Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 1274c Report Date: 09-May-96:16:24 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: A SEARCH FOR PLANETS AROUND NEARBY STARS - CYCLE 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID STELLAR POPULATIONS GTO/FOC Sub Category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Cesare Barbieri PADOVA, UNIVERSITY OF ITALY 049-661499 PROFESSOR OF ASTRONO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract We propose to take advantage of the very high resolution, sensitivity and attenuation capabilities of the FOC in its coronographic mode to search for planets of other stars, in order to get direct proof of their existence and to obtain data on the formation of planetary systems. Stars like Eps Eri and Barnard's are prime candidates for this search, because they are close to the Sun and their motion seems to be perturbed by unseen low-mass companions. The FOC is very suited to carry out the search, thanks to the photon counting capabilities, to the high attenuation of the coronograph, and to the small pixel size resolving the structure of the PSF of the bright primary star. A roll-blinking technique will be used to improve the detection capabilities. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS; SUB-STELLAR MASS COMPANIONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 24.00 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 19 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 1274c PI: Cesare Barbieri Proposal Title: A SEARCH FOR PLANETS AROUND NEARBY STARS - CYCLE 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ A. Labeyrie CERGA FRANCE X Cesare Barbieri PADOVA, UNIVERSITY OF ITALY X A. Nota ESA, EUROPEAN SPACE OPERATIONS ITALY X CENTRE H. Zinnecker ROYAL OBSERVATORY, EDINBURGH UNITED KING X ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. This program is a very difficult one; being largely of exploratory nature it requires a flexible schedule, with real time decisions. Because the objects we are looking for are extremely faint, the finalisation of the observing strategy depends on the actual performance of ST+FOC+HRA, namely on the results of the SV phase. These considerations mean that the targets, exposure times and priorities in the Exposure Logsheets are our present best guesses. The target list comprises a few more objects than observable in the allocated time of 24h, in order to incorporate in the final scheme information that might come in the near future from ground observations. The total exposure time in the logsheet (26.8h instead of 24h) is determined by the inclusion of Prior.3 targets that may substitute for others not feasible in the GTO. The observing procedure ROLL is described in detail in Sect.2. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. ST is necessary to: -provide the highest contrast star/companion, -reach the 27th-28th V-mag Diffraction-limited performances, absence of atmospheric turbulence and diffuse luminosity, extremely accurate tracking all are requisite for a successfull outcome of this program. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. The program is largely of exploratory nature; it also requires a very precise centering of the bright star under the coronographic finger. Real-time examination and decisions during at least the first exposures (for each target) are therefore required. Dark time is absolutely necessary. Flexible schedule is desirable to accomodate unforeseen discoveries (such as a companion much brighter than expected). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. Dark time absolutely necessary in order to reach the faintest magnitudes and to be able to properly cancel the wings of the bright star luminosity profile ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Real-time analysis is particularly important to: properly center the star under the finger; decide on any correction; quickly rotate and add and subtract sub- exposures; evaluate the statistical significance of any clump of photons indicating the presence of a faint companion; decide on the continuation or not of an exposure; etc. Off-line analysis includes refined algorithms for best geometrical and photometric operations; evaluation of celestial coordinates; etc. This complex of operations should be carried out as quickly as possible not only for a particular target, but also to optimize the following observations. Therefore it is likely that a lengthy stay at the StSci and an heavy use of its image-processing facilities are required. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. The program aims at the direct detection of sub-stellar companions of nearby stars like EPS-ERI and Barnard's, by making use of the diffraction figure of ST and of the high resolution, sensitivity and attenuation capability of the FOC/288 HRA mode. A ST roll-blinking technique can be used to improve the detection capabilities. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). VAXES and MIDAS, + STARLINK + ASTRONET, HP1000+ IHAP available to PI and coworkers ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. We propose to search for planets around nearby stars with the FOC in its coronographic configuration. A roll-blinking technique will be used to improve the detection capabilities. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: CESARE BARBIERI Category: PI Institution: ISTITUTO DI ASTRONOMIA Address: UNIVERSITA DI PADOVA VICOLO DELL OSSERVATORIO, 5 35122 City: PADOVA State: Zip Code: Country: ITALY Telephone: 049-661499 Telex (or e-mail): 430176 UNIPADU I ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 1274c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD9826 NEARBY BRIGHT STAR RA = 1H 36M 47.848S +/- 2000 V=-28 1 V=24+/-1 UPSILON-AND V=4.2, GO V 0.022S, DEC = +41D 24' 21.22" +/- 0.33" Comments: FLUX REFERS TO PLANETARY COMPANION Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.0115 +/- 0.0002 -0.3565 +/- 0.0030 0.0620 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD10700 TAU- NEARBY BRIGHT STAR RA = 1H 41M 44.660S +/- 1950 V=-16 1 V=23+/-1 CET V=3.5, KO V 0.05S, DEC = -16D 12' 00.5" +/- 0.5" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.1147 +/- 0.0002 0.8580 +/- 0.0030 0.2770 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HD19373 IOTA NEARBY BRIGHT STAR RA = 3H 05M 26.709S +/- 1950 V=+50 1 V=24+/-1 -PER V=4.2, GO V 0.05S, DEC = +49D 25' 26.63" +/- 0.5" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 0.0843 +/- 0.0000 -0.0780 +/- 0.0030 0.0860 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HD22049 EPS- NEARBY BRIGHT RA = 3H 30M 34.355S +/- 1950 V=+16 1 V=23+/-1 ERI ASTROMETRIC 0.05S, BINARY,V=3.7, K2 DEC = -9D 37' 34.76" +/- VE 0.5" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.0653 +/- 0.0002 0.0190 +/- 0.0030 0.3020 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 HD23817 BETA NEARBY BRIGHT RA = 3H 44M 12.055S +/- 2000 V=+51 1 V=23+/-1 -RET ASTROMETRIC 0.022S, BINARY,V=3.8, KO DEC = -64D 48' 25.38" +/- 0.33" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 0.0211 +/- 0.0002 0.0727 +/- 0.0030 0.0490 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 HD95735 NEARBY STAR, RA = 11H 00M 36.598S +/- 1950 V=-84 1 V=27+/-1 LALANDE21185 ASTROMETRIC 0.05S, BINARY.V=7.5,M2-V DEC = +36D 18' 20.29" +/- 0.5" Comments: HIGH PM Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.0377 +/- 0.0002 -4.7430 +/- 0.0030 0.3970 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 V645-CEN NEAREST STAR,V=10,M5-E RA = 14H 26M 19S +/- 0.05S, 1950 V=-16 1 V=30+/-1 PROXIMA-CEN DEC = -62D 28' 06" +/- 0.5" TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 1274c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.2513 +/- 0.0007 0.7900 +/- 0.0100 0.7610 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 BD+68D946 NEARBY ASTROM. BINARY RA = 17H 36M 42.350S +/- 1950 V=-22 1 V=27+/-1 V=9.5, M3V 0.05S, DEC = +68D 23' 06.74" +/- 0.5" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.0243 +/- 0.0002 -1.2580 +/- 0.0030 0.2130 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 VYS799 NEARBY HIGH VELOCITY RA = 17H 55M 22.7S +/- 1950 V=-108 1 V=28+/-1 BARNARDS- ASTROM. BIN.,V=9.5,M5 0.05S, STAR V DEC = +4D 33' 15.5" +/- 0.5" Comments: PARTICULARLY HIGH PROPER MOTION Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.0500 +/- 0.0007 10.3100 +/- 0.0100 0.5520 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 BD+43D4305 NEARBY ASTROMETRIC RA = 22H 44M 41.28S +/- 1950 V=-2 1 V=26+/-1 BINARY, V=10.2, M4-5E 0.05S, DEC = +44D 04' 44.8" +/- 0.5" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.0460 +/- 0.0007 -0.4600 +/- 0.0100 0.1950 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 ROSS248 NEARBY ASTROMETRIC RA = 23H 41M 54.881S +/- 2000 V=-81 1 V=23+/-1 BINARY, V=12.3, M6E 0.022S, DEC = +44D 11' 03.57" +/- 0.33" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1984.65 0.0073 +/- 0.0007 -1.6000 +/- 0.0100 0.3180 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 VYS782-C VB8 NEARBY ASTROMETRIC RA = 16H 52M 55S +/- 0.05S, 1950 1 V=25+/-1 BINARY, V=16.7, M7 DEC = -8D 18' 12" +/- 0.5" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.0533 +/- 0.0007 -0.8600 +/- 0.0100 0.1610 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 VYS65-B VB10 NEARBY ASTROMETRIC RA = 19H 14M 32S +/- 0.05S, 1950 1 V=25+/-1 BINARY, V=17.4, M7 DEC = +5D 04' 42" +/- 0.5" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 -0.0307 +/- 0.0007 -1.4200 +/- 0.0100 0.1730 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 HD20794 82- NEARBY BRIGHT STAR, RA = 3H 19M 55.6S +/- 0.05S, 2000 V=+87 1 V=24+/-1 ERI HIGH VELOCITY,V=4.3,G8 DEC = -43D 04' 11" +/- 0.5" III TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 1274c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 0.2027 +/- 0.0002 0.7480 +/- 0.0030 0.1620 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 HD209100 NEARBY BRIGH STAR, HIGH RA = 22H 03M 21.645S +/- 2000 V=-40 1 V=24+/-1 EPSILON-IND VELOCITY, V=4.7,K4 0.022S, -5 V DEC = -56D 47' 9.82" +/- 0.33" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 0.2627 +/- 0.0002 -2.5357 +/- 0.0030 0.2900 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 HD13445 NEARBY BRIGH STAR, HIGH RA = 2H 08M 25S +/- 0.05S, 2000 1 V=25+/-1 VELOCITY, V=6.1,K1 DEC = -51D 04' 06" +/- 0.5" V Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 0.1410 +/- 0.0002 0.6550 +/- 0.0030 0.0900 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 HD33793 NEARBY STAR HIGH RA = 5H 09M 41S +/- 0.05S, 2000 1 V=24+/-1 VELOCITY,V=8.8,M5 DEC = -44D 59' 54" +/- 0.5" Comments: FLUX DATA IN COL 10 OF LINE 1-18 HIGHLY UNCERTAIN,IN SOME CASES GUESSED FROM EXPECTED MASS OF COMPANION. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 0.4397 +/- 0.0002 -5.7020 +/- 0.0030 0.2560 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 GL623 NEARBY STAR HIGH RA = 16H 22M 39.0S +/- 1950 1 V=24+/-1 VELOCITY,V=10.3 0.05S, DEC = +48D 28' 24" +/- 0.5" Comments: FLUX DATA IN COL 10 OF LINE 1-18 HIGHLY UNCERTAIN,IN SOME CASES GUESSED FROM EXPECTED MASS OF COMPANION. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B 1950.00 0.0767 +/- 0.0007 -0.4600 +/- 0.0100 0.1380 +/- 0.0050 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 BARNARD- BACKGR. FIELD FOR RA = 17H 55M 20.7S +/- 0.1S, 1950 FIELD BARNARD'S DEC = +04D 44' 8.0" +/- 1.0" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 1274c [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 73 GL623 FOC/96 IMAGE 512X512 F486N 6 10M 1 DARK TIME CYCLE 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 74 VYS65-B FOC/96 IMAGE 512X512 F480LP 5 10M 1 DARK TIME CYCLE 0 / 74,76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 76 VYS782-C FOC/96 IMAGE 512X512 F480LP 5 10M 1 DARK TIME ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 1274c [ 8] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOC/96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GTO/FOC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 24.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category STELLAR POPULATIONS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements DARK TIME; CYCLE 0 CYCLE 0 / 74,76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F486N F480LP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HD9826 UPSILON-AND HD10700 TAU-CET HD19373 IOTA-PER HD22049 EPS-ERI HD23817 BETA-RET HD95735 LALANDE21185 V645-CEN PROXIMA-CEN BD+68D946 VYS799 BARNARDS-STAR BD+43D4305 ROSS248 VYS782-C VB8 VYS65-B VB10 HD20794 82-ERI HD209100 EPSILON-IND HD13445 HD33793 GL623 BARNARD-FIELD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------