that we need positions that are good to better than +/- 0.3 arcsec. Our plan is to use ground-based CCD images to locate the nuclei of these galaxies with respect to the Guide Star coordinate system by measuring positions of many field stars in each CCD and GASP frame. The CCD images are in hand for all but three of the nine targets, and we plan to get images of the other three targets within the next three months. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. Program 2644 "The Environments of Starburst Galaxies" C.A. Norman (PI), J.C. Blades, L. Danly, and T. Heckman (coI's). No observations for this program have been obtained yet. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). The data reduction and analysis will be undertaken at STScI and at JHU. The extensive computer software and FOS and FOC expertise available at these two institutions will be utilized (see above). We will use the SDA ('Science Data Analyst') pool at STScI to assist us in the data reduction and analysis. STScI will pay 25 percent of the salary of this person. In addition, at least one JHU graduate student (supported by other contract funds) will be involved in the portion of the project dealing with interstellar absorption lines. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: TIMOTHY M. HECKMAN Category: PI Institution: STSCI Address: 3700 SAN MARTIN DRIVE City: BALTIMORE State: MD Zip Code: 21218 Country: USA Telephone: 301-338-7369 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 3591c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC1705 E,318 RA = 04H 54M 13.42S +/- J2000 V = +640 EXT 1 F(1400) = 2.6 E-14 0.1S, COMP 2 F(1650) = 2.0 E-14 DEC = -53D 21' 41.2" +/- 1" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 IZW18 E,318 RA = 9H 34M 02.09S +/- J2000 V = +750 EXT 1 F(1400) = 2.6 E-15 0.03S, COMP 2 F(1650) = 2.0 E-15 DEC = +55D 14' 26.8" +/- 0.5" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC3310 E,318 RA = 10H 38M 45.82S +/- J2000 V = +992 EXT 1 F(1400) = 1.7 E-14 0.1S, COMP 2 F(1650) = 1.4 E-14 DEC = +53D 30' 11.6" +/- 1" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 NGC3690 E,318 RA = 11H 28M 30.83S +/- J2000 V = EXT 1 F(1400) = 3.9 E-15 0.1S, +2988 COMP 2 F(1650) = 3.0 E-15 DEC = +58D 33' 45.0" +/- 1" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 NGC3991 E,318 RA = 11H 57M 31.72S +/- J2000 V = EXT 1 F(1400) = 9.5 E-15 0.1S, +3192 COMP 2 F(1650) = 6.5 E-15 DEC = +32D 20' 30.8" +/- 1" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 NGC4670 E,318 RA = 12H 45M 17.17S +/- J2000 V = EXT 1 F(1400) = 1.2 E-14 0.1S, +1076 COMP 2 F(1650) = 9.2 E-15 DEC = +27D 07' 31.2" +/- 1" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 NGC5253 E,318 RA = 13H 39M 56.02S +/- J2000 V = +395 EXT 1 F(1400) = 1.9 E-14 0.1S, COMP 2 F(1650) = 1.5 E-14 DEC = -31D 38' 23.6" +/- 1" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 TOL1924-416 E,318 RA = 19H 27M 58.35S +/- J2000 V = EXT 1 F(1400) = 7.7 E-15 0.1S, +2869 COMP 2 F(1650) = 5.0 E-15 DEC = -41D 34' 30.9" +/- 1" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 NGC7552 E,318 RA = 23H 16M 10.54S +/- J2000 V = EXT 1 F(1400) = 3.1 E-15 0.1S, +1589 COMP 2 F(1650) = 3.0 E-15 DEC = -42D 35' 04.5" +/- 1" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 3591c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.1 NGC1705 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W, PIXEL=50X25 1 500S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 F1ND Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE OBSERVE LINES 1.1-9.1 BEFORE 1-FEB-93 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.1 IZW18 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W PIXEL=50X25 1 1500S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.1 NGC3310 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W PIXEL=50X25 1 200S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.1 NGC3690 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W PIXEL=50X25 1 900S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.1 NGC3991 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W PIXEL=50X25 1 400S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.1 NGC4670 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W PIXEL=50X25 1 300S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.1 NGC5253 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W, PIXEL=50X25 1 500S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 F1ND Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8.1 TOL1924-416 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W PIXEL=50X25 1 450S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9.1 NGC7552 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X102 F220W PIXEL=50X25 1 1000S 5 1 1 CYCLE 2 4 Comments: USE COARSE TRACK IF NO F-L GUIDE STARS AVAILABLE; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 3591c [ 6] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOC/96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters PIXEL=50X25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 24.83 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category STELLAR POPULATIONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category MASSIVE STARS/BURSTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements CYCLE 2; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F220W,F1ND F220W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names NGC1705 IZW18 NGC3310 NGC3690 NGC3991 NGC4670 NGC5253 TOL1924-416 NGC7552 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------