Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 2591c Report Date: 09-May-96:17:14 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: ELLIPTICALS WITH KINEMATICALLY-DISTINCT NUCLEI ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID GALAXIES & CLUSTERS GO Sub Category NUCLEI/CORES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Prof. Garth D. Illingworth CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF, S USA 408-459-2843 PROFESSOR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract The recent discovery by Franx and Illingworth of a kinematically-distinct stellar component in the nucelus of the giant radio elliptical IC 1459, and the confirmation by several groups that such components are quite common, has added a valuable diagnostic tool for understanding the structure and the formation of ellipticals. Thirteen examples are now known, from a sample of nearly 50 ellipticals. Several, like IC 1459, have counter-rotating subcomponents, and one, NGC 4406, in which the angular momenta of the distinct core and the other envelope are orthogonal, could well be an example of an elliptical whose rotation axis is along the long axis. These substantial (=10^10 Mo for IC 1459) components are likely to be valuable diagnostics of the dynamical state of the nuclei of ellipticals. Further study will address their formation by investigating whether these components could be the end result of a "starburst" event, or of the accretion and settling of a stellar companion, or of the merging of primordial subclumps. We propose to take advantage of the high resolution imaging capability of HST through a PC multicolor imaging program of 3 examples that are not part of the GTO PC imaging program, with the goal of elucidating the properties of these components and the nuclei within which they reside. These data are an essential complement to an extensive ongoing ground-based spectroscopic and CCD imaging program. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: GALAXY TYPE: ELLIPTICAL GALAXY; ACTIVE GALAXIES: RADIO GALAXY; GALACTIC STRUCTURE: NUCELUS; ASTROPHYSICS: KINEMATICS, DYNAMICS, FORMATI ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 5.30 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 6 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: WF/PC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 2591c PI: Prof. Garth D. Illingworth Proposal Title: ELLIPTICALS WITH KINEMATICALLY-DISTINCT NUCLEI ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ P.I. Garth D. Illingworth CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF, SANTA USA CRUZ Marijn Franx CFA USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. Revised Section 3 -- short description of program. Three galaxies are to be studied with the PC -- with PC 7 in particular. The galaxy nuclei will be centered in PC7, but the data from all 4 PC CCDs will be needed. We have carefully evaluated the central surface brightnesses of the 3 galaxies from ground-based surface photometry. We have listed these in the target list. It is important to realize, however, that these sources are extended and have a range of surface brightnesses that are of interest. For example, there may very well be bright cusps in the nuclei. Therefor we have chosen to take a range of integration times. This will ensure that we have usable data in the nuclei if the longer integrations saturate. The longest exposures will ensure us that we obtain high S/N at a radius of 1 arcsec from the nucleus (where the surface brightness is lower than those in the target list). Furthermore, they will allow us to detect the surface brightness fluctuations caused by ABG stars; hence they are very valuable. For all three galaxies, we take 3 exposures in V(=F555W) and I (=F785LP). The typical S/N for these exposures are 20, 70, and 130, using the fluxes given in the target list. We supplement these with one exposure in B (=F439W) for each galaxy, giving a typical S/N of 15, about equal to the S/N of the shortest exposures in V and I. If the sensitivity of the PC turns out to be very different from the anticipated values, it will probably be necessary to set up new exposure sequences; as simple scaling of the integration times will not give optimal use of telescope time. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: GARTH ILLINGWORTH Category: PI Institution: LICK OBSERVATORY Address: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA City: SANTA CRUZ State: CA Zip Code: 95064 Country: USA Telephone: Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 2591c [ 3] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 IC1459 GALAXY; TYPE=E; NUCLEUS RA = 22H 54M 23.1S +/- 1950.0 V = 1647 1 SURF(V) = 15.50 +/- 1.0 3", 2 SURF(I) = 14.50 +/- 1.0 DEC = -36D 43' 47" +/- 2" 3 SURF(B) = 16.30 +/- 1.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC4406 GALAXY; TYPE=E; NUCLEUS RA = 12H 23M 39.7S +/- 1950.0 V = -221 1 SURF(V) = 15.80 +/- 1.0 3", 2 SURF(I) = 14.80 +/- 1.0 DEC = +13D 13' 24" +/- 2" 3 SURF(B) = 16.60 +/- 1.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC4365 GALAXY; TYPE=E; NUCLEUS RA = 12H 21M 55.0S +/- 1950.0 V = 1240 1 SURF(V) = 16.30 +/- 1.0 3", 2 SURF(I) = 15.30 +/- 1.0 DEC = +07D 35' 42" +/- 2" 3 SURF(B) = 17.10 +/- 1.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 2591c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 IC1459 PC IMAGE P7 F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20S 20 1 1 GUID TOL 0.030" / PRE-FLASH=YES 1-21 NON-INT / 1-21 Comments: LINES 1-21 USE CENTER OF PC 7 -- SAME POS FOR 2-7 AS 1 DESIRABLE --EXPOSURES 1-5 FIT IN ONE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 1 200S 70 1 1 SAME POS FOR 2 AS 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 ^ ^ ^ ^ F785LP ^ 1 30S 20 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 1 300S 70 2 1 SAME POS FOR 4 AS 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 ^ ^ ^ ^ F439W ^ 1 225S 15 3 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 ^ ^ ^ ^ F555W ^ 1 1000S 130 1 1 Comments: EXPOSURES 6-7 FIT IN ONE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 ^ ^ ^ ^ F785LP ^ 1 1400S 130 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 NGC4406 PC IMAGE P7 F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20S 20 1 1 PRE-FLASH=YES Comments: SAME POS FOR 9-14 AS 8 DESIRABLE -- EXPOSURES 8-12 FIT IN ONE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 1 200S 60 1 1 SAME POS FOR 9 AS 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 NGC4406 PC IMAGE P7 F785LP CR-SPLIT=NO 1 30S 20 2 1 PRE-FLASH=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 1 300S 60 2 1 SAME POS FOR 11 AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 ^ ^ ^ ^ F439W ^ 1 225S 15 3 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 ^ ^ ^ ^ F555W ^ 1 1000S 130 1 1 Comments: EXPOSURES 13-14 FIT IN ONE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 ^ ^ ^ ^ F785LP ^ 1 1400S 130 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 NGC4365 PC IMAGE P7 F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20S 15 1 1 PRE-FLASH=YES Comments: SAME POS FOR 16-21 AS 15 DESIRABLE -- EXPOSURES 15-18 FIT IN ONE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 2591c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 1 400S 60 1 1 SAME POS FOR 16 AS 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 ^ ^ ^ ^ F785LP ^ 1 30S 15 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 1 600S 60 2 1 SAME POS FOR 18 AS 17 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 ^ ^ ^ ^ F439W ^ 1 500S 15 3 1 Comments: EXPOSURES 19-21 FIT IN ONE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 NGC4365 PC IMAGE P7 F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 650S 80 1 1 PRE-FLASH=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 ^ ^ ^ ^ F785LP ^ 1 1000S 80 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 2591c [ 6] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations PC ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT PRE-FLASH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 5.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category GALAXIES & CLUSTERS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category NUCLEI/CORES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements GUID TOL 0.030" / 1-21; NON-INT / 1-21; SAME POS FOR 2 AS 1 SAME POS FOR 4 AS 3 SAME POS FOR 9 AS 8 SAME POS FOR 11 AS 10 SAME POS FOR 16 AS 15 SAME POS FOR 18 AS 17 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F555W ^ F785LP F439W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names IC1459 NGC4406 NGC4365 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------