Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 3256c Report Date: 09-May-96:18:17 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: X-RAY BINARIES - CYCLE 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS GTO/HSP 1097 Sub Category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Robert C. Bless WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF USA (608)262-1715 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract The extreme conditions existing in the near vicinity of neutron stars which are the secondaries in close binaries provide a laboratory in which we may observationally confirm or refine many of our basic theories of astrophysics. This program will monitor the photometric and polarimetric light curves of X-ray binaries at several different phases of the binary orbit in several different wavelength bands in the UV. The results will be related to the structure of, and physical conditions existing in, the gas streams (and possibly, the accretion disk) in these systems. Revision History: Received on RPS 9/1/89; Added to SCCS 9/5/89 RPSS V7.2 remote & local; Small syntax errs corrected - SALM 9/12/89 Gyros and other changes - Dolan 9/29/89; Move GX339-4 to cycle2, reduce repeats to 4 every 0.93D, coarse track - SALM 2/15/90; Condense POL observations - SALM 2/22/90; Move GX339-4 & A0538-66 to cycle2 - SALM 3/20/90; Edited by cycle per USB order - SALM 5/10/90; Change PEAKUP to ACQ - SALM 6/8/90; Changed some "^"s and "#"s - SALM 6/21,25/90; Fixed logic errors--BJW 6/26/90; ACQ/SEQ errors - SALM 6/29/90; added data format analog for acqs.--BJW 7/5/90; removed GYROHOLD from acqs.--BJW 7/11/90; Revised earlier changes made to SEQ--BJW 7/31/90; Added repeats, exp. time to POL observations--BJW 8/20/90; Changes made at request of Joe Dolan-- BJW 8/27/90, 9/19/90; cycle0 changes--BJW 1/10/91; Changed cycle 1 to ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: X-RAY BINARIES: NEUTRON STARS: BLACK HOLES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 20.00 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 10 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. Special sched req: Real Time obs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 3256c PI: Robert C. Bless Proposal Title: X-RAY BINARIES - CYCLE 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ G. W. Van Citters NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION USA Robert C. Bless WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF USA Joseph F. Dolan NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT USA CENTER James L. Elliot MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF USA TECHNOLOGY Edward L. Robinson TEXAS, UNIVERSITY OF USA Richard L. White SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. The photometric and polarimetric light curves of each target will be built up by measuring the magnitude and linear polarization of the system in several different wavelength bands at several different phases in one orbit. Investigation of temporal variations in any gas stream will require observations over several different orbits. Some of these systems undergo substantial luminosity changes in the optical or X-ray region of the spectrum; the observations will be repeated for each different luminosity state the system assumes. Cycle 0 (SV/GTO) observations: Exposure lines 37 to 41.84 on 1 month centers Cycle 1 (SV/GTO) observations: Exposure lines 42.9-47.75 and 55-60 on 1 month centers ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. UV radiation is believed to originate closer to the accretion disk around the secondary in X-ray binaries than does longer wavelength optical radiation. Hence, observations in the UV, accessible only to ST, will probe a different region of the gas streams between the stars than can be done in the optical. It is expected that the results will be more directly relatable to the conditions existing near the neutron star. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. The observations must be correlated with the period of the binary to obtain the desired light curves. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Given scattering from gas streams, the polarimetric (q, u) plot can determine the location of the stream relative to the line of centers and the orbital plane and the eccentricity of the scattering location's orbit about the primary (Dolan and Tapie, Astron. Ap., 139, 249, 1984; Dolan, Astron. Ap., 138, 1, 1984; and references cited therein). The phases at which photometric and polarimetric variability occur provide the longitudinal location of the gas streams; the magnitude of the varitions cn be related to the total amount of material in the stream. The ionization state of the stream can be determined from the dependence of the polarimetric variability on wavelength: Rayleigh scattering varies as the inverse 4th power of the wavelength and indicates neutral atoms as the scattering agents; Thomson scattering is independent of wavelength and indicate free electrons (i.e., ionized atoms) as the scattering agents. Variations in phase of features on the photometric and polarimetric light curves from orbit to orbit will indicate temporal changes in position of the scattering region in the gas streams. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. The X-ray binaries program is directly related to the first scientific objective listed in the HSP CEI specifications, "determination of the properties of ... X- ray binaries, gas streams and accretion disks in compact binary systems", and to the fifth scientific objective, "determination of the wavelength and time dependence of polarization in compact binaries". ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. Photometric and polarimetric light curves of X-ray binaries will be established at several different UV wavelengths. Changes in these light curves will be monitored as a function of the luminosity state of the system. The results will be related to the structure of, and physical conditions in, the gas streams and accretion disk in these close binaries. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: ROBERT C. BLESS Category: PI Institution: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN Address: SPACE ASTRONOMY LAB. 1150 UNIVERSITY AVE. City: MADISON State: WI Zip Code: 53706 Country: USA Telephone: 608-262-1715 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: JOSEPH F. DOLAN Category: CON Institution: NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER Address: CODE 681 City: GREENBELT State: MD Zip Code: 20771 Country: USA Telephone: (301)286-5920 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 3256c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 X-PER X-RAY BINARY RA = 03H 55M 22.997S +/- 2000 1 V=6 4U0352+30 0.1S, DEC = +31D 02' 44.975" +/- 1" Comments: SAO 56815 POSREF = SAO CATALOG, WITH PM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 3256c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.5 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ DATA- 1 24S 6 1 # ACQ2 UV2 FORMAT=ANALOG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.6 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ DATA- 1 24S 6 1 # ACQP POL FORMAT=ANALOG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.7 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ DATA- 1 1M # 1 # CTR2 UV2 FORMAT=ANALOG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.9 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ DATA- 1 1M # 1 # CTRP POL FORMAT=ANALOG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.95 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ DATA- 1 1M # 1 # CTR1 UV1 FORMAT=ANALOG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F145M SAMPLE- 1 20S 100 1 # FIRST UV2 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ^ # ^ ^ ^ F184W ^ ^ ^ ^ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 ^ # ^ ^ ^ F284M ^ ^ ^ ^ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 ^ # ^ ^ ^ F248M ^ ^ ^ ^ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F220W SAMPLE- 1 20S 100 1 # FIRST1 UV1 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE POL0 # SAMPLE-TIME=0.1 ^ 30S ^ # SEQ 6-9 NO GAP POL POL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 ^ # ^ ^ POL90 # ^ ^ ^ ^ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE POL45 # SAMPLE-TIME=0.1 1 30S 100 1 # POL POL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 ^ # ^ ^ POL135 # ^ ^ ^ ^ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F248M SAMPLE- 1 20S 100 1 # REP UV2 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 54.9 USE X-PER 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 55 ACQ2 CYCLE 2 / 54.9- 60.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55 USE X-PER 2 SEQ 54.9-59.025 NO FIRST GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55.1 USE ^ 15 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR CTR1 0.3S 55.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 3256c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55.5 USE ^ 2 FIRST1 Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55.7 USE X-PER 15 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 56 CTRP 0.1S -59.025 GUID TOL 0.020" / 55.7-59.025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56 USE POL ^ F216M ^ Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56.5 USE POL ^ F216M ^ Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 57 ^ ^ F237M ^ Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 57.5 ^ ^ F237M ^ Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 58 ^ ^ F327M ^ Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 58.5 ^ ^ F327M ^ Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 59 USE POL X-PER F277M 2 Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 59.025 USE POL X-PER F277M 2 Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 59.05 USE ^ 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 59.1 AFTER 59.025 BY 90M +/- 15M GUID TOL 0.020" / 59.05-59.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 59.1 USE POL X-PER F277M 2 SEQ 59.05-60.000 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 59.5 USE ^ 15 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR CTR2 0.1S 60.000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 USE REP ^ ^ Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 3256c [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60.05 USE X-PER 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 60.055 REPEAT 60.05- 60.065 EVERY 90M + /- 15M FOR 13 MORE TIMES GUID TOL 0.020" / 60.05-60.060 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60.055 USE POL X-PER F277M 2 SEQ 60.050-60.065 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60.06 USE ^ 15 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR CTR2 0.1S 60.065 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60.065 USE REP ^ ^ Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60.1 USE X-PER 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 60.3 REPEAT 60.1-60.4 EVERY 58D +/- 1D FOR 13 MORE TIMES GUID TOL 0.020" / Comments: THIS SET OF EXPOSURES SHOULD 60.1-60.3 START 58 DAYS +/- 1 DAY AFTER SEQ 60.1-60.4 NO 60.065 GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60.3 USE POL ^ F277M ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60.35 USE ^ 15 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR CTR2 0.1S 60.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60.4 USE REP X-PER 2 Comments: GYROHOLD. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 3256c [ 8] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations HSP/UV2 HSP/POL HSP/UV1 ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ SINGLE ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters DATA-FORMAT=ANALOG SAMPLE-TIME=0.0000108 SAMPLE-TIME=0.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GTO/HSP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 20.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements SEQ 6-9 NO GAP; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 55; CYCLE 2 / 54.9-60.4; SEQ 54.9-59.025 NO GAP; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 55.5; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 56-59.025; GUID TOL 0.020" / 55.7-59.025; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 59.1; AFTER 59.025 BY 90M +/- 15M; GUID TOL 0.020" / 59.05-59.1; SEQ 59.05-60.000 NO GAP; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 60.000; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 60.055; REPEAT 60.05-60.065 EVERY 90M +/- 15M FOR 13 MORE TIMES; GUID TOL 0.020" / 60.05-60.060; SEQ 60.050-60.065 NO GAP; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 60.065; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 60.3; REPEAT 60.1-60.4 EVERY 58D +/- 1D GUID TOL 0.020" / 60.1-60.3; SEQ 60.1-60.4 NO GAP; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 60.4; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F145M F184W F284M F248M F220W # F216M F237M F327M F277M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names X-PER 4U0352+30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------