Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 1097c Report Date: 09-May-96:16:09 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: X-RAY BINARIES PART 2 - CYC2HIGH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS GTO/HSP 1097 Sub Category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Robert C. Bless WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF USA (608)262-1715 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract The extreme conditions existing in the near vicinity of neutron stars which are the secondaries in close binaries provide a laboratory in which we may observationally confirm or refine many of our basic theories of astrophysics. This program will monitor the photometric and polarimetric light curves of X-ray binaries at several different phases of the binary orbit in several different wavelength bands in the UV. The results will be related to the structure of, and physical conditions existing in, the gas streams (and possibly, the accretion disk) in these systems. Revision History: Clone 2958 v1.1 Removed comments concerning POL tube calibration-- BJW 6/24/92; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: X-RAY BINARIES: NEUTRON STARS: BLACK HOLES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 18.26 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 10 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. Special sched req: Real Time obs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 1097c PI: Robert C. Bless Proposal Title: X-RAY BINARIES PART 2 - CYC2HIGH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ G. W. Van Citters NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION USA Robert C. Bless WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF USA Joseph F. Dolan NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT USA CENTER James L. Elliot MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF USA TECHNOLOGY Edward L. Robinson TEXAS, UNIVERSITY OF USA Richard L. White SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE USA INSTITUTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. The photometric and polarimetric light curves of each target will be built up by measuring the magnitude and linear polarization of the system in several different wavelength bands at several different phases in one orbit. Investigation of temporal variations in any gas stream will require observations over several different orbits. Some of these systems undergo substantial luminosity changes in the optical or X-ray region of the spectrum; the observations will be repeated for each different luminosity state the system assumes. Cycle 1 (SV/GTO) observations: Exposures (line numbers) 37 to 48 and lines 55-60 on 1 month centers. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. UV radiation is believed to originate closer to the accretion disk around the secondary in X-ray binaries than does longer wavelength optical radiation. Hence, observations in the UV, accessible only to ST, will probe a different region of the gas streams between the stars than can be done in the optical. It is expected that the results will be more directly relatable to the conditions existing near the neutron star. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. The observations must be correlated with the period of the binary to obtain the desired light curves. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Given scattering from gas streams, the polarimetric (q, u) plot can determine the location of the stream relative to the line of centers and the orbital plane and the eccentricity of the scattering location's orbit about the primary (Dolan and Tapie, Astron. Ap., 139, 249, 1984; Dolan, Astron. Ap., 138, 1, 1984; and references cited therein). The phases at which photometric and polarimetric variability occur provide the longitudinal location of the gas streams; the magnitude of the varitions cn be related to the total amount of material in the stream. The ionization state of the stream can be determined from the dependence of the polarimetric variability on wavelength: Rayleigh scattering varies as the inverse 4th power of the wavelength and indicates neutral atoms as the scattering agents; Thomson scattering is independent of wavelength and indicate free electrons (i.e., ionized atoms) as the scattering agents. Variations in phase of features on the photometric and polarimetric light curves from orbit to orbit will indicate temporal changes in position of the scattering region in the gas streams. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. The X-ray binaries program is directly related to the first scientific objective listed in the HSP CEI specifications, "determination of the properties of ... X- ray binaries, gas streams and accretion disks in compact binary systems", and to the fifth scientific objective, "determination of the wavelength and time dependence of polarization in compact binaries". ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. Photometric and polarimetric light curves of X-ray binaries will be established at several different UV wavelengths. Changes in these light curves will be monitored as a function of the luminosity state of the system. The results will be related to the structure of, and physical conditions in, the gas streams and accretion disk in these close binaries. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: R BLESS Category: PI Institution: Address: City: State: Zip Code: Country: Telephone: Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: ROBERT C. BLESS Category: PI Institution: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN Address: SPACE ASTRONOMY LAB. 1150 UNIVERSITY AVE. City: MADISON State: WI Zip Code: 53706 Country: USA Telephone: 608-262-1715 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: JOSEPH F. DOLAN Category: CON Institution: NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER Address: CODE 681 City: GREENBELT State: MD Zip Code: 20771 Country: USA Telephone: (301)286-5920 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 1097c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HDE226868 X-RAY BINARY RA = 19H 58M 21.521S +/- 2000 1 V=8.6 SAO69181 0.1", DEC = +35D 12' 05.088" +/- 0.5" Comments: SAO CATALOG WITH PM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 1097c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.5 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ 1 3S 1 # ACQ2 UV2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.6 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ 1 1S 1 # ACQP POL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.95 DEFINE # HSP/ ACQ 1 3S 1 # ACQ1 UV1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F145M SAMPLE- 1 20S 1 # FIRST UV2 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F184W SAMPLE- 1 20S 1 # FIRST UV2 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F284M SAMPLE- 1 20S 1 # FIRST UV2 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F248M SAMPLE- 1 20S 1 # FIRST UV2 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F220W SAMPLE- 1 20S 1 # FIRST1 UV1 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE POL0 # SAMPLE-TIME=0.1 1 30S 1 # SEQ 6-7 NON-INT POL POL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE POL90 # SAMPLE-TIME=0.1 1 30S 1 # POL POL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE POL45 # SAMPLE-TIME=0.1 1 30S 1 # SEQ 8-9 NON-INT POL POL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE POL135 # SAMPLE-TIME=0.1 1 30S 1 # POL POL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 DEFINE # HSP/ SINGLE 1.0 F248M SAMPLE- 1 20S 1 # REP UV2 TIME=0.0000108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24.9 USE HDE226868 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 25 ACQP -28.1 CYCLE 3 / 24.9- 33.1 SEQ 24.9-28.1 NO GAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 USE POL HDE226868 F216M X6 ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25.1 USE POL HDE226868 F216M X6 ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 26 ^ HDE226868 F237M X6 ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 1097c [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 26.1 ^ HDE226868 F237M X6 ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 27 ^ HDE226868 F327M X6 ^ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 27.1 USE POL HDE226868 F327M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 28 USE POL HDE226868 F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 28.1 USE POL HDE226868 F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29 USE HDE226868 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 29.1-29.2 SEQ 29-29.2 NO GAP AFTER 28 BY 0.93D +/- 0.1D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29.1 USE POL ^ F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29.2 USE POL ^ F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 USE HDE226868 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 30.1-30.2 SEQ 30-30.2 NO GAP AFTER 28 BY 1.86D +/- 0.1D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30.1 USE POL ^ F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30.2 USE POL ^ F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 USE HDE226868 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 31.1-31.2 SEQ 31-31.2 NO GAP AFTER 28 BY 2.79D +/- 0.1D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31.1 USE POL HDE226868 F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31.2 USE POL ^ F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 USE HDE226868 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 32.1-32.2 SEQ 32-32.2 NO GAP AFTER 28 BY 3.72D +/- 0.1D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32.1 USE POL ^ F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32.2 USE POL ^ F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 1097c [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 USE HDE226868 2 ONBOARD ACQ FOR ACQP 33.1-33.1 SEQ 33-33.1 NO GAP AFTER 28 BY 4.65D +/- 0.1D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33.1 USE POL ^ F277M X6 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 1097c [ 8] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations HSP/UV2 HSP/POL HSP/UV1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ SINGLE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters SAMPLE-TIME=0.0000108 SAMPLE-TIME=0.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GTO/HSP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 18.26 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements SEQ 6-7 NON-INT; SEQ 8-9 NON-INT; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 25-28.1; CYCLE 3 / 24.9-33.1; SEQ 24.9-28.1 NO GAP; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 29.1-29.2; SEQ 29-29.2 NO GAP; AFTER 28 BY 0.93D +/- 0.1D; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 30.1-30.2; SEQ 30-30.2 NO GAP; AFTER 28 BY 1.86D +/- 0.1D; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 31.1-31.2; SEQ 31-31.2 NO GAP; AFTER 28 BY 2.79D +/- 0.1D; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 32.1-32.2; SEQ 32-32.2 NO GAP; AFTER 28 BY 3.72D +/- 0.1D; ONBOARD ACQ FOR 33.1-33.1; SEQ 33-33.1 NO GAP; AFTER 28 BY 4.65D +/- 0.1D; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F145M F184W F284M F248M F220W # F216M F237M F327M F277M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HDE226868 SAO69181 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------