Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 1186c Report Date: 09-May-96:16:17 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: IMAGERY AND UV SPECTROSCOPY OF MATTER EJECTED FROM ETA CARINAE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS GTO/HRS Sub Category HOT STARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Dr. Dennis C. Ebbets BALL AEROSPACE CORPORATION USA (303) 939-5964 PRIN MEM TECH STAFF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract The Planetary Camera and the High Resolution Spectrograph will be used to study the knots of material which have been ejected from Eta Carinae. Two sets of PC images in the light of H-Alpha will be taken at widely separated epochs. Analysis of the images will provide new information about the distribution, morphology and motions of the ejecta. Ultraviolet spectra of two bright knots will be obtained with the HRS. The spectral region 1150-1950A will be observed with configuration G140L, allowing emission line fluxes, profiles, and velocities to be studied. A signal to noise ratio of 25 in the brighter lines is anticipated. Searches for as yet undetected lines of carbon and oxygen will be possible to much fainter limits on the fluxes. REVISED 7/20/88 FOR PHASE 2 UPDATED 9/15/89 FOR CYCLE 1 PHASE 2 WF/PC images revised 10/89 REVISED 11/16/90 FOR CYCLE 0 WFC AND PC IMAGES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: STELLAR EVOLUTION, MASS LOSS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 5.37 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 3 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 1186c PI: Dr. Dennis C. Ebbets Proposal Title: IMAGERY AND UV SPECTROSCOPY OF MATTER EJECTED FROM ETA CARINAE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dennis C. Ebbets BALL AEROSPACE CORPORATION USA Nolan R. Walborn SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE Kris Davidson UNIV OF MINNESOTA USA Archie Warnock NASA/GSFC USA Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. Two sets of observations will be made for this project. Images of the nebulosity surrounding Eta Carinae will be obtained using the Planetary Camera with H Alpha and R filters. Two sets of images will obtained, the first during cycle 0 of GTO observations, and a "second epoch" image during the last phase. The images will be used to study with high spatial resolution and sensitivity the distribution, morphology, and motions of the numerous knots of ejected material. The initial image will be used to measure the size and precise location of two bright knots, the "S" and "W" condensations, relative to nearby stars. These offsets will be used for target acquisition by the HRS. Both knots will be observed with the low resolution, R=2000, configuration, G140L. Ultraviolet spectra in the spectral range 1150-1950A will be obtained, with 3 carrousel settings. Signal to noise ratio of roughly 25 will be obtained in the brighter emission lines. The Large Science Aperture, 2.0 arcsec, will be used to maximize the flux and simplify target acquisiton. The HRS observations should be made during cycles 1 and 2. Cycle 0: exposures 8.5, 8.6, 9 1.52 hours priority 1 Cycle 1: exposures 10-16 1.65 hours priority 1 Cycle 2: exposures 17-23 1.65 hours priority 3 Cycle 3: exposure 24 0.55 hours priority 1 TOTAL = 5.37 hours Here is description of what we intend to mean with the pointing requests for the cycle 0 exposures, lines 4 - 9. For the two PC F336W exposures, lines 4 and 5, we would like the bright central object of Eta Carina placed at the center of P6. We do however want the data from all four chips. That is why we said "ALL" for the "aperture" and requested POS TARG -16.0,+16.0. The documentation indicates that P6 is the cosmetically best chip. In this wavelength band most of the interesting structure should be within a few arc seconds of the core. Centering in P6 gives us a full 16 arc second radius around the object without crossing a chip boundary. For the three red exposures, lines 6,7,8, we would like the bright central object to be placed near the center of the full four chip format, but all in one chip. The inner region is bright in the red, and there will probably be some saturation. By putting the bright object at -3.0,+3.0, any bleeding of columns will be confined to one chip. Fainter sources nearby will be on different chips, and should not be contaminated. For the two WFC images, lines 8.5 and 8.6, we would like the bright object on or near the ND spot. We recognize that the spherical aberation reduces the effectiveness of the spot, and that its position has not been carefully calibrated astrometrically. We understand that this pointing may not be terribly effective. However, it can't hurt the observation either, so... We would like to try for the spot and will accept whatever suppression of the bright light we get. We do not want to do an interactive target acquisition. In all three cases, when I refer to the bright central object, I mean target #1, ETA-CARINAE, on the fixed target list. Also note that my coinvestigator, Kris Davidson, has supplied Conrad Sturch with a special catalog of astrometric measurements from which the coordinates of the central object and guide stars must be extracted. Kris, Conrad and I have been discussing this for over two years, so Conrad is well aware of what's going on. The special catalog is designated ZZZQ. This special catalog should be used for all target positions. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. HRS will provide the spatial resolution, sensitivity, and spectral resolution to record the ultraviolet spectra of these faint objects. The most important lines of Nitrogen, Helium, and Silicon are found in this spectral region. Spectra have been obtained with the IUE, but are limited by the poor spatial resolution, low spectral resolution, and lower photometric accuracy of that instrument. The PC images will allow more precise measurements of the positions and proper motions of the ejecta, and will likely detect fainter material and smaller scale structures which have escaped detection by the previous ground based studies. Precise positions are required for an efficient HRS target acquisition to be planned. Page 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. An interval of several months is requested between the initial PC images and the HRS observations, to allow careful planning of the HRS target acquisition sequence. Two sets of PC images should be scheduled as early and as late in the GTO program as possible, to maximize the effect of proper motions of the ejecta. Kris Davidson's special catalog ZZZQ should be used for guide star selection. The WFC and PC images should be taken after the UV flood. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. The calibration and reduction of the PC images will be accomplished with RSDP, SDAS and GASP routines. The positions of astrometric standard stars (Walborn, Blanco, Thackeray 1978, Ap.J., 219, 498) and several stars closer to Eta Carinae will be measured from the WFC images (see comment 8 below). The closer stars will be used as fiducials for study of the proper motions of the ejecta, and as target acquisition offsets for the HRS. The PC R band and H Alpha images will be scaled and differenced to suppress continuum sources and emphasize material emitting in H Alpha. The knots of nebular material will be studied in these processed images. The HRS spectra will be processed with standard techniques using either RSDP or IDT facilities. Emission lines will be analyzed with respect to fluxes, line profiles, and radial velocities. Corrections for extinction will be applied where appropriate. The various ionization stages of nitrogen will be studied to estimate the abundance. Presently undetected lines of Carbon and Oxygen will be searched for, and fluxes, or at least upper limits, will be determined. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. D. Ebbets in involved with several other GTO projects ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). Access to data reduction, image analysis facilities, part-time research assistant, preparation of manuscript, support of publication costs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. First set of PC observations should be scheduled for cycle 0 interleaved SV-GTO time. HRS observations should be scheduled for cycles 1 and 2, beginning several months after the initial PC observations. Second epoch PC observations should be scheduled for cycle 3, during the final months of GTO time. Prerequisite SV tests: HRS-05.3 Mode II Target Acquisition - offset (or verification of non flight s/w offset capability) HRS-08 HRS Low Resolution Calibration ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. The knots of nebular material which appear to have been ejected from Eta Carinae will be studied using the Planetary camera and the High Resolution Spectrograph. PC images in the light of H Alpha taken at two widely separated epochs will allow the distribution, morphology, and proper motions of the ejecta to be studied. UV spectra in the range 1150-1950 A will be used to study the composition and nature of the "S" and "W" condensations. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: NOLAN R. WALBORN Category: CON Institution: SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE INSTITUTE Address: HOMEWOOD CAMPUS City: BALTIMORE State: MD Zip Code: 21218 Country: USA Telephone: (301) 338-4915 Telex (or e-mail): 6849101 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 5 Name: DENNIS C. EBBETS Category: PI Institution: BALL AEROSPACE SYSTEMS GROUP Address: HRS PROJECT AR-1 P.O. BOX 1062 City: BOULDER State: CO Zip Code: 80306 Country: USA Telephone: (303) 939-5964 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: KRIS DAVIDSON Category: CON Institution: UNIV. OF MINNESOTA Address: SCHOOL OF PHYS. AND ASTRON. 116 CHURCH ST SE City: MINNEAPOLIS State: MN Zip Code: 55455 Country: USA Telephone: (612) 624-5711 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: ARCHIE WARNOCK Category: CON Institution: NASA GSFC Address: CODE 681 City: GREENBELT State: MD Zip Code: 20771 Country: USA Telephone: (301) 286-8968 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 1186c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 ETA-CARINAE CENTRAL OBJECT RA = 10H 45M 03.615S +/- 2000 HD93308 0.1S, DEC = -59D 41' 03.96" +/- 0.5", PLATE-ID=ZZZQ Comments: COORDINATES OF CENTRAL OBJECT FROM DAVIDSON'S CCD ASTROMETRY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 S- KNOT OF EJECTED MATTER RA = 10H 43M 05.608S +/- 1950 EXT 1 F-LINE(1240)=1.5E-13 CONDENSATION 0.02S, BKG 2 F-LINE(1486)=1.5E-13 DEC = -59D 25' 19.72" +/- 3 F-LINE(1749)=2.6E-13 0.1", PLATE-ID=ZZZQ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 W- ^ RA = 10H 43M 05.491S +/- ^ ^ 1 F-LINE(1240)=3.0E-14 CONDENSATION 0.02S, 2 F-LINE(1486)=3.0E-14 DEC = -59D 25' 02.55" +/- 3 F-LINE(1749)=3.0E-14 0.1", PLATE-ID=ZZZQ Comments: POSITIONS OF KNOTS FROM WALBORN AND BLANCO MEAS. FROM PLATES OBTAINED IN 1985. PRECISE POS. WILL BE MEASURED FROM WF/PC IMAGES PRIOR TO HRS OBSERVATIONS. ATTEMPTS TO MEASURE KNOTS WITH GASP WERE NOT SUCCESSFUL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 1186c [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 DEFINE # PC IMAGE P6 F336W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 2S # # POS TARG -14.0, PCETA PRE-FLASH=YES +14.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 DEFINE # PC IMAGE P6 F336W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 30S # # POS TARG -14.0, PCETA PRE-FLASH=YES +14.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 DEFINE # PC IMAGE P6 F675W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 4S # # POS TARG -3.0,+3.0 PCETA PRE-FLASH=YES / 6-8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 DEFINE # PC IMAGE P6 F675W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 100S # # PCETA PRE-FLASH=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 DEFINE # PC IMAGE P6 F658N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 100S # # PCETA PRE-FLASH=YES Comments: THIS SEQUENCE DEFINES THE PC IMAGES OF ETA CARINAE AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. SEE GENERAL FORM SECTION 3 FOR INFORMATION ON WHAT IS BEING REQUESTED WITH POS TARG (LINES 4-8.6). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8.5 ETA-CARINAE WFC IMAGE ALL-ND F675W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 3S 50 1 CYCLE 0 / 8.5,8.6 PRE-FLASH=YES UNPROTECTED EARLY ACQ FOR 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8.6 ETA-CARINAE WFC IMAGE ALL-ND F658N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 10S 50 1 UNPROTECTED PRE-FLASH=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 USE ETA-CARINAE 50 1 CYCLE 0 PCETA EARLY ACQ FOR 10- 23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 S- HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N2 MAP=END-POINT 1 273S 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 11 CONDENSATIO FAINT=100 -16 N AFTER 9 BY 120D CYCLE 1 /10-16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 WAVE HRS ACCUM SC2 G140L 1300 STEP-PATT=2 1 30S 1 CALIB FOR 12 SEQ 11-12 NO GAP Comments: WAVELENGTH CALIBRATIONS LINES 11, 13, 15 TO INCLUDE SPECTRUM Y BALANCE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 S- HRS ACCUM 2.0 G140L 1300 STEP-PATT=2 1 20M 25 1 1 CONDENSATIO FP-SPLIT=STD N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 WAVE ^ ^ SC2 ^ 1550 STEP-PATT=2 1 30S 1 CALIB FOR 14 SEQ 13-14 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 1186c [ 8] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 S- ^ ^ 2.0 ^ ^ STEP-PATT=2 1 20M 25 2 1 CONDENSATIO FP-SPLIT=STD N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 WAVE ^ ^ SC2 ^ 1800 STEP-PATT=2 1 30S 1 CALIB FOR 16 SEQ 15-16 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 S- ^ ^ 2.0 ^ ^ STEP-PATT=2 1 30M 25 3 1 CONDENSATIO FP-SPLIT=STD N Comments: SCHEDULE 10-16 DURING CYCLE 1 UNOCCULTED SC TIME APPROX. 1.65 HOURS FOR 10-16. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 W- HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N2 MAP=END-POINT 289S 3 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 18 CONDENSATIO -23 N CYCLE 2 /17-23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 WAVE HRS ACCUM SC2 G140L 1300 STEP-PATT=2 1 30S 3 CALIB FOR 19 SEQ 18-19 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 W- ^ ^ 2.0 ^ ^ STEP-PATT=2 1 20M 25 1 3 CONDENSATIO FP-SPLIT=STD N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 WAVE ^ ^ SC2 ^ 1550 STEP-PATT=2 1 30S 3 CALIB FOR 21 SEQ 20-21 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 W- HRS ACCUM 2.0 G140L 1550 STEP-PATT=2 1 20M 25 2 3 CONDENSATIO FP-SPLIT=STD N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 WAVE HRS ACCUM SC2 G140L 1800 STEP-PATT=2 1 30S 3 CALIB FOR 23 SEQ 22-23 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 W- ^ ^ 2.0 ^ ^ STEP-PATT=2 1 30M 25 3 3 CONDENSATIO FP-SPLIT=STD N Comments: SCHEDULE 17 - 23 DURING CYCLE 2. UNOCCULTED SC TIME APPROX. 1.65 HOURS FOR 17-23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24 USE ETA-CARINAE 50 1 AFTER 9 BY 730D PCETA CYCLE 3 Comments: SCHEDULE 24 DURING GTO CYCLE 3. UNOCCULTED SC TIME APPROX. 0.55 HOURS FOR 24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 1186c [ 9] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations PC WFC HRS ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ACQ ACCUM ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=NO PRE-FLASH=YES MAP=END-POINT FAINT=100 STEP-PATT=2 FP-SPLIT=STD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GTO/HRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 5.37 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category HOT STARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements POS TARG -14.0,+14.0 POS TARG -3.0,+3.0 / 6-8 CYCLE 0 / 8.5,8.6; UNPROTECTED; EARLY ACQ FOR 9; UNPROTECTED CYCLE 0; EARLY ACQ FOR 10-23; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 11-16; AFTER 9 BY 120D; CYCLE 1 /10-16 CALIB FOR 12; SEQ 11-12 NO GAP CALIB FOR 14; SEQ 13-14 NO GAP CALIB FOR 16; SEQ 15-16 NO GAP ONBOARD ACQ FOR 18-23; CYCLE 2 /17-23 CALIB FOR 19; SEQ 18-19 NO GAP CALIB FOR 21; SEQ 20-21 NO GAP CALIB FOR 23; SEQ 22-23 NO GAP AFTER 9 BY 730D; CYCLE 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F336W F675W F658N MIRROR-N2 G140L ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names ETA-CARINAE HD93308 S-CONDENSATION W-CONDENSATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------