! File: 1084C.PROP ! Database: PEPDB ! Date: 16-FEB-1994:01:04:18 coverpage: title_1: LUNAR OCCULTATIONS WITH THE SPACE TELESCOPE sci_cat: SOLAR SYSTEM proposal_for: GTO/HSP pi_fname: ROBERT pi_mi: C. pi_lname: BLESS pi_inst: WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF pi_country: USA pi_phone: 608-262-1715 keywords_1: LUNAR OCCULTATIONS, BRIGHTNESS DISTRIBUTIONS, LIMB keywords_2: DARKENING, SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS, EXTRA-SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS hours_pri: 3.00 num_pri: 9 realtime: X time_crit: Y ! end of coverpage abstract: line_1: In order to obtain their angular diameters, limb darkening and/or strip line_2: brightness distributions, we propose to observe lunar occultations of Seyfert line_3: galaxies, X-ray sources, white dwarfs, early stars, quasars, planetary nebulae, line_4: late stars, asteroids, and satellites. For certain occultations, much greater line_5: signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved with the HSP on the ST than has been line_6: possible from the ground because of its orbital geometry, the greatly reduced line_7: scattered light from the moon, and the absence of scintillation noise. line_8: Revision History: Received on RPS 9/1/89; Added to SCCS 9/5/89 line_9: Updated to V2 prop. instr.; RPSS V7.2 local & remote - SALM 9/5/89 line_10: Updated to pass RPSS; asb@MIT 7May90; Specified cycle 2 - SALM 6/21/90; line_11: Fixed small logic errors--BJW 7/10/90; ! ! end of abstract general_form_proposers: lname: ROBINSON fname: EDWARD mi: L. inst: TEXAS, UNIVERSITY OF country: USA ! lname: BLESS fname: ROBERT mi: C. inst: WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF country: USA ! lname: VAN CITTERS fname: G. mi: W. inst: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION country: USA ! lname: DOLAN fname: JOSEPH mi: F. inst: NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER country: USA ! lname: WHITE fname: RICHARD mi: L. inst: SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE INSTITUTE country: USA ! lname: ELLIOT fname: JAMES mi: L. inst: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY country: USA ! ! end of general_form_proposers block general_form_text: question: 3 section: 1 line_1: We plan to use the ST orbit parameters and catalogs of the objects of interest line_2: to identify those occultations of sufficient signal-to-noise ratio to achieve line_3: the goals outlined in Section 2. Each observation will require a scan of about line_4: ten arc-seconds along the track that the object will follow relative to the line_5: moon and a time series run on the object with whatever filter aperture line_6: combination that is chosen for the observation. For some occultations to be line_7: observed in the far UV, prior multi-filter photometry of the object will be line_8: necessary in order to determine the most appropriate filter to use for the line_9: occultation. For now, we shall assume that the calibration and observation line_10: time will average about 15 minutes per lunar occultation observed. line_12: After cycle 1. ! question: 4 section: 1 line_1: We can achieve a much better signal-to-noise ratio for certain lunar line_2: occultations than would be possible from the ground for the following reasons. line_3: Twice each orbit, the ST will reach a point when the lunar limb will appear line_4: nearly stationary with respect to the celestial sphere. (Due to the relative line_5: inclinations of the lunar and ST orbits, however, there may be some residual line_6: motion parallel to the lunar limb). At these stationary points, we can achieve line_7: a high signal-to-noise ratio for lunar occultations because (i) the occultation line_8: diffracted light pattern is scanned at low velocity; (ii) the lower level of line_9: background scattered light from the moon seen by the ST; (iii) our ability to line_10: reject background lunar light by employing small focal plane apertures; and (iv) line_11: the absence of scintillation noise, which has strong components at frequencies line_12: comparable to the occultation timescale. For example, if an occultation of line_13: 3C273 (v = +1.8) were to occur within 2' of a stationary point, we could line_14: measure its diameter (assuming it would be resolved) with a precision of 0.005 line_15: arc-seconds--the diffraction limit of a 20-meter telescope. ! question: 5 section: 1 line_1: Acquisition of the object near the moon may be difficult. ! question: 6 section: 1 line_1: A prior scan over 10 arc-seconds is needed to map the scattered light field, line_2: which is needed for the data reduction. ! question: 7 section: 1 line_1: Data will be reduced and analyzed at MIT with the VAX 11-750 belonging to the line_2: planetary astronomy group. ! question: 10 section: 1 line_1: TBD ! question: 13 section: 1 line_1: Observations of lunar occultations by the HSP of several different classes of line_2: objects will give information about their angular diameters. Brightness line_3: distributions of Seyfert galaxies and lower limits on quasar emission as well line_4: as the physical size of some objects can be obtained in this manner. ! !end of general form text general_form_address: lname: BLESS fname: ROBERT mi: C. category: PI inst: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN addr_1: DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY city: MADISON state: WI zip: 53706 country: USA phone: 608-262-1715 ! lname: ELLIOT fname: JAMES mi: L. category: CON inst: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY addr_1: BLDG. 54-422 city: CAMBRIDGE state: MA zip: 02139 country: USA phone: 617-253-6308 telex: 921473 MIT CAM ! ! end of general_form_address records ! No fixed target records found ! No solar system records found generic_targets: targnum_1: 1 name_1: SEYFERT-OCC descr_1: SEYFERT GALAXIES criteria_1: SEYFERTS OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY PT. acqpr_1: BKG comment_1: THE FLUX FOR THE OCCULTED OBJECTS comment_2: THAT WILL YIELD USEFUL LUNAR comment_3: OCCULTATIONS WILL DEPEND comment_4: CRITICALLY ON THE SCATTERED LIGHT comment_5: PROPERTIES OF THE HST AND THE PART comment_6: OF THE ST ORBIT AT WHICH THE comment_7: OBJECT IS OCCULTED. ALL OBJECTS comment_8: WILL BE SELECTED BY GTO. ! targnum_1: 2 name_1: X-RAY-SOURCES descr_1: OPTICAL COUNTERPARTS OF X-RAY SOURCES criteria_1: X-RAY SOURCES OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY POINT acqpr_1: ^ ! targnum_1: 3 name_1: DWARF-OCC descr_1: WHITE DWARFS criteria_1: WHITE DWARFS OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY POINT acqpr_1: ^ plate_req: N plate_avail: N ! targnum_1: 4 name_1: EARLY-OCC descr_1: EARLY STARS criteria_1: EARLY STARS OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY PT. acqpr_1: ^ plate_req: N plate_avail: N ! targnum_1: 5 name_1: QUAS-OCC descr_1: QUASARS criteria_1: QUASARS OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY PT. plate_req: N plate_avail: N ! targnum_1: 6 name_1: PLAN-NEB-OCC descr_1: PLANETARY NEBULAE criteria_1: PLAN. NEB. OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY PT. acqpr_1: ^ plate_req: N plate_avail: N ! targnum_1: 7 name_1: LATE-OCC descr_1: LATE STARS criteria_1: LATE STARS OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY PT. acqpr_1: ^ plate_req: N plate_avail: N ! targnum_1: 8 name_1: ASTER-OCC descr_1: ASTEROIDS criteria_1: ASTEROIDS OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY PT. acqpr_1: ^ plate_req: N plate_avail: N ! targnum_1: 9 name_1: SATELLITES descr_1: SATELLITES criteria_1: OBJECTS OCCULTED BY THE MOON NEAR STATIONARY PT. acqpr_1: ^ plate_req: N plate_avail: N ! ! end of generic targets exposure_logsheet: linenum: 1.000 sequence_1: DEFINE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: # config: HSP/VIS opmode: ACQ num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 5M s_to_n: 10 priority: # req_1: EARLY ACQ FOR 2-3; req_2: SAME ORIENT FOR 2-3 AS 1; ! linenum: 2.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: # config: HSP/PMT/VIS opmode: SPLIT aperture: 1.0 sp_element: F750W/F320N num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 5M s_to_n: 5 s_to_n_time: 1S priority: # param_1: SAMPLE-TIME=0.01, req_1: CRIT OBS / 2-3; req_2: SEQ 2-3 NO GAP; ! linenum: 3.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: # config: ^ opmode: ^ aperture: ^ sp_element: ^ num_exp: 1 time_per_exp: 5M priority: # param_1: ^ req_1: SPATIAL SCAN SINGLE-EXP; ! linenum: 4.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: SEYFERT-OCC priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 4-6; req_2: SELECT 4 OF 4-6 OR 14-16 OR req_3: 24-26 OR 34-36 OR 44-46 OR req_4: 54-56 OR 64-66 OR 74-76 OR req_5: 84-86; COND IF OCCULTATION req_6: GEOMETRY FAVORABLE / 4-6, req_7: 14-16, 24-26, 34-36, 44-46, req_8: 54-56, 64-66, 74-76, 84-86; ! linenum: 5.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 2 ! linenum: 6.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 3 ! linenum: 14.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: X-RAY-SOURCES priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 14-16; ! linenum: 15.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 2 ! linenum: 16.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 3 ! linenum: 24.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: DWARF-OCC priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 24-26; ! linenum: 25.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 2 ! linenum: 26.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 3 ! linenum: 34.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: EARLY-OCC priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 34-36; ! linenum: 35.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 2 ! linenum: 36.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 3 ! linenum: 44.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: QUAS-OCC priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 44-46; ! linenum: 45.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 2 ! linenum: 46.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 3 ! linenum: 54.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: PLAN-NEB-OCC priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 54-56; ! linenum: 55.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: PLAN-NEB-OCC priority: 2 ! linenum: 56.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 3 ! linenum: 64.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: LATE-OCC priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 64-66; ! linenum: 65.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 2 ! linenum: 66.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 3 ! linenum: 74.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: ASTER-OCC priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 74-76; ! linenum: 75.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 2 ! linenum: 76.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 3 ! linenum: 84.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: SATELLITES priority: 1 req_1: CYCLE 2 / 84-86; ! linenum: 85.000 sequence_1: ^ targname: ^ priority: 2 ! linenum: 86.000 sequence_1: USE sequence_2: HSP-OCC targname: SATELLITES priority: 3 ! ! end of exposure logsheet scan_data: line_list: 4.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 5.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 6.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 14.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 15.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 16.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 24.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 25.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 26.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 34.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 35.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 36.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 44.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 45.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 46.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 54.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 55.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 56.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 64.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 65.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 66.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 74.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 75.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 76.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 84.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 85.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! line_list: 86.0 fgs_scan: cont_dwell: C dwell_pnts: 0 dwell_secs: 0.00 scan_width: 0.0000 scan_length: 10.0000 sides_angle: 0.0000 number_lines: 1 scan_rate: 0.2000 first_line_pa: 90.0000 scan_frame: CEL len_offset: 10.0000 wid_offset: 0.0000 ! ! end of scan data