Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 3307c Report Date: 09-May-96:18:23 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: URANUS AND NEPTUNE BELOW 3000 A: CYCLE 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID SOLAR SYSTEM GTO/OS 1290 Sub Category GIANT PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone John J. Caldwell YORK UNIVERSITY CANADA (416)665-5449 PROFESSOR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Both these planets will be observed spectroscopically from 1515 to 2280 A to search for atmospheric absorption features, including such possible trace gas constituents as C2H2, and also for H2 auroral emission. For Neptune, the auroral search would be in the discovery mode. For Uranus, there are already indications from other wavelengths that there is an aurora there, and the HST observations will follow the Voyager encounter, so the Uranian observations will be to improve the understanding of an established phenomenon. A complementary ultraviolet image of Uranus will be obtained, to look for structure that may be associated with the reflection spectrum. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: URANUS, NEPTUNE, ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, AURORAE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 5.75 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 2 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 3307c PI: John J. Caldwell Proposal Title: URANUS AND NEPTUNE BELOW 3000 A: CYCLE 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ John J. Caldwell YORK UNIVERSITY CANADA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. For each planet, any interactive acquisition image will be taken with the PC, and then FOS and HRS spectra will be taken. The spectra must await the results of the SV test "Spectrograph Red Leak Test," however. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. ST observations are required for their access to the ultraviolet. Previous space craft attempts to make these observations have been hopelessly inadequate because of low signal levels. Ground-based observations are s imply not relevant. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. Interactive acquisitions are needed. Otherwise, there are not special scheduling requirements. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. There are no special requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Spectra will be divided by a published solar spectrum to generate an albedo curve, which will then be examined for evidence of absorption by specific molecules, of which C(sub)2H(sub)2 is the most prominent candidate, and for evidence of continuum absorption, which would probably be attributed to an aerosol. It is well known what the albedo of a clear atmosphere should be. The Uranus image will be examined for evidence of non-uniformdistribution in the continuum absorber. Toward 1600 A, auroral emission from H(sub)2 is possible. This is quickly revealed in albedo curves, because the planetary emission is much higher than any physically realistic albedo could produce. Neptune's albe do curve will be examined for any evidence of this emission. To date, there have been no detections of auroral activity on that planet by any observational technique. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. No additional requirements. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). We have a dedicated SUN computer for data reduction. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. FOS and HRS spectra of both planets from 1515 to 2280 A will be examined both for auroral emission and atmospheric absorption features. The latter potentially include C2H2. A complementary ultraviolet image of Uranus will also be obtained. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Page 3 Name: JOHN J. CALDWELL Category: PI Institution: YORK UNIVERSITY Address: City: State: Zip Code: Country: Telephone: Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 3307c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: URANUS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET URANUS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = URANUS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |V=5.5 | 2 |F(1800)=8E-15 | 3 |F(2200)=2E-13 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 2 | TARGET NAME: NEPTUNE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET NEPTUNE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = NEPTUNE | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | WND1=22-MAY-91 TO 20-AUG-91 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |V=7.7 | 2 |F(1800)=1.3E-15 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 3307c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 URANUS PC IMAGE ANY F555W 1 15S 1 1 CYCLE 2 / 1-4 INT ACQ FOR 2-3 GUID TOL 0.02" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 URANUS FOS/BL ACCUM 4.3 G190H 1900 5 6M 40 2 1 GUID TOL 0.1" Comments: DEPENDS ON THE SV "SPECTROGRAPH RED LEAK TEST" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 URANUS HRS ACCUM 2.0 G140L 1657 8 15M 6 2 1 GUID TOL 0.05" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 URANUS FOC/ IMAGE 512X512 F220W 1 15M 30 3 1 GROUP 2 - 4 WITHIN 288 4D GUID TOL 0.01" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 3307c [ 6] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations PC FOS/BL HRS FOC/288 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GTO/OS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 5.75 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category SOLAR SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category GIANT PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements CYCLE 2 / 1-4; INT ACQ FOR 2-3; GUID TOL 0.02" GUID TOL 0.1" GUID TOL 0.05" GROUP 2 - 4 WITHIN 4D; GUID TOL 0.01" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F555W G190H G140L F220W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names URANUS NEPTUNE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------