!  File:  3310C.PROP
!  Database:  PEPDB
!  Date:  19-FEB-1994:02:34:15

coverpage:

  title_1:         IO, EUROPA AND GANYMEDE BELOW 3000 A -- CYCLE 2
    sci_cat:       SOLAR SYSTEM
    sci_subcat:    SATELLITES, RINGS
    proposal_for:  GTO/OS
    pi_fname:      JOHN
    pi_mi:         J.
    pi_lname:      CALDWELL
    pi_inst:       YORK UNIVERSITY
    pi_country:    CANADA
    pi_phone:      (416)665-5449
    keywords_1:    IO, EUROPA, GANYMEDE, SO2
    hours_pri:     4.00
    num_pri:       3
    time_crit:     X
    pi_position:   PROFESSOR
! end of coverpage

abstract:

    line_1:        Observe Io and Europa with FOS G270H to search for SO_2 absorption features.
    line_2:        Also observe Ganymede with FOS G270H for calibration.  Guide-star hand-off
    line_3:        capability is required.

!
! end of abstract

general_form_proposers:

  lname:           CALDWELL
    fname:         JOHN
    mi:            J.
    inst:          YORK UNIVERSITY
    country:       CANADA

!
! end of general_form_proposers block

general_form_text:

  question:        3
    section:       1
    line_1:        This is a continuation proposal (Cycle 0 = 1285; Cycle 1 = 3309).  The former
    line_2:        observations are GHRS G200M spectra of Io to search for a gas-phase SO_2
    line_3:        absorption edge at 2116 A, with Ganymede as a calibrator.  The current proposal
    line_4:        using the FOS investigates a much broader spectral range, which includes many
    line_5:        SO_2 bands with a large range of band strengths.

!

  question:        4
    section:       1
    line_1:        ST is required to do spectroscopy below 3000 A, where SO_2 has strong features.
    line_2:        ST will improve significantly upon the S/N ratio and spectral resolution that
    line_3:        has been achieved by previous satellite UV studies.

!

  question:        5
    section:       1
    line_1:        The proposed observations must be made for both Io and Europa at both orbital
    line_2:        elongations. Because each satellite has synchronous rotation with Jupiter, this
    line_3:        insures that two independent hemispheres will be covered for each satellite.
    line_4:        Previous studies of several kinds strongly suggest that there are significant
    line_5:        hemispherical variations on both Io and Europa. The orbital phase of Ganymede,
    line_6:        which is to be used as a calibrator for the HRS observations, is not critical,
    line_7:        but eastern elongation is specified here because the Earth-facing side at that
    line_8:        longitude is brighter.

!

  question:        6
    section:       1
    line_1:        Since all the Galilean satellites are very nearly the same size, Ganymede is an
    line_2:        ideal calibrator for the Io and Europa observations.  The complications of
    line_3:        spherical aberration make the Ganymede spectra very important as a reference
    line_4:        when searching for very weak absorption features on the other two satellites.

!

  question:        7
    section:       1
    line_1:        Io and Europa spectra will be reduced to albedos using HST Ganymede spectra.
    line_2:        Absorption features will be correlated with laboratory spectra of SO_2
    line_3:        obtained at essentially the same resolution as the ST data.  Because of the
    line_4:        thinness of the atmosphere of Io, it is probable that sophisticated radiative
    line_5:        transfer techniques will not be required, but that will only be determined
    line_6:        after the initial reduction of the data.

!

  question:        10
    section:       1
    line_1:        We have a dedicated SUN 4/280 computer and workstations, on which SDAS, IRAF
    line_2:        and IDL have been installed, to supplement STScI computing facilities for
    line_3:        data reduction.

!

  question:        13
    section:       1
    line_1:        FOS spectra of Io and Europa, with both satellites at each orbital elongation,
    line_2:        will be obtained in the range 2210-3290A, to search for SO_2 absorption
    line_3:        features, at resolution 2 A. For Io, these would be traces of gas from volcanic
    line_4:        venting and for Europa, there may be some SO_2 trapped in the surface H_2O ice.
    line_5:        Ganymede spectra will be used to remove solar and instrumental features.

!
!end of general form text

general_form_address:

  lname:           CALDWELL
    fname:         JOHN
    mi:            J.
    category:      PI
    inst:          YORK UNIVERSITY

!
! end of general_form_address records

! No fixed target records found

solar_system_targets:

  targnum:         1
    name_1:        IO-EAST
    descr_1:       SATELLITE IO
    lev1_1:        STD = JUPITER
    lev2_1:        STD = IO
    wind_1:        OLG OF IO BETWEEN 45 135,
    wind_2:        SEP OF IO CALLISTO FROM EARTH GT 12",
    wind_3:        SEP OF IO EUROPA FROM EARTH GT 12",
    wind_4:        SEP OF IO GANYMEDE FROM EARTH GT 12"
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=5.0, TYPE=G8V
    fluxnum_2:     2
    fluxval_2:     F(2200)=2E-14
    fluxnum_3:     3
    fluxval_3:     F(2116)=1E-14

!

  targnum:         2
    name_1:        IO-WEST
    descr_1:       ^
    lev1_1:        ^
    lev2_1:        ^
    wind_1:        OLG OF IO BETWEEN 225 315,
    wind_2:        SEP OF IO CALLISTO FROM EARTH GT 12",
    wind_3:        SEP OF IO EUROPA FROM EARTH GT 12",
    wind_4:        SEP OF IO GANYMEDE FROM EARTH GT 12"
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=5.0, TYPE=G8V
    fluxnum_2:     2
    fluxval_2:     F(2200)=2E-14
    fluxnum_3:     3
    fluxval_3:     F(2116)=1E-14

!

  targnum:         3
    name_1:        EUROPA-EAST
    descr_1:       SATELLITE EUROPA
    lev1_1:        ^
    lev2_1:        STD = EUROPA
    wind_1:        OLG OF EUROPA BETWEEN 45 135,
    wind_2:        SEP OF EUROPA CALLISTO FROM EARTH GT
    wind_3:        12",
    wind_4:        SEP OF EUROPA IO FROM EARTH GT 12",
    wind_5:        SEP OF EUROPA GANYMEDE FROM EARTH GT
    wind_6:        12"
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=5.3, TYPE=G8V
    fluxnum_2:     2
    fluxval_2:     F(2500)=8E-14

!

  targnum:         4
    name_1:        EUROPA-WEST
    descr_1:       ^
    lev1_1:        ^
    lev2_1:        ^
    wind_1:        OLG OF EUROPA BETWEEN 225 315,
    wind_2:        SEP OF EUROPA CALLISTO FROM EARTH GT
    wind_3:        12",
    wind_4:        SEP OF EUROPA IO FROM EARTH GT 12",
    wind_5:        SEP OF EUROPA GANYMEDE FROM EARTH GT
    wind_6:        12"
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=5.3, TYPE=G8V
    fluxnum_2:     2
    fluxval_2:     F(2500)=8E-14

!

  targnum:         5
    name_1:        GANYMEDE-CALIB
    descr_1:       SATELLITE GANYMEDE
    lev1_1:        ^
    lev2_1:        STD = GANYMEDE
    wind_1:        OLG OF GANYMEDE BETWEEN 45 135
    wind_2:        SEP OF GANYMEDE CALLISTO FROM EARTH GT
    wind_3:        12",
    wind_4:        SEP OF GANYMEDE EUROPA FROM EARTH GT
    wind_5:        12",
    wind_6:        SEP OF GANYMEDE IO FROM EARTH GT 12"
    comment_1:     GANYMEDE'S LEADING HEMISPHERE IS 2X >
    comment_2:     THAN TRAILING HEMISPHERE IN THE UV.
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxval_1:     V=4.6, TYPE=G8V
    fluxnum_2:     2
    fluxval_2:     F(2116)=9E-14
    fluxnum_3:     3
    fluxval_3:     F(2500)=24E-14

!
! end of solar system targets

! No generic target records found

exposure_logsheet:

    linenum:       1.000
    targname:      IO-EAST
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  5 S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxnum_2:     2
    priority:      1
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE =5,
    param_3:       FAINT = 160, BRIGHT = 3200,
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.5;
    req_2:         CYCLE 2 / 1-13;

!

    linenum:       1.500
    targname:      IO-EAST
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  52.8 S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxnum_2:     2
    priority:      1
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE =1,
    param_2:       LOCATE=NO,
    param_3:       FAINT = 0,
    param_4:       MAP = END-POINT
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2 - 4;
    comment_1:     IMPLEMENTING THE FOLLOWING EXPOSURES
    comment_2:     WILL REQUIRE GUIDE-STAR HAND-OFF
    comment_3:     CAPABILITY.

!

    linenum:       2.000
    targname:      IO-EAST
    config:        FOS/BL
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2227-3306
    num_exp:       5
    time_per_exp:  4M
    s_to_n:        50
    fluxnum_1:     2
    priority:      1

!

    linenum:       3.000
    targname:      EUROPA-EAST
    config:        FOS/BL
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2227-3306
    num_exp:       5
    time_per_exp:  2M
    s_to_n:        35
    fluxnum_1:     2
    priority:      1

!

    linenum:       4.000
    targname:      GANYMEDE-CALIB
    config:        FOS/BL
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2227-3306
    num_exp:       5
    time_per_exp:  2M
    s_to_n:        50
    fluxnum_1:     3
    priority:      1

!

    linenum:       5.000
    targname:      IO-WEST
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  5 S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxnum_2:     2
    priority:      2
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE =5,
    param_3:       FAINT = 160, BRIGHT = 3200,
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5.5;

!

    linenum:       5.500
    targname:      IO-WEST
    config:        HRS
    opmode:        ACQ
    aperture:      2.0
    sp_element:    MIRROR-N2
    num_exp:       1
    time_per_exp:  52.8 S
    fluxnum_1:     1
    fluxnum_2:     2
    priority:      2
    param_1:       SEARCH-SIZE =1,
    param_2:       LOCATE=NO,
    param_3:       FAINT = 0,
    param_4:       MAP = END-POINT
    req_1:         ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6 - 13;
    comment_1:     IMPLEMENTING THE FOLLOWING EXPOSURES
    comment_2:     WILL REQUIRE GUIDE-STAR HAND-OFF
    comment_3:     CAPABILITY.

!

    linenum:       6.000
    targname:      IO-WEST
    config:        FOS/BL
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2227-3306
    num_exp:       5
    time_per_exp:  4M
    s_to_n:        50
    fluxnum_1:     2
    priority:      2

!

    linenum:       13.000
    targname:      EUROPA-WEST
    config:        FOS/BL
    opmode:        ACCUM
    aperture:      4.3
    sp_element:    G270H
    wavelength:    2227-3306
    num_exp:       5
    time_per_exp:  2M
    s_to_n:        35
    fluxnum_1:     2
    priority:      2

!
! end of exposure logsheet

! No scan data records found